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Web Modeling Language (WebML): a modeling language for designing Web sites
, 2000
"... Designing and maintaining Web applications is one of the major challenges for the software industry of the year 2000. In this paper we present Web Modeling Language (WebML), a notation for specifying complex Web sites at the conceptual level. WebML enables the high-level description of a Web site un ..."
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Cited by 427 (15 self)
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Designing and maintaining Web applications is one of the major challenges for the software industry of the year 2000. In this paper we present Web Modeling Language (WebML), a notation for specifying complex Web sites at the conceptual level. WebML enables the high-level description of a Web site under distinct orthogonal dimensions: its data content (structural model), the pages that compose it (composition model), the topology of links between pages (navigation model), the layout and graphic requirements for page rendering (presentation model), and the customization features for one-to-one content delivery (personalization model). All the concepts of WebML are associated with a graphic notation and a textual XML syntax. WebML specifications are independent of both the client-side language used for delivering the application to users, and of the server-side platform used to bind data to pages, but they can be effectively used to produce a site implementation in a specific technologica...
Snap-together visualization: A user interface for coordinating visualizations via relational schemata
- In Proc. Advanced Visual Interfaces
, 2000
"... north @ cs.umd.edu, ben @ cs.umd.edu Multiple coordinated visualizations enable users to rapidly explore complex information. However, users often need unforeseen combinations of coordinated visualizations that are appropriate for their data. Snap-Together Visualization enables data users to rapidly ..."
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Cited by 143 (11 self)
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north @ cs.umd.edu, ben @ cs.umd.edu Multiple coordinated visualizations enable users to rapidly explore complex information. However, users often need unforeseen combinations of coordinated visualizations that are appropriate for their data. Snap-Together Visualization enables data users to rapidly and dynamically mix and match visualizations and coordinations to construct custom exploration interfaces without programming. Snap's conceptual model is based on the relational database model. Users load relations into visualizations then coordinate them based on the relational joins between them. Users can create different types of coordinations such as: brushing, drill down, overview and detail view, and synchronized scrolling. Visualization developers can make their independent visualizations snap-able with a simple API. Evaluation of Snap revealed benefits, cognitive issues, and usability concerns. Data savvy users were very capable and thrilled to rapidly construct powerful coordinated visualizations. A snapped overview and detail-view coordination improved user performance by 30-80%, depending on task.
Tools and Approaches for Developing Data-Intensive Web Applications: A Survey
- ACM Computing Surveys
, 1999
"... ions Implementation-level: pages, links, presentation styles Reuse Plug-in components; Reusable presentation styles Architecture Two-tiers, based on file system Static binding of content to pages Usability High graphical control through manual authoring High coherence through use of presentatio ..."
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Cited by 134 (11 self)
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ions Implementation-level: pages, links, presentation styles Reuse Plug-in components; Reusable presentation styles Architecture Two-tiers, based on file system Static binding of content to pages Usability High graphical control through manual authoring High coherence through use of presentation styles Low customization, no adaptivity, no proactivity 236 . P. Fraternali ACM Computing Surveys, Vol. 31, No. 3, September 1999 metaphor (e.g., in Director, objects' synchronization is defined by editing the score for the cast members of a stage; see Figure 6). ---The type of database connectivity, which may range from support of an internal database, of an external database via gateway software (typically ODBC or JDBC), or of an external database through DBMS API. ---The type of Web connectivity, which may be achieved by means of a plug-in application extending a Web browser, or by exporting the hypermedia application into a network language. Web connectivity may affect database c...
Modeling Web Application Architectures with UML
, 1999
"... this article, a Web application will be loosely defined as a Web system (Web server, network, HTTP, browser) in which ..."
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Cited by 131 (0 self)
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this article, a Web application will be loosely defined as a Web system (Web server, network, HTTP, browser) in which
Systematic Hypermedia Application Design with OOHDM
, 1996
"... In this paper we analyze the process of hypermedia applications design and implementation, focusing in particular on two critical aspects of these applications: the navigational and interface structure. We discuss the way in which we build the navigation and abstract interface models using the Objec ..."
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Cited by 118 (7 self)
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In this paper we analyze the process of hypermedia applications design and implementation, focusing in particular on two critical aspects of these applications: the navigational and interface structure. We discuss the way in which we build the navigation and abstract interface models using the Object-Oriented Hypermedia Design Method (OOHDM); we show which concerns must be taken into account for each task by giving examples from a real project we are developing, the Portinari Project. We show which implementation concerns must be considered when defining interface behavior, discussing both a Toolbook and a HTML implementation of the example application. Keywords: Hypermedia Design, Methodology, Modeling, Object Orientation, Navigation, Interfaces 1. Introduction In the past three years there has been growing interest in hypermedia design approaches [Izakowitz 95, Garzotto 93, Lange 94]. There are many different problems the hypermedia designer has to deal with, since the combination...
Fresnel - A Browser-Independent Presentation Vocabulary for RDF
- In: Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Interaction Design and the Semantic Web
, 2006
"... Abstract. Semantic Web browsers and other tools aimed at displaying RDF data to end users are all concerned with the same problem: presenting content primarily intended for machine consumption in a human-readable way. Their solutions differ but in the end address the same two high-level issues, no m ..."
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Cited by 92 (5 self)
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Abstract. Semantic Web browsers and other tools aimed at displaying RDF data to end users are all concerned with the same problem: presenting content primarily intended for machine consumption in a human-readable way. Their solutions differ but in the end address the same two high-level issues, no matter the underlying representation paradigm: specifying (i) what information contained in RDF models should be presented (content selection) and (ii) how this information should be presented (content formatting and styling). However, each tool currently relies on its own ad hoc mechanisms and vocabulary for specifying RDF presentation knowledge, making it difficult to share and reuse such knowledge across applications. Recognizing the general need for presenting RDF content to users and wanting to promote the exchange of presentation knowledge, we designed Fresnel as a browser-independent vocabulary of core RDF display concepts. In this paper we describe Fresnel’s main concepts and present several RDF browsers and visualization tools that have adopted the vocabulary so far. 1
Hypertext design environments and the hypertext design process
- Communications of the ACM
, 1995
"... mproving the quality of hypermedia design and reducing its cost is an important challenge for the information industry. One way to tackle the problem is to provide hypertext designers with appropriate development environments. Hypertext engineering environments that provide sets of integrated tools ..."
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Cited by 91 (0 self)
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mproving the quality of hypermedia design and reducing its cost is an important challenge for the information industry. One way to tackle the problem is to provide hypertext designers with appropriate development environments. Hypertext engineering environments that provide sets of integrated tools boost designers ’ efficiency and effectiveness.
Design and Maintenance of Data-Intensive Web Sites
, 1997
"... Many Web sites include significant and substantial pieces of information, in a way that is often difficult to share, correlate and maintain. In many cases the management of a Web site can greatly benefit from the adoption of methods and techniques borrowed from the database field. This paper introdu ..."
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Cited by 84 (6 self)
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Many Web sites include significant and substantial pieces of information, in a way that is often difficult to share, correlate and maintain. In many cases the management of a Web site can greatly benefit from the adoption of methods and techniques borrowed from the database field. This paper introduces a methodology for designing and maintaining large Web sites based on the assumption that data to be published in the site are managed using a DBMS. We see the process of designing the site as the result of two intertwined activities: the database design and the hypevtex't design. Each of these is further divided in a conceptual design phase and a logical design phase, based on specific data models. A new logical data model, called ADM, is used to describe the structure of a Web hypertext. It is page-oriented, in the sense that the main construct is the one of page-scheme, providing an intensional description of a class of pages in the site. Based on the ADM scheme of the site, we introduce a language, called PENELOPE, that allows to automatically generate HTML pages starting from the database content. PENELOPE is also able to correlate different pages in a complex hypertext using a suitable URL invention mechanism to guarantee reference integrity. ADM and PENELOPE strongly support site maintenance: the first provides a concise description of the site structure; it allows to reason about the overall organization of pages in the site, in order to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the chosen structure, and possibly to restructure it; at the same time, PENELOPE alleviates the burden of managing HTML files by hand, and guarantees link consistency in presence of updates and reorganizations.
Which Way Now? Analysing and Easing Inadequacies in WWW Navigation
- International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
, 2000
"... This paper examines the usability of the hypertext navigation facilities provided by World Wide Web client applications. A notation is defined to represent the user's navigational acts and the resultant system states. The notation is used to report potential, or `theoretical,' problems ..."
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Cited by 82 (10 self)
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This paper examines the usability of the hypertext navigation facilities provided by World Wide Web client applications. A notation is defined to represent the user's navigational acts and the resultant system states. The notation is used to report potential, or `theoretical,' problems in the models of navigation supported by three web client applications. A usability study confirms that these problems emerge in actual use, and demonstrates that incorrect user models of the clients' facilities are common. A usability analysis identifies inadequacies in the clients' interfaces. Motivated by the analysis of usability problems, we propose extensions to the design of WWW client applications. These proposals are demonstrated by our system WebNetwhich uses dynamic graphical overview diagrams to extend the navigational facilities of conventional World Wide Web client applications. Related work on graphical overview diagrams for web navigation is reviewed. 1 Introduction The small...
Extending UML for Modeling Web Applications
- PROCEEDINGS OF THE 34TH HAWAII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEM SCIENCES- 2001
, 2001
"... Web sites are progressively evolving from browsable, read-only information repositories to web-based distributed applications. Compared to traditional web sites, these web applications do not only support navigation and browsing, but also operations that have affects their contents and navigation st ..."
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Cited by 78 (2 self)
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Web sites are progressively evolving from browsable, read-only information repositories to web-based distributed applications. Compared to traditional web sites, these web applications do not only support navigation and browsing, but also operations that have affects their contents and navigation states. Compared to traditional applications, web applications integrate operations with the built-in browsing capabilities of hypermedia. These novelties make web application design a complex task that requires the integration of methods and techniques developed in different "worlds". This integration is achieved in this paper by extending and customizing the Unified Modeling Language (UML) with web design concepts borrowed from the Hypermedia Design Model (HDM). Hypermedia elements are described through appropriate UML stereotypes. UML diagrams are also tailored to model operations and relate them with hypermedia elements. The approach is exemplified by describing the design of a web-based conference manager.
