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Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015)

by United Nations
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A Question of Balance: Weighing the Options on Global Warming Policies

by William Nordhaus , 2008
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Abstract - Cited by 295 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
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The Challenge of Global Warming: Economic Models and Environmental Policy

by William Nordhaus , 2007
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Abstract - Cited by 64 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
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Understanding Pen and Touch Interaction for Data Exploration on Interactive Whiteboards

by Jagoda Walny, Bongshin Lee, Paul Johns, Nathalie Henry Riche, Sheelagh Carpendale
"... Abstract—Current interfaces for common information visualizations such as bar graphs, line graphs, and scatterplots usually make use of the WIMP (Windows, Icons, Menus and a Pointer) interface paradigm with its frequently discussed problems of multiple levels of indirection via cascading menus, dial ..."
Abstract - Cited by 21 (7 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract—Current interfaces for common information visualizations such as bar graphs, line graphs, and scatterplots usually make use of the WIMP (Windows, Icons, Menus and a Pointer) interface paradigm with its frequently discussed problems of multiple levels of indirection via cascading menus, dialog boxes, and control panels. Recent advances in interface capabilities such as the availability of pen and touch interaction challenge us to re-think this and investigate more direct access to both the visualizations and the data they portray. We conducted a Wizard of Oz study to explore applying pen and touch interaction to the creation of information visualization interfaces on interactive whiteboards without implementing a plethora of recognizers. Our wizard acted as a robust and flexible pen and touch recognizer, giving participants maximum freedom in how they interacted with the system. Based on our qualitative analysis of the interactions our participants used, we discuss our insights about pen and touch interactions in the context of learnability and the interplay between pen and touch gestures. We conclude with suggestions for designing pen and touch enabled interactive visualization interfaces. Index Terms—Pen and touch, interaction, Wizard of Oz, whiteboard, data exploration. 1
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...e, and Net Migration Rate) and 66 rows (i.e., items). We prepared the dataset by extracting demographic data from 1950 to 2010 and projections from 2020 to2050 from the UN World Population Prospects =-=[42]-=- and aggregating it by continent to simplify the data. There were eight tasks (six of which consisted of multiple steps), presented in the same sequence to each participant. These tasks were designed ...

Probabilistic projections of the total fertility rate for all countries

by Leontine Alkema, Adrian E. Raftery, Patrick Gerland, Samuel J. Clark, François Pelletier, Thomas Buettner, Gerhard K. Heilig - CENTER FOR STATISTICS AND THE SOCIAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON , 2010
"... We describe a Bayesian projection model to produce countryspecific projections of the total fertility rate (TFR) for all countries. The model decomposes the evolution of TFR into three phases: pre-transition high fertility, the fertility transition, and post-transition low fertility. The model for ..."
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We describe a Bayesian projection model to produce countryspecific projections of the total fertility rate (TFR) for all countries. The model decomposes the evolution of TFR into three phases: pre-transition high fertility, the fertility transition, and post-transition low fertility. The model for the fertility decline builds on the United Nations Population Division’s current Electronic supplementary material

Infertility and the provision of infertility medical services in developing countries

by Willem Ombelet, Ian Cooke, Silke Dyer, Gamal Serour, Paul Devroey - Human Reproduction Update , 2008
"... developing countries ..."
Abstract - Cited by 11 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
developing countries

UN – United Nations

by On A, Car Central Asian Republic , 2000
"... TJR 1.00 = $0.000511 ..."
Abstract - Cited by 9 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
TJR 1.00 = $0.000511
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...reas. Added to this demographic disadvantage is the limited access to basic social and health services in rural areas and higher poverty rates than in urban areas (Montgomery and others, 2003; United =-=Nations, 2008-=-b). Populations are ageing in both rural and urban areas Between 1975 and 2005, the proportion of older persons increased in both the urban and rural populations. In 1975, 17 per cent of the rural pop...

Collective sensing: Integrating geospatial technologies to understand urban systems—An overview. Remote Sens

by Thomas Blaschke, Geoffrey J. Hay, Qihao Weng, Bernd Resch
"... Abstract: Cities are complex systems composed of numerous interacting components that evolve over multiple spatio-temporal scales. Consequently, no single data source is sufficient to satisfy the information needs required to map, monitor, model, and ultimately understand and manage our interaction ..."
Abstract - Cited by 8 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract: Cities are complex systems composed of numerous interacting components that evolve over multiple spatio-temporal scales. Consequently, no single data source is sufficient to satisfy the information needs required to map, monitor, model, and ultimately understand and manage our interaction within such urban systems. Remote sensing technology provides a key data source for mapping such environments, but is not sufficient for fully understanding them. In this article we provide a condensed urban perspective of critical geospatial technologies and techniques: (i) Remote Sensing; (ii) Geographic Information Systems; (iii) object-based image analysis; and (iv) sensor webs, and recommend a holistic integration of these technologies within the language of open geospatial consortium (OGC) standards in-order to more fully understand urban systems. We then discuss the potential of this integration and conclude that this extends the monitoring and mapping options beyond “hard infrastructure ” by addressing “humans as sensors”, mobility and human-environment interactions, and future improvements to quality of life and of social infrastructures. Remote Sens. 2011, 3 1744
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... live in urban areas that occupy only ≈1% of the planets total land area [2]. Additionally, annual urban growth rates continue to increase at a more rapid pace (1.91%), than rural populations (0.22%) =-=[3]-=- leading to a host of urban challenges from affordable housing, increased urban unemployment and traffic congestion, to rising energy demands, urban heat island effects and increased air and noise pol...

Organizing the unorganized – employing IT to empower the underprivileged

by Arun Kumar, Nitendra Rajput, Sheetal Agarwal, Dipanjan Chakraborty, Amit Anil Nanavati - Proc. of the 17th International Conference on World Wide Web, 2008, ACM (2008
"... Various sectors in developing countries are typically dominated by the presence of a large number of small and microbusinesses that operate in an informal, unorganized manner. Many of these are single person run micro-businesses and cannot afford to buy and maintain their own IT infrastructure. For ..."
Abstract - Cited by 8 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
Various sectors in developing countries are typically dominated by the presence of a large number of small and microbusinesses that operate in an informal, unorganized manner. Many of these are single person run micro-businesses and cannot afford to buy and maintain their own IT infrastructure. For others, easy availability of cheap labour provides a convenient alternative even though it results in inefficiency, as little or no records are maintained, and only manual, paper-based processes are followed. This results in high response times for customers, no formal accountability and higher charges. For the businesses this translates to lower earnings and losses due to inefficiencies. In this paper, we look at few such micro-business segments and explore their current models of operation, while identifying existing inefficiencies and pain points. We build upon the findings and propose an approach for delivering benefits of IT solutions to such micro-business segments. Finally, we present technology that realizes the proposed approach in the specific context of two such segments.
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...2/08/04. the pyramid [14], and cannot afford their own IT infrastructure. For instance, in India alone people in rural areas account for about 70% of the population which amounts to about 700 million =-=[5]-=-. Most large cities also have a sizable population consisting of people who have migrated from villages to earn a living. Such people are typically illiterate or semi-literate and earn around Rs. 6000...

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Intestinal Parasitic Infection among Children in an Urban Slum of Karachi

by Vikram Mehraj, Juanita Hatcher, Saeed Akhtar, Ghazala Rafique, Mohammad Asim Beg
"... Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are endemic worldwide and have been described as constituting the greatest single worldwide cause of illness and disease. Poverty, illiteracy, poor hygiene, lack of access to potable water and hot and humid tropical climate are the factors associated with ..."
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Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are endemic worldwide and have been described as constituting the greatest single worldwide cause of illness and disease. Poverty, illiteracy, poor hygiene, lack of access to potable water and hot and humid tropical climate are the factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections. The study aimed to estimate prevalence and identify factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections among 1 to 5 years old children residing in an urban slum of Karachi Pakistan. Methods and Principal Findings: A cross sectional survey was conducted from February to June 2006 in Ghosia Colony Gulshan Town Karachi, Pakistan. A simple random sample of 350 children aged 1–5 years was collected. The study used structured pre-tested questionnaire, anthropometric tools and stool tests to obtain epidemiological and disease data. Data were analyzed using appropriate descriptive, univariate and multivariable logistic regression methods. The mean age of participants was 2.8 years and 53 % were male. The proportions of wasted, stunted and underweight children were 10.4%, 58.9 % and 32.7 % respectively. The prevalence of Intestinal parasitic infections was estimated to be 52.8 % (95 % CI: 46.1; 59.4). Giardia lamblia was the most common parasite followed by Ascaris lumbricoides, Blastocystis hominis and Hymenolepis nana. About 43 % children were infected with single parasite and 10 % with multiple parasites. Age {Adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) = 1.5; 95 % CI: 1.1; 1.9}, living in rented households (aOR = 2.0; 95 % CI: 1.0; 3.9) and history of excessive crying
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...e population of Karachi was about 9.8 million [12]. With an estimated current population of around 15 million, it is one of the most populous cities of the world with a high rate of population growth =-=[13]-=- mainly due to rapid urbanization. Study Population, Sample Size and Sampling Strategy The study population consisted of all children from 1 to 5 years of age residing in the households of Ghosia Colo...

What explains fertility? Evidence from Italian pension reforms

by Francesco C. Billari, Università Bocconi, Vincenzo Galasso , 2008
"... Why do people have kids in developed societies? We propose an empirical test of two alternative theories — children as “consumption ” vs. “investment ” good. We use as a natural experiment the Italian pension reforms of the 90s that introduced a clear discontinuity in the treatment across workers. T ..."
Abstract - Cited by 7 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
Why do people have kids in developed societies? We propose an empirical test of two alternative theories — children as “consumption ” vs. “investment ” good. We use as a natural experiment the Italian pension reforms of the 90s that introduced a clear discontinuity in the treatment across workers. This policy experiment is particularly well suited, since the “consumption ” motive predicts lower future pensions to reduce fertility, while the “old-age security ” to increase it. Our empirical analysis identifies a clear and robust positive effect of less generous future pensions on post-reform fertility. These findings are consistent with “old-age security ” even for contemporary fertility.
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