Results 1 - 10
of
10
SenShare: Transforming Sensor Networks Into Multi-Application Sensing Infrastructures
"... Abstract. Sensor networks are typically purpose-built, designed to support a single running application. As the demand for applications that can harness the capabilities of a sensor-rich environment increases, and the availability of sensing infrastructure put in place to monitor various quantities ..."
Abstract
-
Cited by 18 (1 self)
- Add to MetaCart
(Show Context)
Abstract. Sensor networks are typically purpose-built, designed to support a single running application. As the demand for applications that can harness the capabilities of a sensor-rich environment increases, and the availability of sensing infrastructure put in place to monitor various quantities soars, there are clear benefits in a model where infrastructure can be shared amongst multiple applications. This model however introduces many challenges, mainly related to the management of the communication of the same application running on different network nodes, and the isolation of applications within the network. In this work we present SenShare, a platform that attempts to address the technical challenges in transforming sensor networks into open access infrastructures capable of supporting multiple co-running applications. SenShare provides a clear decoupling between the infrastructure and the running application, building on the concept of overlay networks. Each application operates in an isolated environment consisting of an in-node hardware abstraction layer, and a dedicated overlay sensor network. We further report on the deployment of SenShare within our building, which presently supports the operation of multiple sensing applications, including office occupancy monitoring and environmental monitoring. 1
Enabling Advanced Environmental Conditioning with a Building Application Stack
"... Abstract—There is enormous potential for building-focused applications to improve operation and sustainability, both for classical uses like modeling or fault detection as well as innovative ones like occupant-driven control or grid-aware energy management. We show that a building application stack ..."
Abstract
-
Cited by 5 (1 self)
- Add to MetaCart
(Show Context)
Abstract—There is enormous potential for building-focused applications to improve operation and sustainability, both for classical uses like modeling or fault detection as well as innovative ones like occupant-driven control or grid-aware energy management. We show that a building application stack – that addresses shortcomings of existing antiquated architectures by democratizing sensor data, constructing a framework for reliable and fault-tolerant operation of concurrent applications, and establishing an application programming interface to promote portability throughout the building stock – enables development of advanced applications. We observe the growing importance of applications that integrate sensors and actuators from the building infrastructure with those from “add-on ” networks, and show how this design pattern is further empowered by the architecture. To prove the efficacy of the approach, we implement two advanced environmental conditioning applications on a large, commercial building that was not designed for either of them: a demand-controlled ventilation (DCV) system for balancing air quality considerations and energy use in conference and class room settings and a demand-controlled filtration (DCF) system for conserving recirculating fan energy in an intermittently occupied cleanroom setting. The DCV application is able to reduce air quality threshold violations by over 95 % and concurrently reduce ventilation energy consumption by over 80%, while the DCF application can reduce recirculating fan power consumption by half with no repercussions on air quality when the room is occupied. Further, the portability of these applications highlights the potential of the architecture to enable widespread and rapid application development throughout the building stock. I.
An opportunistic activity-sensing approach to save energy in office buildings
- In Proc. e-Energy’13. ACM
, 2013
"... In this work, we recognised office worker activities that are relevant for energy-related control of appliances and build-ing systems using sensors that are commonly installed in new or refurbished office buildings. We considered desk-related activities and people count in office rooms, structured i ..."
Abstract
-
Cited by 4 (0 self)
- Add to MetaCart
(Show Context)
In this work, we recognised office worker activities that are relevant for energy-related control of appliances and build-ing systems using sensors that are commonly installed in new or refurbished office buildings. We considered desk-related activities and people count in office rooms, structured into desk- and room-cells. Recognition was performed using fi-nite state machines (FSMs) and probabilistic layered hidden Markov models (LHMMs). We evaluated our approach in a real living-lab office, in-cluding three private and multi-person office rooms. As ex-ample devices, we used different ceiling-mounted PIR sen-sors based on the EnOcean platform and plug-in power me-ters. In at least five days of study data per office room, including reference sensor data and occupant annotations, we confirmed that activities can be recognised using these sensors. For computer and desk work, an overall recogni-tion accuracy of 95 % was achieved. People count was esti-mated at 87 % and 78 % for the best-performing two office rooms. We furthermore present building simulation results that compare different control strategies. Compared to mod-ern BEMS, our results show that 21.9 % and 19.5 % of electri-cal energy can be saved for controls based on recognised desk activity and estimated people count, respectively. These re-sults confirm the relevance of building energy management based on activity sensing.
Reducing Energy Waste for Computers by Human-in-the-Loop Control
"... While current Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) act as the bridge between humans and environment, their implementation mostly assumes humans as an external component to the control loops. We use a case study of energy waste on computer workstations to motivate the incorporation of humans into control loo ..."
Abstract
-
Cited by 1 (1 self)
- Add to MetaCart
(Show Context)
While current Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) act as the bridge between humans and environment, their implementation mostly assumes humans as an external component to the control loops. We use a case study of energy waste on computer workstations to motivate the incorporation of humans into control loops. The benefits include better response accuracy and timeliness of CPS systems. However, incorporating humans into tight control loops remains a challenge as it requires understanding complex human behavior. In our case study, we collect empirical data to understand human behavior regarding distractions in computer usage and develop a human-in-the-loop control that can put workstations into sleep by early detection of distraction. Our control loop implements strategies such as an adaptive timeout interval, multilevel sensing, and addressing background processing. Evaluation on multiple subjects show an accuracy of 97.28 % in detecting distractions, which cuts the energy waste of computers by 80.19%.
Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks for Energy Efficiency in Buildings
"... Abstract — Residential and business buildings account for a very large fraction of the world-wide energy consumption. To improve their energy efficiency, building management systems (BMS) – based on (wireless) sensor and actuator networks – have been proposed. To be effective a BMS must be responsi ..."
Abstract
-
Cited by 1 (0 self)
- Add to MetaCart
(Show Context)
Abstract — Residential and business buildings account for a very large fraction of the world-wide energy consumption. To improve their energy efficiency, building management systems (BMS) – based on (wireless) sensor and actuator networks – have been proposed. To be effective a BMS must be responsive, robust and scalable. Since its performance is mainly determined by the underlying sensor and actuator network, in this paper we focus on the communication between sensors and actuators. Specifically, to minimize congestion, latency and energy consumption, we propose a de-synchronization algorithm that is able to arrange, dynamically, periodic transmissions from different sensor nodes in a round-robin collision-free style, like in conventional TDMA. Unlike TDMA, however, it does not require synchronization, and is able to adapt to changes in the network topology. Our preliminary results show that the proposed algorithm converges to a steady-state in a limited number of periods. I.
An Intelligent System for Electrical Energy Management in Buildings
"... Abstract — Recent studies have highlighted that a significant part of the electrical energy consumption in residential and business buildings is due to an improper use of the electrical appliances. In this context, an automated power management system- capable of reducing energy wastes while preserv ..."
Abstract
- Add to MetaCart
(Show Context)
Abstract — Recent studies have highlighted that a significant part of the electrical energy consumption in residential and business buildings is due to an improper use of the electrical appliances. In this context, an automated power management system- capable of reducing energy wastes while preserving the perceived comfort level- would be extremely appealing. To this aim, we propose GreenBuilding, a sensor-based intelligent system that monitors the energy consumption and automatically controls the behavior of appliances used in a building. GreenBuilding has been implemented as a prototype and has been experimented in a real household scenario. The analysis of the experimental results highlights that GreenBuilding is able to provide significant energy savings.
TeesRep- Teesside's Research Repository Item type Article
"... A wireless sensor network for intelligent building energy management based on mulit communication standards- A case study ..."
Abstract
- Add to MetaCart
(Show Context)
A wireless sensor network for intelligent building energy management based on mulit communication standards- A case study
A WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK FOR INTELLIGENT BUILDING ENERGY MANAGEMENT BASED ON MULTI COMMUNICATION
, 2010
"... SUMMARY: This paper presents a case study of a wireless sensor network (WSN) to support energy management utilizing Web services and middleware technologies. The approach presented proposes the integration of WSNs with Ethernet/Internet/XML/Web Service communications into a ‘knowledge and informatio ..."
Abstract
- Add to MetaCart
(Show Context)
SUMMARY: This paper presents a case study of a wireless sensor network (WSN) to support energy management utilizing Web services and middleware technologies. The approach presented proposes the integration of WSNs with Ethernet/Internet/XML/Web Service communications into a ‘knowledge and information services ’ platform to support energy management which can be accessed via a Web service to support inhabitant actions to reduce energy demand. It is based on the idea of collecting energy information using various wireless devices operating with different communication standards. This is important as there are various communication standards developed for WSNs including ZigBee, 6LoWPAN, Wi-Fi, WirelessHART and ISA100.11a. The hardware components which are needed for a system using one specific communication standard cannot be used directly within another system, due to differences in firmware, radio components, communication standards, and in some cases profile parameters. This is problematic because the components of different systems cannot be mixed and used in combination in order to take advantage of the most useful aspects
Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect
"... journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/adhoc Energy monitoring in residential spaces with audio sensor ..."
Abstract
- Add to MetaCart
(Show Context)
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/adhoc Energy monitoring in residential spaces with audio sensor
