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On the Role of User-generated Metadata in Audio Visual Collections
"... Recently, various crowdsourcing initiatives showed that targeted efforts of user communities result in massive amounts of tags. For example, the Netherlands Institute for Sound and Vision collected a large number of tags with the video labeling game Waisda?. To successfully utilize these tags, a bet ..."
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Recently, various crowdsourcing initiatives showed that targeted efforts of user communities result in massive amounts of tags. For example, the Netherlands Institute for Sound and Vision collected a large number of tags with the video labeling game Waisda?. To successfully utilize these tags, a better understanding of their characteristics is required. The goal of this paper is twofold: (i) to investigate the vocabulary that users employ when describing videos and compare it to the vocabularies used by professionals; and (ii) to establish which aspects of the video are typically described and what type of tags are used for this. We report on an analysis of the tags collected with Waisda?. With respect to the first goal, we compared the the tags with a typical domain thesaurus used by professionals, as well as with a more general vocabulary. With respect to the second goal, we compare the tags to the video subtitles to determine how many tags are derived from the audio signal. In addition, we perform a qualitative study in which a tag sample is interpreted in terms of an existing annotation classification framework. The results suggest that the tags complement the metadata provided by professional cataloguers, the tags describe both the audio and the visual aspects of the video, and the users primarily describe objects in the video using general descriptions.
User-generated Metadata in Audio-visual Collections
"... In recent years, crowdsourcing has gained attention as an alternative method for collecting video annotations. An example is the internet video labeling game Waisda? launched by the Netherlands Institute for Sound and Vision. The goal of this PhD research is to investigate the value of the user tags ..."
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In recent years, crowdsourcing has gained attention as an alternative method for collecting video annotations. An example is the internet video labeling game Waisda? launched by the Netherlands Institute for Sound and Vision. The goal of this PhD research is to investigate the value of the user tags collected with this video labeling game. To this end, we address the following four issues. First, we perform a comparative analysis between user-generated tags and professional annotations in terms of what aspects of videos they describe. Second, we measure how well user tags are suited for fragment retrieval and compare it with fragment search based on other sources like transcripts and professional annotations. Third, as previous research suggested that user tags predominately refer to objects and rarely describe scenes, we will study whether user tags can be successfully exploited to generate scene-level descriptions. Finally, we investigate how tag quality can be characterized and potential methods to improve it.
Sound and Vision
"... The Waisda? video labeling game is a crowsourcing tool to collect user-generated metadata for video clips. It follows the paradigm of games-with-a-purpose, where two or more users play against each other by entering tags that describe the content of the video. Players score points by entering the sa ..."
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The Waisda? video labeling game is a crowsourcing tool to collect user-generated metadata for video clips. It follows the paradigm of games-with-a-purpose, where two or more users play against each other by entering tags that describe the content of the video. Players score points by entering the same tags as one of the other players. As a result each video that is played in the game is annotated with tags that are anchored to a time point in the video. Waisda? has been de-ployed in two projects with videos from Dutch broadcasters. With the open source version of Waisda? crowdsourcing of video annotation becomes available for any online video col-lection.
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, 2013
"... This work is subject to copyright. Permission to make digital or hard copies of portions of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee, provided that the copies are not made or distrib-uted for profit or commercial advantage and that the copies bear this notice and the full citat ..."
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This work is subject to copyright. Permission to make digital or hard copies of portions of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee, provided that the copies are not made or distrib-uted for profit or commercial advantage and that the copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyright for components of this work owned by others must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To otherwise reproduce or transmit in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy-ing, recording, or by any information storage retrieval system or in any other way requires written permission from the publisher.
