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11
Conscious and nonconscious processes: Implications for self-determination theory
- Canadian Psychology
, 2008
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Subliminal priming of motivational orientation in educational settings: Effect on academic performance moderated by mindfulness
- Journal of Research in Personality
, 2009
"... Moderation of primed motivation by mindfulness 2 Recent literature indicates that a motivational orientation can be unconsciously primed. This study examined whether motivational priming influences students ’ academic performance within an educational setting and whether this effect is moderated by ..."
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Moderation of primed motivation by mindfulness 2 Recent literature indicates that a motivational orientation can be unconsciously primed. This study examined whether motivational priming influences students ’ academic performance within an educational setting and whether this effect is moderated by students ’ degree of mindfulness. Two randomly assigned groups of students received an identical lesson. However, the teacher’s slideshow contained different subliminal words according to the condition (autonomous vs. controlled motivation). Results demonstrated an interaction between students ’ dispositional mindfulness and priming conditions. The more mindful students were immune to the hal-00390355, version 1- 2 Jun 2009 manipulation whereas the less mindful students were affected by the priming: those primed with autonomous motivation obtained better results than those primed with controlled motivation. These findings contribute to priming research specifying individual differences of priming responsiveness.
From conceptualization to operationalization of mindfulness
- In Handbook of Mindfulness
, 2014
"... To study a phenomenon scientifically, it must be appropriately described and measured. How mindfulness is conceptualized and assessed has considerable importance for mindfulness science, and perhaps in part because of this, these two issues have been among the most contentious in the field. In recog ..."
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To study a phenomenon scientifically, it must be appropriately described and measured. How mindfulness is conceptualized and assessed has considerable importance for mindfulness science, and perhaps in part because of this, these two issues have been among the most contentious in the field. In recognition of the growing scientific and clinical interest in mindfulness, a number of textual scholars of mindfulness have in recent years made efforts to describe and explain the meaning of mindfulness within one or more Buddhist traditions (e.g.,
Adaptive neural reward processing during anticipation and receipt of monetary rewards inmindfulness meditators.
- Soc. Cogn. Affect.
, 2014
"... Reward seeking is ubiquitous and adaptive in humans. But excessive reward seeking behavior, such as chasing monetary rewards, may lead to diminished subjective well-being. This study examined whether individuals trained in mindfulness meditation show neural evidence of lower susceptibility to monet ..."
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Reward seeking is ubiquitous and adaptive in humans. But excessive reward seeking behavior, such as chasing monetary rewards, may lead to diminished subjective well-being. This study examined whether individuals trained in mindfulness meditation show neural evidence of lower susceptibility to monetary rewards. Seventy-eight participants (34 meditators, 44 matched controls) completed the monetary incentive delay task while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. The groups performed equally on the task, but meditators showed lower neural activations in the caudate nucleus during reward anticipation, and elevated bilateral posterior insula activation during reward anticipation. Meditators also evidenced reduced activations in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex during reward receipt compared with controls. Connectivity parameters between the right caudate and bilateral anterior insula were attenuated in meditators during incentive anticipation. In summary, brain regions involved in reward processingboth during reward anticipation and receipt of rewardresponded differently in mindfulness meditators than in nonmeditators, indicating that the former are less susceptible to monetary incentives.
Metacognitive model of mindfulness
- Consciousness and cognition
, 2014
"... a b s t r a c t Mindfulness training has proven to be an efficacious therapeutic tool for a variety of clinical and nonclinical health problems and a booster of well-being. In this paper we propose a multi-level metacognitive model of mindfulness. We postulate and discuss following hypothesis: (1) ..."
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a b s t r a c t Mindfulness training has proven to be an efficacious therapeutic tool for a variety of clinical and nonclinical health problems and a booster of well-being. In this paper we propose a multi-level metacognitive model of mindfulness. We postulate and discuss following hypothesis: (1) mindfulness is related to the highest level of metacognition; (2) mindfulness depends on dynamic cooperation of three main components of the metacognition (metacognitive knowledge, metacognitive experiences and metacognitive skills); (3) a mindful meta-level is always conscious while the other meta-cognitive processes can occur implicitly; (4) intentionally practiced mindfulness decreases dissociations between awareness and meta-awareness; (5) components of mindful meta-level develop and change during continuous practice. The current model is discussed in the light of empirical data and other theoretical approaches to mindfulness concept. We believe that presented model provides some helpful avenues for future research and theoretical investigations into mindfulness and the mechanisms of its actions.
BY
, 2009
"... “The true joy lies in the journey and not the destination.” I have been most fortunate to have experienced a tremendous amount of support and guidance along this often circuitous, tedious and yet most amazing journey of discovery and knowledge towards the final destination of PhD. I have often compa ..."
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“The true joy lies in the journey and not the destination.” I have been most fortunate to have experienced a tremendous amount of support and guidance along this often circuitous, tedious and yet most amazing journey of discovery and knowledge towards the final destination of PhD. I have often compared this adventure to arriving in a foreign land; lost without a passport and not speaking the language. I am blessed with the world’s best mentor: Dr. Ruth Lindquist. She is as brilliant as she is beautiful and her support, advice and guidance were truly priceless. She has been leading me along this path for greater than a decade; since my days as an undergraduate student. I am humbled to know her and am grateful to have been her doctoral student. Her sense of adventure and great sense of humor made this tiring journey fun. Her ability to wordsmith and edit made the writing of this dissertation much easier. I had a wonderful and eclectic mix of expertise and background in my committee members and each person’s perspective played an important role in the shaping of this research study. Dr. Cynthia Peden-McAlpine, instilled in me the critical importance of looking at the issue from many different angles; and Dr. Mary Jo Kreitzer, with expertise in mindfulness helped me
Does Mindfulness Cultivate Social Connectedness? A Narrative Review on a Novel Modality of Social Emotional Learning
"... The previous decade has witnessed an explosion of mindfulness research in Western psychology. Although most research has been conducted in behavioral medicine and cognitive behavior therapy, only recently have researchers begun investigation into associations between mindfulness and social connected ..."
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The previous decade has witnessed an explosion of mindfulness research in Western psychology. Although most research has been conducted in behavioral medicine and cognitive behavior therapy, only recently have researchers begun investigation into associations between mindfulness and social connectedness. This paper conducted a literature review of fourteen empirical studies on this subject, all with nonclinical population. Findings are: (a) correlational studies demonstrated consistent, moderate positive correlations between mindfulness and connectedness (e.g., relatedness, empathy, compassion); (b) there was also a moderate positive correlation between mindfulness and satisfaction in romantic relationship; (c) interventions modeled after Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR; Kabat-Zinn, 1990) demonstrated positive effects on connectedness (e.g., empathy, spirituality, forgiveness); (d) a mindfulness-based intervention for relationship enhancement (MBRE) confirmed its efficacy in relationship functioning and individual well-being; and (e) no intervention research demonstrated the mediating effect of mindfulness on social outcomes. Future directions are discussed in terms of measurement and research design.
EXAMINING THE MINDFULNESS – STRESS RESISTANCE RELATION: THE MEDIATIONAL ROLE OF AUTONOMY
, 2009
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Title: Making concrete construals mindful: A novel approach for developing mindfulness and self-compassion to assist weight loss
"... Abstract Research on the usefulness of mindfulness and self-compassion for dieting has focused on meditative practices. However, meditation can be difficult to maintain, especially while dieting. Thus, the present research attempted to induce mindfulness and self-compassion by using food diaries th ..."
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Abstract Research on the usefulness of mindfulness and self-compassion for dieting has focused on meditative practices. However, meditation can be difficult to maintain, especially while dieting. Thus, the present research attempted to induce mindfulness and self-compassion by using food diaries that required the participant to either focus on concrete (i.e., how they are eating) construals or abstract (i.e., why they are eating) construals. The concrete construals were expected to increase mindfulness and self-compassion, as well as decrease avoidance and negative thoughts (which would further aid the development of mindfulness and self-compassion). Study 1 found that mindfulness and self-compassion mediated the inverse relationship of avoidance and negative thoughts with weight loss. Study 2 showed that concrete construal diaries increased mindfulness and self-compassion, decreased avoidance and negative thoughts, and supported weight loss significantly more than the abstract construal diaries. Study 3, then, compared the concrete construal diaries with a mindful self-compassionate meditation programme. There was no difference in weight loss at the end of the intervention, but at a three-month follow-up, the diaries performed better at weight maintenance. Thus, the concrete construal diaries may promote mindfulness and self-compassion and potentially promote long-term weight loss.
