this paper we argue that scientific articles require a different summarization strategy than, for instance, news articles. We propose a strategy which concentrates on the rhetorical status of statements in the article: Material for summaries is selected in such a way that summaries can highlight the new contribution of the source paper and situate it with respect to earlier work. We provide a gold standard for summaries of this kind consisting of a substantial corpus of conference articles in computational linguistics with human judgements of rhetorical status and relevance. We present several experiments measuring our judges' agreement on these annotations. We also present an algorithm which, on the basis of the annotated training material, selects content and classifies it into a fixed set of seven rhetorical categories. The output of this extraction and classification system can be viewed as a single-document summary in its own right; alternatively, it can be used to generate task-oriented and user-tailored summaries designed to give users an overview of a scientific field.

Machine (COLING94), S.Tojo 28 9411023 Abstract Generation Based on Rhetorical Structure Extraction (COLING94), K.Ono et al.

We believe that identifying the structure of scientific argumentation in articles can help in tasks such as automatic summarization or the auto- mated construction of citation indexes. One par- ticularly important aspect of this structure is the question of who a given scientific statement is at- tributed to: other researchers, the field in general, or the authors themselves.

5.2. Correlates of Argumentative Status 181 Section Structure (Struct-1): We noticed that apart from global locational structure, there is also a section internal locational organization which might be important for Argumentative Zoning. Introductions usually proceed from the more general to the more specific, with general knowledge typically coming first and statements about own work appearing towards the end. In particular, AIM sentences often occur in a typical position about two-thirds down in introduction sessions. We also observed that the first and last sentences in other sections often fulfill a summarizing function, and are often associated with text-organization meta-discourse ("in this section we will"), which is captured by our TEXTUAL sentences. The second and third or second and third-last sentence also often have a special summarizing function.

Abstract. A particularly troubling issue in US news discourse is that global warming, and human activity as a cause for it, continued to be presented as controversial even after a scientific consensus emerged and was reflected in other countries ’ media coverage. Previous research by journalists, sociologists, and geographers has consisted mostly of content analysis; this paper complements it by focusing on specific linguistic elements that indicate the degree of certainty expressed in references to the causes and effects of global warming. An analysis of news articles on global warming published in US newspapers between 2005 and 2008 suggests that the degree of certainty in statements about global warming increased after the UN Climate Change Conference in December of 2007 in Bali, but that US news discourse still lags behind the UK. Research on media coverage of global warming Volume of coverage. In the US, media coverage of climate change increased each year