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The Anatomy of a Design Theory
- Journal of the Association of Information Systems
, 2007
"... Design work and design knowledge in Information Systems (IS) is important for both research and practice. Yet there has been comparatively little critical attention paid to the problem of specifying design theory so that it can be communicated, justified, and developed cumulatively. In this essay we ..."
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Cited by 179 (4 self)
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Design work and design knowledge in Information Systems (IS) is important for both research and practice. Yet there has been comparatively little critical attention paid to the problem of specifying design theory so that it can be communicated, justified, and developed cumulatively. In this essay we focus on the structural components or anatomy of design theories in IS as a special class of theory. In doing so, we aim to extend the work of Walls, Widemeyer and El Sawy (1992) on the specification of information systems design theories (ISDT), drawing on other streams of thought on design research and theory to provide a basis for a more systematic and useable formulation of these theories. We identify eight separate components of design theories: (1) purpose and scope, (2) constructs, (3) principles of form and function, (4) artifact mutability, (5) testable propositions, (6) justificatory knowledge (kernel theories), (7) principles of implementation, and (8) an expository instantiation. This specification includes components missing in the Walls et al. adaptation of Dubin (1978) and Simon (1969) and also addresses explicitly problems associated with the role of instantiations and the specification of design theories for methodologies and interventions as well as for products and applications. The essay is significant as the unambiguous establishment of design knowledge as theory gives a sounder base for arguments for the rigor and legitimacy of IS as an applied discipline and for its continuing progress. A craft can proceed with the copying of one example of a design artifact by one artisan after another. A discipline cannot.
Selecting Empirical Methods for Software Engineering Research
"... Selecting a research method for empirical software engineering research is problematic because the benefits and challenges to using each method are not yet well catalogued. Therefore, this chapter describes a number of empirical methods available. It examines the goals of each and analyzes the types ..."
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Cited by 81 (1 self)
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Selecting a research method for empirical software engineering research is problematic because the benefits and challenges to using each method are not yet well catalogued. Therefore, this chapter describes a number of empirical methods available. It examines the goals of each and analyzes the types of questions each best addresses. Theoretical stances behind the methods, practical considerations in the application of the methods and data collection are also briefly reviewed. Taken together, this information provides a suitable basis for both understanding and selecting from the variety of methods applicable to empirical software engineering. Despite widespread interest in empirical software engineering, there is little guidance on which research methods are suitable to which research problems, and how to choose amongst them. Many researchers select inappropriate methods because they do not understand the goals underlying a method or possess little knowledge about alternatives. As a first step in helping
A Paradigmatic Analysis of Information Systems as a Design Science
- Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems
"... Abstract. The present essay discusses the ontology, epistemology, methodology and ethics of design science. It suggests that Information Systems as a design science should be based on a sound ontology, including an ontology of IT artifacts. In the case of epistemology, the essay emphasizes the irred ..."
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Cited by 59 (1 self)
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Abstract. The present essay discusses the ontology, epistemology, methodology and ethics of design science. It suggests that Information Systems as a design science should be based on a sound ontology, including an ontology of IT artifacts. In the case of epistemology, the essay emphasizes the irreducibility of the prescriptive knowledge of IT artifacts to theoretical descriptive knowledge. It also expresses a need for constructive research methods, which allow disciplined, rigorous and transparent building of IT artifacts as outcomes of design science research. The relationship between action research and design science research is also briefly discussed. In the case of ethics, the essay points out that Information Systems as design science cannot be valuefree.
Interpretive research aiming at theory building: Adopting and adapting the case study design. The Qualitative Report, 14(1), 42–60. Retrieved from http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR141/diaz-andrade.pdf Antonacopoulou
- In J. Storey (Ed.), Leadership in
, 2009
"... Although the advantages of case study design are widely recognised, its original positivist underlying assumptions may mislead interpretive researchers aiming at theory building. The paper discusses the limitations of the case study design for theory building and explains how grounded theory systemi ..."
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Cited by 19 (0 self)
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Although the advantages of case study design are widely recognised, its original positivist underlying assumptions may mislead interpretive researchers aiming at theory building. The paper discusses the limitations of the case study design for theory building and explains how grounded theory systemic process adds to the case study design. The author reflects upon his experience in conducting research on the articulation of both traditional social networks and new virtual networks in six rural communities in Peru, using both case study design and grounded theory in a combined fashion in order to discover an emergent theory.
A theory of tailorable technology design
- JAIS
, 2007
"... Tailorable technologies are a class of information systems designed with the intention that users modify and redesign the technology in the context of use. Tailorable technologies support user goals, intentions, metaphor, and use patterns in the selection and integration of technology functions in t ..."
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Cited by 15 (9 self)
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Tailorable technologies are a class of information systems designed with the intention that users modify and redesign the technology in the context of use. Tailorable technologies support user goals, intentions, metaphor, and use patterns in the selection and integration of technology functions in the creation of new and unique information systems. We propose a theory of tailorable technology design and identify principles necessary for the initial design. Following a Kantian style of inquiry, we identified four definitional characteristics of tailorable technology: a dual design perspective, user engagement, recognizable environments, and component architectures. From these characteristics, we propose nine design principles that will support the phenomenon of tailoring. Through a year-long case study, we refined and evidenced the principles, finding found that designers of tailorable technologies build environments in which users can both interact and engage with the technology, supporting the proposed design principles. The findings highlight a distinction between a reflective environment, where users recognize and imagine uses for the technology, and an active environment in which users tailor the technology in accordance with the imagined uses. This research contributes to the clarification of the role of theory in design science, expands the concept of "possibilities for action " to IS design, and proposes a design theory of a class of information systems for testing and refinement.
System Theory: Overview of Core Concepts, Extensions, and Challenges for the Future
- Journal of the Association for Information Systems
"... ur na l o f t he A ss oc ia tio n fo r I nf or m ..."
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Co-creation: Towards a taxonomy and an integrated research perspective
- report | TNO 2012 R11277 Making User Created News Work 113 / 130 APPENDIX A – LIST OF PARTICIPANTS OF EXPERT WORKSHOP, INTERVIEWS AND ADVISORY GROUP WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS Beukers, Jorien
, 2010
"... Abstract: Enabled by the Internet-Web compound, co‑creation of value by consumers has emerged as a major force in the marketplace. In sponsored co‑creation, which takes place at the behest of producers, the activities of consumers drive or support the producers’ business models. Autonomous co‑creati ..."
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Abstract: Enabled by the Internet-Web compound, co‑creation of value by consumers has emerged as a major force in the marketplace. In sponsored co‑creation, which takes place at the behest of producers, the activities of consumers drive or support the producers’ business models. Autonomous co‑creation is a wide range of consumer activities that amount to consumer-side production of value. Thus, individuals and communities have become a significant, and growing, productive force in e‑commerce. To recognize co‑creation, so broadly understood, as a fundamental area of e‑commerce research, it is necessary to attain an integrated research perspective on this greatly varied, yet cohering, domain. The enabling information technology needs to be developed to suit the context. Toward these ends, the paper analyzes the intellectual space underlying co‑creation research and proposes an inclusive taxonomy of Web-based co‑creation, informed both by the extant multidisciplinary research and by results obtained in the natural laboratory of the Web. The essential directions of co‑creation research are outlined, and some promising avenues of future work discussed. The taxonomic framework and the research perspective lay a foundation for the future development of co‑creation theory and practice. The certainty of
2006a. Do CRM systems cause one-to-one marketing effectiveness
- Statistical Science
"... Abstract. This article provides an assessment of the causal effect of customer relationship management (CRM) applications on one-to-one marketing effectiveness. We use a potential outcomes based propensity score approach to assess this causal effect. We find that firms using CRM systems have greater ..."
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Cited by 10 (9 self)
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Abstract. This article provides an assessment of the causal effect of customer relationship management (CRM) applications on one-to-one marketing effectiveness. We use a potential outcomes based propensity score approach to assess this causal effect. We find that firms using CRM systems have greater levels of one-to-one marketing effectiveness. We discuss the strengths and challenges of using the propensity score approach to design and execute CRM related observational studies. We also discuss the applicability of the framework in this paper to study typical causal questions in business and electronic commerce research at the firm, individual and economy levels, and to clarify the assumptions that researchers must make to infer causality from observational data. Key words and phrases: Causal analysis, potential outcomes, propensity score, matching estimator, customer relationship management systems, electronic commerce. 1.
2009. From association to causation via a potential outcomes approach
- Informat. Systems Res
"... doi 10.1287/isre.1080.0184 ..."
Coordination in co-located agile software development projects
- Journal of Systems and
, 2012
"... This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or sel ..."
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Cited by 7 (0 self)
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This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier’s archiving and manuscript policies are
