"Phonology and Syntax", unqualified, suggests a general treatment of these two topics which always seem so sepa-rate in method and logic. The subtitle hints that the author may revere the syntactic tradition, because phonology is sound but syntax has structure. The title, the size of the book, and the author's previ-ous work should excite any reader who is waiting for a natural language interface that really uses voice or is working on a speech processing system that understands what is being said. I was eager for an opportunity to study this book. Integrating, or even gracefully interfac-ing, the discourse/semantics/syntax stuff with the phonetics/phonology/prosodies stuff has yet to be done in a satisfying way. The author's view: The "standard theory " of the

The paper proposes a theory relating syntax, semantics, and intonational prosody, and covering a wide range of English intonational tunes and their semantic interpretation in terms of focus and information structure. The theory is based on a version of combinatory categorial grammar which directly pairs phonological and logical forms without intermediary representational levels.

m we can carve o# next. `Partial parsing' is a cover term for a range of di#erent techniques for recovering some but not all of the information contained in a traditional syntactic analysis. Partial parsing techniques, like tagging techniques, aim for reliability and robustness in the face of the vagaries of natural text, by sacrificing completeness of analysis and accepting a low but non-zero error rate. 1 Tagging The earliest taggers [35, 51] had large sets of hand-constructed rules for assigning tags on the basis of words' character patterns and on the basis of the tags assigned to preceding or following words, but they had only small lexica, primarily for exceptions to the rules. TAGGIT [35] was used to generate an initial tagging of the Brown corpus, which was then hand-edited. (Thus it provided the data that has since been used to train other taggers [20].) The tagger described by Garside [56, 34], CLAWS, was a probabilistic version of TAGGIT, and the DeRose tagger improved on

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This paper reconsiders those assumptions and describes an analysis of phrasing that we believe corrects many of the problems of the earlier version. Like the earlier version, it has been implemented in a text-to-speech system that uses a natural language parser and prosody rules to generate information about the location and relative strength of prosodic phrase boundaries

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Prosodic phrase structure

Although previous research has shown that listeners can use prosody to resolve syntactic ambiguities in spoken sentences, it is not clear whether naive, untrained speakers in experimental situations ordinarily produce the prosodic cues necessary for disambiguating such sentences. In a series of experiments, the authors found that neither professional nor untrained speakers consistently produced such prosodic cues when simply reading ambiguous sentences in a disambiguating discourse context. Speakers who were aware of the ambiguities and were told to intentionally pronounce the sentences with one meaning or the other, however, did produce sufficient prosodic cues for listeners to identify the intended meanings. One of the central issues in theories of parsing has been what kinds of information are considered during sentence processing. One possibility is that syntactic principles are used to guide the initial hypothesis about a sentence's syntactic structure, with nonsyntactic information then being used to evaluate and revise the initial structure (Frazier, 1978, 1991; Frazier & Rayner, 1982; Rayner, Carlson, & Frazier, 1983). Others have argued that nonsyntactic information can also influence the initial decisions of the parser (Altmann &

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