We propose, analyze and test an alternating minimization algorithm for recovering images from blurry and noisy observations with total variation (TV) regularization. This algorithm arises from a new half-quadratic model applicable to not only the anisotropic but also isotropic forms of total variation discretizations. The per-iteration computational complexity of the algorithm is three Fast Fourier Transforms (FFTs). We establish strong convergence properties for the algorithm including finite convergence for some variables and relatively fast exponential (or q-linear in optimization terminology) convergence for the others. Furthermore, we propose a continuation scheme to accelerate the practical convergence of the algorithm. Extensive numerical results show that our algorithm performs favorably in comparison to several state-of-the-art algorithms. In particular, it runs orders of magnitude faster than the Lagged Diffusivity algorithm for total-variation-based deblurring. Some extensions of our algorithm are also discussed.

Abstract. Image inpainting is a fundamental problem in image processing and has many applications. Motivated by the recent tight frame based methods on image restoration in either the image or the transform domain, we propose an iterative tight frame algorithm for image inpainting. We consider the convergence of this framelet-based algorithm by interpreting it as an iteration for minimizing a special functional. The proof of the convergence is under the framework of convex analysis and optimization theory. We also discuss the relationship of our method with other wavelet-based methods. Numerical experiments are given to illustrate the performance of the proposed algorithm. Key words. Tight frame, inpainting, convex analysis 1. Introduction. The problem of inpainting [2] occurs when part of the pixel data in a picture is missing or over-written by other means. This arises for example in restoring ancient drawings, where a portion of the picture is missing or damaged due to aging or scratch; or when an image is transmitted through a noisy channel. The task of inpainting is to recover the missing region from the incomplete data observed. Ideally, the restored image should possess shapes and patterns consistent

Abstract. High-resolution image reconstruction refers to the reconstruction of high-resolution images from multiple low-resolution, shifted, degraded samples of a true image. In this paper, we analyze this problem from the wavelet point of view. By expressing the true image as a function in L(R2), we derive iterative algorithms which recover the function completely in the L sense from the given low-resolution functions. These algorithms decompose the function obtained from the previous iteration into different frequency components in the wavelet transform domain and add them into the new iterate to improve the approximation. We apply wavelet (packet) thresholding methods to denoise the function obtained in the previous step before adding it into the new iterate. Our numerical results show that the reconstructed images from our wavelet algorithms are better than that from the Tikhonov least-squares approach. Extension to super-resolution image reconstruction, where some of the low-resolution images are missing, is also considered.

We extend the alternating minimization algorithm recently proposed in [38, 39] to the case of recovering blurry multichannel (color) images corrupted by impulsive rather than Gaussian noise. The algorithm minimizes the sum of a multichannel extension of total variation (TV), either isotropic or anisotropic, and a data fidelity term measured in the L1-norm. We derive the algorithm by applying the well-known quadratic penalty function technique and prove attractive convergence properties including finite convergence for some variables and global q-linear convergence. Under periodic boundary conditions, the main computational requirements of the algorithm are fast Fourier transforms and a low-complexity Gaussian elimination procedure. Numerical results on images with different blurs and impulsive noise are presented to demonstrate the efficiency of the algorithm. In addition, it is numerically compared to an algorithm recently proposed in [20] that uses a linear program and an interior point method for recovering grayscale images.

Abstract. In infrared astronomy, an observed image from a chop and nod process can be considered as the result of passing the original image through a highpass filter. Here we propose a restoration algorithm which builds up a tight framelet system that has the highpass filter as one of the framelet filters. Our approach reduces the solution of restoration problem to that of recovering the missing coefficients of the original image in the tight framelet decomposition. The framelet approach provides a natural setting to apply various sophisticated framelet denoising schemes to remove the noise without reducing the intensity of major stars in the image. A proof of the convergence of the algorithm based on convex analysis is also provided. Simulated and real images are tested to illustrate the efficiency of our method over the projected Landweber method. Key words. analysis Tight frame, chopped and nodded image, projected Landweber method, convex AMS subject classifications. 42C40, 65T60, 68U10, 94A08 1. Introduction. We

This paper studies the application of preconditioned conjugate gradient methods in high resolution image reconstruction problems. We consider reconstructing high resolution images from multiple undersampled, shifted, degraded frames with subpixel displacement errors. The resulting blurring matrices are spatially variant. The classical Tikhonov regularization and the Neumann boundary condition are used in the reconstruction process. The preconditioners are derived by taking the cosine transform approximation of the blurring matrices. We prove that when the L 2 or H 1 norm regularization functional is used, the spectra of the preconditioned normal systems are clustered around 1 for sufficiently small subpixel displacement errors. Conjugate gradient methods will hence converge very quickly when applied to solving these preconditioned normal equations. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the fast convergence. 1 Introduction Due to hardware limitations, imaging systems often provide...

Abstract. The stories told in this paper are dealing with the solution of finite, infinite, and biinfinite Toeplitz-type systems. A crucial role plays the off-diagonal decay behavior of Toeplitz matrices and their inverses. Classical results of Gelfand et al. on commutative Banach algebras yield a general characterization of this decay behavior. We then derive estimates for the approximate solution of (bi)infinite Toeplitz systems by the finite section method, showing that the approximation rate depends only on the decay of the entries of the Toeplitz matrix and its condition number. Furthermore, we give error estimates for the solution of doubly infinite convolution systems by finite circulant systems. Finally, some quantitative results on the construction of preconditioners via circulant embedding are derived, which allow to provide a theoretical explanation for numerical observations made by some researchers in connection with deconvolution problems.

Abstract. We generalize the alternating minimization algorithm recently proposed in [32] to efficiently solve a general, edge-preserving, variational model for recovering multichannel images degraded by within- and cross-channel blurs, as well as additive Gaussian noise. This general model allows the use of localized weights and higher-order derivatives in regularization, and includes a multichannel extension of total variation (MTV) regularization as a special case. In the MTV case, we show that the model can be derived from an extended half-quadratic transform of Geman and Yang [14]. For color images with three channels and when applied to the MTV model (either locally weighted or not), the per-iteration computational complexity of this algorithm is dominated by nine fast Fourier transforms. We establish strong convergence results for the algorithm including finite convergence for some variables and fast q-linear convergence for the others. Numerical results on various types of blurs are presented to demonstrate the performance of our algorithm compared to that of the MATLAB deblurring functions. We also present experimental results on regularization models using weighted MTV and higher-order derivatives to demonstrate improvements in image quality provided by these models over the plain MTV model.

We propose a total variation based model for simultaneous image inpainting and blind deconvolution.

How to recover missing data from an incomplete samples is a fundamental problem in mathematics and it has wide range of applications in image analysis and processing. Although many existing methods, e.g. various data smoothing methods and PDE approaches, are available in the literature, there is always a need to find new methods leading to the best solution according to various cost functionals. In this paper, we propose an iterative algorithm based on tight framelets for image recovery from incomplete observed data. The algorithm is motivated from our framelet algorithm used in high-resolution image reconstruction and it exploits the redundance in tight framelet systems. We prove the convergence of the algorithm and also give its convergence factor. Furthermore, we derive the minimization properties of the algorithm and explore the roles of the redundancy of tight framelet systems. As an illustration of the effectiveness of the algorithm, we give an application of it in impulse noise removal. 1