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15
Sapsm: Smart adaptive 802.11 psm for smartphones
- In Proc. UbiComp 2012, ACM Press(2012
"... Effective WiFi power management can strongly impact the energy consumption on Smartphones. Through controlled experiments, we find that WiFi power management on a wide variety of Smartphones is a largely autonomous process that is processed completely at the driver level. Driver level implementation ..."
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Effective WiFi power management can strongly impact the energy consumption on Smartphones. Through controlled experiments, we find that WiFi power management on a wide variety of Smartphones is a largely autonomous process that is processed completely at the driver level. Driver level implementations suffer from the limitation that important power management decisions can be made only by observing packets at the MAC layer. This approach has the unfortunate side effect that each application has equal opportunity to impact WiFi power management to consume more energy, since distinguishing between applications is not feasible at the MAC layer. The power cost difference between WiFi power modes is high (a factor of 20 times when idle), therefore determining which applications are permitted to impact WiFi power management is an important and relevant problem. In this paper we propose SAPSM: Smart Adaptive Power Save Mode. SAPSM labels each application with a priority with the assistance of a machine learning classifier. Only high priority applications affect the client’s behavior to switch to CAM or Active mode, while low priority traffic is optimized for energy efficiency. Our implementation on an Android Smartphone improves energy savings by up to 56% under typical usage patterns.
SloMo: Downclocking WiFi Communication
"... As manufacturers continue to improve the energy efficiency of battery-powered wireless devices, WiFi has become one of—if not the—most significant power draws. Hence, modern devices fastidiously manage their radios, shifting into low-power listening or sleep states whenever possible. The fundamental ..."
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As manufacturers continue to improve the energy efficiency of battery-powered wireless devices, WiFi has become one of—if not the—most significant power draws. Hence, modern devices fastidiously manage their radios, shifting into low-power listening or sleep states whenever possible. The fundamental limitation with this approach, however, is that the radio is incapable of transmitting or receiving unless it is fully powered. Unfortunately, applications found on today’s wireless devices often require frequent access to the channel. We observe, however, that many of these same applications have relatively low bandwidth requirements. Leveraging the inherent sparsity in Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) modulation, we propose a transceiver design based on compressive sensing that allows WiFi devices to operate their radios at lower clock rates when receiving and transmitting at low bit rates, thus consuming less power. We have implemented our 802.11b-based design in a software radio platform, and show that it seamlessly interacts with existing WiFi deployments. Our prototype remains fully functional when the clock rate is reduced by a factor of five, potentially reducing power consumption by over 30%. 1
EnergyBox: A Trace-Driven Tool for Data Transmission Energy Consumption Studies
- in Proceedings of the International Conference on Energy Efficiency in Large Scale Distributed Systems (EE-LSDS 2013), Lecture Notes in Computer Science
, 2013
"... Abstract. Although evolving mobile technologies bring millions of users closer to the vision of information anywhere-anytime, device battery de-pletions hamper the quality of experience to a great extent. We argue that the design of energy-efficient solutions starts by energy-awareness and propose E ..."
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Abstract. Although evolving mobile technologies bring millions of users closer to the vision of information anywhere-anytime, device battery de-pletions hamper the quality of experience to a great extent. We argue that the design of energy-efficient solutions starts by energy-awareness and propose EnergyBox, a tool that provides accurate and repeatable en-ergy consumption studies for 3G and WiFi transmissions at the user end. We recognize that the energy consumption of data transmission is highly dependable on the traffic pattern, and provide the means for trace-based iterative packet-driven simulation to derive the operation states of wire-less interfaces. The strength of EnergyBox is that it allows to modularly set the 3G network parameters specified at operator level, the adaptive power save mode mechanism for a WiFi device, and the different power levels of the operation states for different handheld devices. EnergyBox enables efficient energy consumption studies using real data, which com-plements the device-dependent laborious physical power measurements. Using real application transmission traces, we have validated EnergyBox showing an accuracy range of 94-99 % for 3G and 93-99 % for WiFi com-pared to the real measured energy consumption by a 3G modem and a smartphone with WiFi.
Energy-Efficient Sleep Scheduling for Delay-Constrained Applications Over WLANs
"... Abstract—In wireless local area networks (WLANs), switching of the nodes to low-power sleep mode to save energy is common. However, if sleep time is not properly scheduled, significant delays can occur, which is undesirable in delay-constrained applications. In this paper, we propose a novel energy- ..."
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Abstract—In wireless local area networks (WLANs), switching of the nodes to low-power sleep mode to save energy is common. However, if sleep time is not properly scheduled, significant delays can occur, which is undesirable in delay-constrained applications. In this paper, we propose a novel energy-efficient sleep-scheduling protocol for maximizing the sleep time lengths of each node while satisfying the delay constraints. We first consider the single-user case and present the basic steps that the node takes to decide when and how long it can sleep. For the multiuser scenario, to mitigate channel contention in packet downloading after sleeping, the sleep schedules requested by the nodes are coordinated by the access point (AP) to avoid overlapping active epochs. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed sleep-scheduling algorithm achieves lower loss rate while achieving higher energy efficiency than that of the existing GreenCall method. Index Terms—Delay-constrained applications, energy effi-ciency, sleep scheduling, wireless local area networks (WLANs). I.
3G Energy-efficient Packet Handling Kernel Module for Android
, 2012
"... Detta dokument hålls tillgängligt på Internet – eller dess framtida ersättare – under en längre tid från publiceringsdatum under förutsättning att inga extra-ordinära omständigheter uppstår. Tillgång till dokumentet innebär tillstånd för var och en att läsa, ladda ner, skriva ut enstaka kopior för e ..."
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Detta dokument hålls tillgängligt på Internet – eller dess framtida ersättare – under en längre tid från publiceringsdatum under förutsättning att inga extra-ordinära omständigheter uppstår. Tillgång till dokumentet innebär tillstånd för var och en att läsa, ladda ner, skriva ut enstaka kopior för enskilt bruk och att använda det oförändrat för ickekommersiell forskning och för undervisning. Överföring av upphovsrätten vid en senare tidpunkt kan inte upphäva detta tillstånd. All annan användning av dokumentet kräver upphovsmannens medgivande. För att garantera äktheten, säkerheten och tillgängligheten finns det lösningar av teknisk och administrativ art. Upphovsmannens ideella rätt innefattar rätt att bli nämnd som upphovsman i den omfattning som god sed kräver vid användning av dokumentet på ovan beskrivna sätt samt skydd mot att dokumentet ändras eller presenteras i sådan form eller i sådant sammanhang som är kränkande för upphovsmannens litterära eller konstnärliga anseende eller egenart. För ytterligare information om Linköping University Electronic Press se förlagets hemsida
A.A.F.: A picture of present ubicomp research exploring publications from important events in the field
- Journal of Applied Computing Research
, 2012
"... Abstract. In this work we use a dataset of papers published in top conferences focused on ubiquitous computing (ubicomp) to provide an overview and analysis of recent ubiquitous computing research performed internationally and in Brazil. The contributions of this study are twofold. First, we extract ..."
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Abstract. In this work we use a dataset of papers published in top conferences focused on ubiquitous computing (ubicomp) to provide an overview and analysis of recent ubiquitous computing research performed internationally and in Brazil. The contributions of this study are twofold. First, we extracted useful information from our dataset such as representativeness of authors and institutions, and the formation of communities. Second, we analyzed all papers published between 2010 and 2011 in all top international conferences, creating a taxonomy of recent ubicomp research performed internationally. After that we mapped SBCUP papers (Brazilian ubicomp conference) according to this taxonomy, which enables the comparison of international and national research. This study is useful to guide novices in the field and it also provides experienced researchers with facts enabling the discussion of ubicomp research.
Watts2Share: Energy-Aware Traffic Consolidation
"... Abstract—Energy consumption is becoming the Achilles ’ heel of the mobile user quality of experience partly due to undisciplined use of the cellular (3G) transmissions by applications. The operator infrastructure is typically configured for peak performance, whereas during periods of underutilisatio ..."
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Abstract—Energy consumption is becoming the Achilles ’ heel of the mobile user quality of experience partly due to undisciplined use of the cellular (3G) transmissions by applications. The operator infrastructure is typically configured for peak performance, whereas during periods of underutilisation the handsets pay the price by staying in high energy states even if each application only uses a fraction of the maximum available bandwidth. In this paper we promote a bi-radio scenario where instead of independently using own cellular connections, several users share a single cellular link offered by one member of a coalition (a rotating aggregator). We present Watts2Share, an architecture for energy-aware traffic consolidation whereby group members’ data flows transmitted through a second radio (e.g., WiFi) are aggregated by the aggregator and retransmitted through the cellular link. Through careful and repeatable studies we demonstrate that this scheme saves up to 68 % of the total transmission energy in handsets compared to a pure 3G scenario. The studies are based on a wide range of real traffic traces and real cellular operator settings, and further illustrate that this scheme reduces the overall energy by reducing the signalling overhead, as well as extending the lifetime of all handsets. Index Terms—traffic consolidation; bandwidth sharing; 3G; WiFi; SoftAP;
Unleashing Exposed Terminals in Enterprise WLANs: A Rate Adaptation Approach
"... Abstract—The increasing availability of inexpensive off-the-shelf 802.11 hardware has made it possible to deploy access points (APs) densely to ensure the coverage of complex enterprise environments such as business and college campuses. However, dense AP deployment often leads to increased level of ..."
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Abstract—The increasing availability of inexpensive off-the-shelf 802.11 hardware has made it possible to deploy access points (APs) densely to ensure the coverage of complex enterprise environments such as business and college campuses. However, dense AP deployment often leads to increased level of wireless contention, resulting in low system throughput. A promising approach to address this issue is to enable the transmission concurrency of exposed terminals in which two senders lie in the range of one another but do not interfere each other’s receiver. However, existing solutions ignore the rate diversity of 802.11 and hence cannot fully exploit concurrent transmission opportunities in a WLAN. In this paper, we present TRACK – Transmission Rate Adaptation for Colliding linKs, a novel protocol for harnessing exposed terminals with a rate adaptation approach in enterprise WLANs. Using measurement-based channel models, TRACK can optimize the bit rates of concurrent links to improve system throughput while maintaining link fairness. Our extensive experiments on a testbed of 17 nodes show that TRACK improves system throughput by up to 67 % and 35 % over 802.11 CSMA and conventional approaches of harnessing exposed terminals. I.
Towards End-User Driven Power Saving Control in Android Devices
- In Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Next Generation Wired/Wireless Advanced Networking
, 2014
"... Abstract. During the last decade mobile communications increasingly became part of people’s daily routine. Such usage raises new challenges regarding devices ’ battery lifetime management when using most popu-lar wireless access technologies, such as IEEE 802.11. This paper investi-gates the energy/ ..."
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Abstract. During the last decade mobile communications increasingly became part of people’s daily routine. Such usage raises new challenges regarding devices ’ battery lifetime management when using most popu-lar wireless access technologies, such as IEEE 802.11. This paper investi-gates the energy/delay trade-off of using an end-user driven power saving approach, when compared with the standard IEEE 802.11 power saving algorithms. The assessment was conducted in a real testbed using an An-droid mobile phone and high-precision energy measurement hardware. The results show clear energy benefits of employing user-driven power saving techniques, when compared with other standard approaches.
1Experimenting with Commodity 802.11 Hardware: Overview and Future Directions
"... Abstract—The huge adoption of 802.11 technologies has trig-gered a vast amount of experimentally-driven research works. These works range from performance analysis to protocol en-hancements, including the proposal of novel applications and ser-vices. Due to the affordability of the technology, this ..."
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Abstract—The huge adoption of 802.11 technologies has trig-gered a vast amount of experimentally-driven research works. These works range from performance analysis to protocol en-hancements, including the proposal of novel applications and ser-vices. Due to the affordability of the technology, this experimental research is typically based on commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) devices, and given the rate at which 802.11 releases new standards (which are adopted into new, affordable devices), the field is likely to continue to produce results. In this paper, we review and categorise the most prevalent works carried out with 802.11 COTS devices over the past fifteen years, to present a timely snapshot of the areas that have attracted to most attention so far, though a taxonomy that distinguishes between performance studies, enhancements, services and methodology. In this way, we provide a quick overview of the results achieved by the research community that enables prospective authors to identify potential areas of new research, some of which are discussed after the presentation of the survey. Index Terms—Wireless LAN, 802.11, Experimentation, Com-mercial Off-The-Shelf
