Results 1 - 10 of 612

Image retrieval: ideas, influences, and trends of the new age

by Ritendra Datta, Dhiraj Joshi, Jia Li, James Z. Wang - ACM COMPUTING SURVEYS , 2008
"... We have witnessed great interest and a wealth of promise in content-based image retrieval as an emerging technology. While the last decade laid foundation to such promise, it also paved the way for a large number of new techniques and systems, got many new people involved, and triggered stronger ass ..."
Abstract - Cited by 464 (13 self) - Add to MetaCart
We have witnessed great interest and a wealth of promise in content-based image retrieval as an emerging technology. While the last decade laid foundation to such promise, it also paved the way for a large number of new techniques and systems, got many new people involved, and triggered stronger association of weakly related fields. In this article, we survey almost 300 key theoretical and empirical contributions in the current decade related to image retrieval and automatic image annotation, and in the process discuss the spawning of related subfields. We also discuss significant challenges involved in the adaptation of existing image retrieval techniques to build systems that can be useful in the real world. In retrospect of what has been achieved so far, we also conjecture what the future may hold for image retrieval research.

the review on

by Manoj Kumar Pandey, Æ Reena Rani, Æ Suraksha Agrawal, Immunotherapy Æ Immunoglobulin (ivig - D0 −D0 Mixing” in this Review
"... Abstract Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is de-fined as three or more consecutive pregnancy losses prior to the 20th week of gestation. The etiology of recurrent spontaneous abortion is often unclear and may be multifactorial, with much controversy regarding diag-nosis and treatment. Reasonably ..."
Abstract - Cited by 360 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is de-fined as three or more consecutive pregnancy losses prior to the 20th week of gestation. The etiology of recurrent spontaneous abortion is often unclear and may be multifactorial, with much controversy regarding diag-nosis and treatment. Reasonably accepted etiologic causes include, genetics, anatomical, endocrine, placen-tal anomalies, hormonal problems, infection, smoking and alcohol consumption, exposure to environmental factors, psychological trauma and stressful life event, certain coagulation and immunoregulatory protein de-fects. Detection of an abnormality in any of these areas may result into specific therapeutic measures, with varying degrees of success. However, the majority of cases of RSA remains unexplained and is found to be associated with certain autoimmune (APA, ANA, ACA, ATA, AECA) and alloimmune (APCA, Ab2, MLR-Bf) antibodies that may play major role in the immunologic failure of pregnancy and may lead to abortion. Alter-ation in the expression of HLA-G molecules, T-helper-1 (Th-1) pattern of cytokines and natural killer (NK) cells activity may also induce abortion. Various forms of treatment like antithrombotic therapies such as aspirin and heparin, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) ther-apy, immunotherapy with paternal lymphocytes and vitamin D3 therapy are effective mode of treatment for unexplained cause of fetal loss in women with RSA.
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Unified segmentation

by John Ashburner, Karl J. Friston , 2005
"... A probabilistic framework is presented that enables image registration, tissue classification, and bias correction to be combined within the same generative model. A derivation of a log-likelihood objective function for the unified model is provided. The model is based on a mixture of Gaussians and ..."
Abstract - Cited by 302 (11 self) - Add to MetaCart
A probabilistic framework is presented that enables image registration, tissue classification, and bias correction to be combined within the same generative model. A derivation of a log-likelihood objective function for the unified model is provided. The model is based on a mixture of Gaussians and is extended to incorporate a smooth intensity variation and nonlinear registration with tissue probability maps. A strategy for optimising the model parameters is described, along with the requisite partial derivatives of the objective function.

Simultaneous Truth and Performance Level Estimation (STAPLE): An Algorithm for the Validation of Image Segmentation

by Simon K. Warfield, Kelly H. Zou, William M. Wells - IEEE TRANS. MED. IMAG , 2004
"... Characterizing the performance of image segmentation approaches has been a persistent challenge. Performance analysis is important since segmentation algorithms often have limited accuracy and precision. Interactive drawing of the desired segmentation by human raters has often been the only acceptab ..."
Abstract - Cited by 239 (20 self) - Add to MetaCart
Characterizing the performance of image segmentation approaches has been a persistent challenge. Performance analysis is important since segmentation algorithms often have limited accuracy and precision. Interactive drawing of the desired segmentation by human raters has often been the only acceptable approach, and yet suffers from intrarater and inter-rater variability. Automated algorithms have been sought in order to remove the variability introduced by raters, but such algorithms must be assessed to ensure they are suitable for the task. The performance of raters...
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Advances in functional and structural mr image analysis and implementation as fsl

by Stephen M. Smith, Mark Jenkinson, Mark W. Woolrich, Christian F. Beckmann, Timothy E. J. Behrens, Heidi Johansen-berg, Peter R. Bannister, Marilena De Luca, Ivana Drobnjak, David E. Flitney, Rami K. Niazy, James Saunders, John Vickers, Yongyue Zhang, Nicola De Stefano, J. Michael Brady, Paul M. Matthews - NeuroImage , 2004
"... The techniques available for the interrogation and analysis of neuroimaging data have a large influence in determining the flexibility, sensitivity and scope of neuroimaging experiments. The development of such methodologies has allowed investigators to address scientific questions which could not p ..."
Abstract - Cited by 233 (6 self) - Add to MetaCart
The techniques available for the interrogation and analysis of neuroimaging data have a large influence in determining the flexibility, sensitivity and scope of neuroimaging experiments. The development of such methodologies has allowed investigators to address scientific questions which could not previously be answered and, as such, has become an important research area in its own right. In this paper, we present a review of the research carried out by the Analysis Group at the Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB). This research has focussed on the development of new methodologies for the analysis of both structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging data. The majority of the research laid out in this paper has been implemented as freely available software tools within FMRIB’s Software Library (FSL). 1
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Content-based image retrieval: approaches and trends of the new age

by Ritendra Datta, Jia Li, James Z. Wang - In Proceedings ACM International Workshop on Multimedia Information Retrieval , 2005
"... The last decade has witnessed great interest in research on content-based image retrieval. This has paved the way for a large number of new techniques and systems, and a growing interest in associated fields to support such systems. Likewise, digital imagery has expanded its horizon in many directio ..."
Abstract - Cited by 88 (3 self) - Add to MetaCart
The last decade has witnessed great interest in research on content-based image retrieval. This has paved the way for a large number of new techniques and systems, and a growing interest in associated fields to support such systems. Likewise, digital imagery has expanded its horizon in many directions, resulting in an explosion in the volume of image data required to be organized. In this paper, we discuss some of the key contributions in the current decade related to image retrieval and automated image annotation, spanning 120 references. We also discuss some of the key challenges involved in the adaptation of existing image retrieval techniques to build useful systems that can handle real-world data. We conclude with a study on the trends in volume and impact of publications in the field with respect to venues/journals and sub-topics.
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Open Access Series of Imaging Studies (OASIS): cross-sectional MRI data in young, middle aged, nondemented, and demented older adults

by Daniel S. Marcus, Tracy H. Wang, Jamie Parker, John G. Csernansky, John C. Morris, Y L. Buckner - Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , 2007
"... & The Open Access Series of Imaging Studies is a series of mag-netic resonance imaging data sets that is publicly available for study and analysis. The initial data set consists of a cross-sectional collection of 416 subjects aged 18 to 96 years. One hundred of the included subjects older than 6 ..."
Abstract - Cited by 59 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
& The Open Access Series of Imaging Studies is a series of mag-netic resonance imaging data sets that is publicly available for study and analysis. The initial data set consists of a cross-sectional collection of 416 subjects aged 18 to 96 years. One hundred of the included subjects older than 60 years have been clinically diagnosed with very mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease. The subjects are all right-handed and include both men and women. For each subject, three or four individual T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans obtained in single imaging sessions are included. Multiple within-session acquisitions provide extremely high contrast-to-noise ratio, making the data amenable to a wide range of analytic approaches including automated computational analysis. Additionally, a reliability data set is included containing 20 subjects without dementia imaged on a subsequent visit within 90 days of their initial session. Automated calculation of whole-brain volume and estimated total intracranial volume are presented to demonstrate use of the data for measuring differ-ences associated with normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease. &
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Hidden Markov measure field models for image segmentation

by Jose L. Marroquin, Edgar Arce Santana, Salvador Botello - IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence , 2003
"... Abstract—Parametric image segmentation consists of finding a label field that defines a partition of an image into a set of nonoverlapping regions and the parameters of the models that describe the variation of some property within each region. A new Bayesian formulation for the solution of this pro ..."
Abstract - Cited by 58 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract—Parametric image segmentation consists of finding a label field that defines a partition of an image into a set of nonoverlapping regions and the parameters of the models that describe the variation of some property within each region. A new Bayesian formulation for the solution of this problem is presented, based on the key idea of using a doubly stochastic prior model for the label field, which allows one to find exact optimal estimators for both this field and the model parameters by the minimization of a differentiable function. An efficient minimization algorithm and comparisons with existing methods on synthetic images are presented, as well as examples of realistic applications to the segmentation of Magnetic Resonance volumes and to motion segmentation. Index Terms—Markov random fields, segmentation, motion. 1
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Aerobic exercise training increases brain volume in aging humans. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 61:1166–1170

by Stanley J. Colcombe, Kirk I. Erickson, Paige E. Scalf, Jenny S. Kim, Ruchika Prakash, Edward Mcauley, Steriani Elavsky, David X. Marquez, Liang Hu, Arthur F. Kramer - McAuley E, Elavsky S, Marquez DX, Hu L, Kramer AF , 2006
"... Background. The present study examined whether aerobic fitness training of older humans can increase brain volume in regions associated with age-related decline in both brain structure and cognition. Methods. Fifty-nine healthy but sedentary community-dwelling volunteers, aged 60–79 years, participa ..."
Abstract - Cited by 54 (5 self) - Add to MetaCart
Background. The present study examined whether aerobic fitness training of older humans can increase brain volume in regions associated with age-related decline in both brain structure and cognition. Methods. Fifty-nine healthy but sedentary community-dwelling volunteers, aged 60–79 years, participated in the 6-month randomized clinical trial. Half of the older adults served in the aerobic training group, the other half of the older adults participated in the toning and stretching control group. Twenty young adults served as controls for the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and did not participate in the exercise intervention. High spatial resolution estimates of gray and white matter volume, derived from 3D spoiled gradient recalled acquisition MRI images, were collected before and after the 6-month fitness intervention. Estimates of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2) were also obtained. Results. Significant increases in brain volume, in both gray and white matter regions, were found as a function of fitness training for the older adults who participated in the aerobic fitness training but not for the older adults who participated in the stretching and toning (nonaerobic) control group. As predicted, no significant changes in either gray or white matter volume were detected for our younger participants. Conclusions. These results suggest that cardiovascular fitness is associated with the sparing of brain tissue in aging humans. Furthermore, these results suggest a strong biological basis for the role of aerobic fitness in maintaining and enhancing central nervous system health and cognitive functioning in older adults.
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Anatomically related grey and white matter abnormalities in adolescent-onset schizophrenia

by Gwenae Lle Douaud, Stephen Smith, Mark Jenkinson, Timothy Behrens, Heidi Johansen-berg, Susan James, Natalie Voets, Kate Watkins, Paul M. Matthews, Anthony James - Brain 130 (Pt , 2007
"... Adolescent-onset schizophrenia provides an exceptional opportunity to explore the neuropathology of schizophrenia free from the potential confounds of prolonged periods of medication and disease interactions with age-related neurodegeneration.Our aimwas to investigate structural grey andwhitematter ..."
Abstract - Cited by 34 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
Adolescent-onset schizophrenia provides an exceptional opportunity to explore the neuropathology of schizophrenia free from the potential confounds of prolonged periods of medication and disease interactions with age-related neurodegeneration.Our aimwas to investigate structural grey andwhitematter abnormalities in adolescent-onset schizophrenia. Whole-brain voxel-wise investigation of both grey matter topography and white matter integrity (Fractional Anisotropy) were carried out on 25 adolescent-onset schizophrenic patients and 25 healthy adolescents.We employed a refined voxel-based morphometry-like approach for grey matter analysis and the recently introduced method of tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) for white matter analysis. Both kinds of studies revealed widespread abnormalities characterized by a lower fractional anisotropy neuro-anatomically associated with localized reduced greymatter in the schizophrenic group.The greymatter changes can either be interpreted as the result of a locally reduced cortical thickness or as a manifestation of different patterns of gyrification. There was a widespread reduction of anisotropy in the white matter, especially in the corpus callosum.We speculate that the anisotropy changes relate to the functional changes in brain connectivity that are thought to play a central role in the clinical expression of the disease.The distribution of grey matter changes was consistent with clinical features of the disease. For example, grey and white matter abnormalities found in the Heschl’s gyrus, the parietal operculum, left Broca’s area and the left arcuate fasciculus (similar to