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Audience-contingent variation in action demonstrations for humans and computers
- Cognitive Science
, 2008
"... People may exhibit two kinds of modifications when demonstrating action for others: modifica-tions to facilitate bottom-up, or sensory-based processing; and modifications to facilitate top-down, or knowledge-based processing. The current study examined actors ’ production of such modifications in ac ..."
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People may exhibit two kinds of modifications when demonstrating action for others: modifica-tions to facilitate bottom-up, or sensory-based processing; and modifications to facilitate top-down, or knowledge-based processing. The current study examined actors ’ production of such modifications in action demonstrations for audiences that differed in their capacity for intentional reasoning. Actors’ demonstrations of complex actions for a non-anthropomorphic computer system and for people (adult and toddler) were compared. Evidence was found for greater highlighting of top-down modifications in the demonstrations for the human audiences versus the computer audience. Conversely, participants highlighted simple perceptual modifications for the computer audience, producing more punctuated and wider ranging motions. This study suggests that people consider differences in their audiences when demonstrating action.
Effects of differential feedback on students’ examination performance
- Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied
, 2009
"... All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately. ..."
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All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately.
Human Responses to Machine-Generated Speech with Emotional Content
, 2013
"... The aim of the present thesis was to examine how people respond to synthetically produced lexical expressions of emotions. When speaking, both the content of spoken words and the prosodic cues, such as pitch and the speed of the speech, can mediate emotion-related information. To study how the pure ..."
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The aim of the present thesis was to examine how people respond to synthetically produced lexical expressions of emotions. When speaking, both the content of spoken words and the prosodic cues, such as pitch and the speed of the speech, can mediate emotion-related information. To study how the pure content of spoken words affects human emotions, speech synthesizers offer good opportunities as they allow for good controllability over the prosodic cues. Synthetic speech can be generated using different techniques. Such speech can be purely machine generated or it can be based on different types (i.e. shorter or longer) of samples from human speech. On the basis of synthesis techniques, synthesizers can be classified according to the degree of human-likeness of the voice. Four different speech synthesizers were employed in this study, which all differed in their speech-production techniques. This also enabled an examination of the effects of the human-likeness of synthetic voices on human emotions. Three key
LEARNING. LEADING. are registered trademarks of
, 2008
"... As part of its educational and social mission and in fulfilling the organization's nonprofit charter and bylaws, ETS has and continues to learn from and also to lead research that furthers educational and measurement research to advance quality and equity in education and assessment for all use ..."
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As part of its educational and social mission and in fulfilling the organization's nonprofit charter and bylaws, ETS has and continues to learn from and also to lead research that furthers educational and measurement research to advance quality and equity in education and assessment for all users of the organization's products and services. ETS Research Reports provide preliminary and limited dissemination of ETS research prior to publication. To obtain a PDF or a print copy of a report, please visit:
