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The Network Structure of Social Capital
- RESEARCH IN ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR (VOL
, 2000
"... This is a review of argument and evidence on the connection between social networks and social capital. My summary points are three: (1) Research and theory will better cumulate across studies if we focus on the network mechanisms responsible for social capital effects rather than trying to integrat ..."
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Cited by 359 (1 self)
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This is a review of argument and evidence on the connection between social networks and social capital. My summary points are three: (1) Research and theory will better cumulate across studies if we focus on the network mechanisms responsible for social capital effects rather than trying to integrate across metaphors of social capital loosely tied to distant empirical indicators. (2) There is an impressive diversity of empirical evidence showing that social capital is more a function of brokerage across structural holes than closure within a network, but there are contingency factors. (3) The two leading network mechanisms can be brought together in a productive way within a more general model of social capital Structural holes are the source of value added, but network closure can be essential to realizing the value buried in the holes.
Knowledge management enablers, processes, and organizational performance: an integrative view and empirical examination
- Journal of Management Information Systems
, 2003
"... Because of the increasing interests on knowledge management (KM), various researches have been accomplished. Many conceptual research frameworks have been proposed and thus empirical researches are required to provide practical benefits. However, most current empirical researches have dealt with the ..."
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Cited by 153 (3 self)
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Because of the increasing interests on knowledge management (KM), various researches have been accomplished. Many conceptual research frameworks have been proposed and thus empirical researches are required to provide practical benefits. However, most current empirical researches have dealt with the relationship of knowledge management enablers, processes or performance in isolation. Accordingly, an integrated view of knowledge management is missing and thus how to perform knowledge management to improve organizational performance is not clear. In order to alleviate these limitations of the previous researches, this study analyzes the current research frameworks and finds their relationships. An integrated research model is built by incorporating knowledge management processes into organizational performance. The model is tested empirically to investigate the relationship between knowledge management processes and enablers such as organizational structure, culture, and information technologies. The correlation between knowledge management processes and organizational creativity is also identified. Both non-financial and financial performance measures are adopted to measure the impact of knowledge management. The findings of this study imply that knowledge management processes are significant predictors for
Cultural Entrepreneurship: Stories, Legitimacy and the Acquisition of Resources
- Strategic Management Journal
, 2001
"... We define cultural entrepreneurship as the process of storytelling that mediates between extant stocks of entrepreneurial resources and subsequent capital acquisition and wealth creation. We propose a framework that focuses on how entrepreneurial stories facilitate the crafting of a new venture iden ..."
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Cited by 126 (3 self)
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We define cultural entrepreneurship as the process of storytelling that mediates between extant stocks of entrepreneurial resources and subsequent capital acquisition and wealth creation. We propose a framework that focuses on how entrepreneurial stories facilitate the crafting of a new venture identity that serves as a touchstone upon which legitimacy may be conferred by investors, competitors, and consumers, opening up access to new capital and market opportunities. Stories help create competitive advantage for entrepreneurs through focal content shaped by two key forms of entrepreneurial capital: firm-specific resource capital and industry-level institutional capital. We illustrate our ideas with anecdotal entrepreneurial stories that range from contemporary high-technology accounts to the evolution of the mutual fund industry. Propositions are offered to guide future empirical research based on our framework. Theoretically, we aim to extend recent efforts to synthesize strategic and institutional perspectives by incorporating insights from contemporary approaches to culture and organizational identity. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. It is a virtual truism that stories of entrepreneurs have long been celebrated in the media, trade
Network ties, reputation, and the financing of new ventures
- Management Science
, 2002
"... Explaining how entrepreneurs overcome information asymmetry between themselves and potential investors to obtain financing is an important issue for entrepreneurship research. Our premise is that economic explanations for venture finance, which do not consider how social ties influence this process, ..."
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Cited by 112 (0 self)
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Explaining how entrepreneurs overcome information asymmetry between themselves and potential investors to obtain financing is an important issue for entrepreneurship research. Our premise is that economic explanations for venture finance, which do not consider how social ties influence this process, are undersocialized and incomplete. However, we also argue that organization theoretic arguments, which draw on the concept of social obligation, are oversocialized. Drawing on the organizational theory literature, and in-depth fieldwork with 50 high-technology ventures, we examine the effects of direct and indirect ties between entrepreneurs and 202 seed-stage investors on venture finance decisions. We show that these ties influence the selection of ventures to fund through a process of information transfer. (Entrepreneurship; Venture Finance; Social Capital) Entrepreneurs are often wealth constrained, and need to obtain external financing to pursue their opportunities, making financing central to the process of entrepreneurship (Evans and Leighton 1989, Casson
The Influence of Intellectual Capital on the Types of Innovative Capabilities
- Academy of Management Journal
, 2005
"... We examined how aspects of intellectual capital influenced various innovative capa-bilities in organizations. In a longitudinal, multiple-informant study of 93 organiza-tions, we found that human, organizational, and social capital and their interrelation-ships selectively influenced incremental and ..."
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Cited by 109 (1 self)
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We examined how aspects of intellectual capital influenced various innovative capa-bilities in organizations. In a longitudinal, multiple-informant study of 93 organiza-tions, we found that human, organizational, and social capital and their interrelation-ships selectively influenced incremental and radical innovative capabilities. As anticipated, organizational capital positively influenced incremental innovative capa-bility, while human capital interacted with social capital to positively influence radical innovative capability. Counter to our expectations, however, human capital by itself was negatively associated with radical innovative capability. Interestingly, social capital played a significant role in both types of innovation, as it positively influenced incremental and radical innovative capabilities. It is widely accepted that an organization’s capa-bility to innovate is closely tied to its intellectual capital, or its ability to utilize its knowledge re-sources. Several studies have underscored how new products embody organizational knowledge (e.g., Stewart, 1997), described innovation as a knowledge management process (e.g., Madhavan & Grover, 1998), and characterized innovative com-panies as knowledge creating (e.g., Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1995). So close are the ties between re-search on knowledge and research on innovation, in fact, that in recent years scholars have seen a blurring of the boundaries between these areas. It is now quite common for studies examining innova-tion to use knowledge or intellectual capital as antecedents, and studies investigating knowledge and intellectual capital frequently use innovation
Social Entrepreneurship Research: A Source of Explanation, Prediction, and Delight
- Journal of World Business
, 2006
"... explanation, prediction, and delight ..."
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Effects of Four Computer-Mediated Communications Channels on Trust Development
- Proc. CHI 2002, ACM Press
, 2002
"... When virtual teams need to establish trust at a distance, it is advantageous for them to use rich media to communicate. We studied the emergence of trust in a social dilemma game in four different communication situations: face-to-face, video, audio, and text chat. All three of the richer conditions ..."
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Cited by 93 (6 self)
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When virtual teams need to establish trust at a distance, it is advantageous for them to use rich media to communicate. We studied the emergence of trust in a social dilemma game in four different communication situations: face-to-face, video, audio, and text chat. All three of the richer conditions were significant improvements over text chat. Video and audio conferencing groups were nearly as good as face-toface, but both did show some evidence of what we term delayed trust (slower progress toward full cooperation) and fragile trust (vulnerability to opportunistic behavior).
CoScripter: Automating & Sharing How-To Knowledge in the Enterprise
"... Modern enterprises are replete with numerous online processes. Many must be performed frequently and are tedious, while others are done less frequently yet are complex or hard to remember. We present interviews with knowledge workers that reveal a need for mechanisms to automate the execution of and ..."
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Cited by 89 (8 self)
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Modern enterprises are replete with numerous online processes. Many must be performed frequently and are tedious, while others are done less frequently yet are complex or hard to remember. We present interviews with knowledge workers that reveal a need for mechanisms to automate the execution of and to share knowledge about these processes. In response, we have developed the CoScripter system (formerly Koala [ 11]), a collaborative scripting environment for recording, automating, and sharing web-based processes. We have deployed CoScripter within a large corporation for more than 10 months. Through usage log analysis and interviews with users, we show that CoScripter has addressed many user automation and sharing needs, to the extent that more than 50 employees have voluntarily incorporated it into their work practice. We also present ways people have used CoScripter and general issues for tools that support automation and sharing of how-to knowledge.
