While developing the software of a browser-operated educational CD-ROM, we had to face a number of problems. This paper presents these problems and the solutions we found. Amusingly, most of our solutions rely on continuations. Are browsers and multimedia the future of continuations?

. The internet is rapidly becoming the first place for researchers to publish documents, but at present they receive little support in searching, tracking, analyzing or debating concepts in a literature from scholarly perspectives. This paper describes the design rationale and implementation of ScholOnto, an ontology-based digital library server to support scholarly interpretation and discourse. It enables researchers to describe and debate via a semantic network the contributions a document makes, and its relationship to the literature. The paper discusses the computational services that an ontology-based server supports, alternative user interfaces to support interaction with a large semantic network, usability issues associated with knowledge formalization, new work practices that could emerge, and related work. 2 1 Introduction It is becoming standard practice for researchers to publish their documents on the internet (or intranets), via personal, institutional and discipline-spe...

Abstract: This paper describes an approach to capturing organisational memory, which serves to ground an analysis of human issues that knowledge management (KM) technologies raise. In the approach presented, teams construct graphical webs of the arguments and documents relating to key issues they are facing. This supports collaborative processes which are central to knowledge work, and provides a group memory of this intellectual investment. This approach emphasises the centrality of negotiation in making interdisciplinary decisions in a changing environment. Discussion in the paper focuses on key human dimensions to KM technologies, including the cognitive and group dynamics set up by an approach, the general problem of preserving contextual cues, and the political dimensions to formalising knowledge processes and products. These analyses strongly motivate the adoption of participatory design processes for KM systems. Key Words: organisational memory, knowledge management, argumentation, participatory design, knowledge-based systems, collaborative systems

Cooperative work typically involves both individual and group activities. Computer support for perspectives allows people to view and work in a central information repository within personal contexts. However, work in personal perspectives encourages divergent thinking. Negotiation in group perspectives is needed to converge on consensus, shared understanding, and cooperation. Negotiation processes on their own can delay progress. By intertwining perspective and negotiation mechanisms, individual results can be systematically merged into a group product while work continues. Personal perspectives on shared information are thereby intertwined and merged into a shared group understanding. WEBGUIDE is a prototype system that integrates perspective and negotiation mechanisms; its user interface has been mocked up in detail to work out the many issues involved. We have begun to use partial implementations of WEBGUIDE to support cooperative intellectual work in small research groups.

this paper,

. This paper is concerned with tracking and interpreting scholarly documents in

This paper presents a framework in which existing hypermedia usability research can be applied to the World Wide Web (web) to assist individuals to find the information they need and to help web authors present their information more e#ectively. The paper first examines the relationship between the assumptions underlying usability research and the way in which the web is built, maintained and used in practice. It is concluded that the web cannot realistically be considered as a single hypermedia structure to which usability research can directly be applied. Nonetheless, it is argued that, if the web is to be a major information source for the future, it must be desirable to increase the e#ectiveness of its use wherever possible. Thus, it is appropriate to study the results obtained from usability 67

does not always come with a storybook ending. The Hatter went on in a mournful tone, “And ever since then, time won’t do a thing that I ask! It’s always six o’clock now. ” A bright idea came into Alice’s head. “Is that the reason so many tea-things are put out here? ” she asked. “Yes, that’s it, ” said the Hatter with a sigh: “It’s always tea-time, and we’ve no time to wash the things between whiles. ” “Then, you keep moving round, I suppose? ” said Alice. “Exactly so, ” said the Hatter: “as the things get used up. ” “But, what happens when you come to the beginning again? ” Alice ventured to ask. “Suppose we change the subject, ” the March Hare interrupted [5]. Frequent prototyping during our early efforts to build a Web information system (WIS) reminded us of the Hatter’s comment, “it’s always tea-time …” We often changed design strategies to take advantage of ever-changing Web technologies, making it difficult to move forward with “no time to wash the things between whiles. ” Also, the advent of easy-touse Web authoring and management tools increased the desire for instant publishing, thereby trivializing the need for careful planning, foresight, and a systematic design methodology. WIS designers must resolve issues of authoring, organizing, managing, and delivering large amounts of unstructured and timely information via the Web. They currently must integrate a myriad of thirdparty products with the Web. This article describes how we used a systematic design methodology and document management facilities to offset Web deficiencies in constructing a large-scale authoring and publishing system. The marriage of document management and Web technologies experienced problems and compromises.

The web implementation model is based on a low level technology and does not provide abstractions for capturing higher level design-concepts, therefor design decisions are difficult to track in an implementation, so that maintenance becomes a difficult and error-prone task. In this paper we introduce the WebComposition system addressing this problem. This system is based on a fine-grained object-oriented web application model. Services are logical units or business processes represented as groups of WebComposition components. The automatic creation for this class of components is possible using service factories, which are modeled on creational design patterns. Service factories enhance the planning for the evolution of the overall structure of large-scale web sites. WebComposition maintains access to all resources throughout the lifecycle for management and maintenance activities. Modifications of the model are made effective in the web by incrementally mapping the model to filebased resources.

The Internet has dramatically changed how people sell and buy goods. In recent years we have seen the emergence of electronic marketplaces that leverage information technology to create more efficient markets (e.g., online auctions) to bring together buyers and sellers with greater effectiveness at a massive scale. Despite the growing interest in and importance of such marketplaces, our understanding of how the design of the marketplace affects its use is still quite limited. This paper presents a detailed case study of a currently operational massive scale online auction marketplace. The main focus is to gain initial insights into the effects of the design of the marketplace. The results of the study point to several important considerations and implications not only for the design of online marketplaces but also for the design of large-scale websites where effective locating of information is key to user success. Keywords Electronic Marketplaces, Massive Scale Online Auctions, Online Market Design, Market Technostructure, Market Navigation, Item Display, Information Overload