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...traditional gaming systems have found that different styles of games have different thresholds for maximum tolerable delay [4]. Table I summarizes the maximum delay that an average player can tolerate before the Quality of Experience (QoE) begins to degrade. As a general rule, games that are played in the first person perspective, such as the shooter game Counter Strike, become noticeably less playable when actions are delayed by as little as 100 ms. This low delay tolerance is because such first person games tend to be action-based, and players with a higher delay tend to have a disadvantage [5]. In particular, the outcome of definitive game changing actions such as who “pulled the trigger” first can be extremely sensitive to the delay in an action-based First Person Shooter (FPS) game. Third person games, such as Role Playing Games (RPG), and many massively multiplayer games, such as World of Warcraft, can often have a higher delay tolerance of up to 500 ms. This is because a player’s commands in such games, e.g., use item, cast spell, or heal character, are generally executed by the player’s avatar; there is often an invocation phase, such as chanting magic words before a spell is ...

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...ts. The remote rendering system solves both bandwidth and computation problems, but a new problem of interaction delay is brought into the scope. Since 3D video allows the viewer to interactively change the rendering viewpoint, when the mobile client receives a user interaction request, it has to forward the request to the proxy server and waits at least a round trip network delay for the future frames that are processed at the updated rendering viewpoint. Figure 2 gives an intuitive illustration. Since the interaction delay has great impacts on the user experience of interactive applications [8], we must consider how to reduce the interaction delay to an acceptable level when designing a remote rendering system. In this paper, we build a remote rendering model to study different remote rendering systems in literatures and interaction delay problems. We propose using a new reference viewpoint prediction algorithm for 3D warping based remote rendering system. We prove that our algorithm requires far less computation resources but provides much better performance in terms of viewpoint range (explained in Section 3.4) than the search-based algorithms suggested in [20]. We believe the wor...

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...system is slowly increased until our main performance metric, the average response time of player actions, raises above a threshold of 400ms, which is considered unacceptable for a fast-paced game [8]=-=[9]-=-. The experiments were conducted on the Mammoth map ”Town20-500”, a virtual environment representative of MMOGs, shown in Figure [ref]. This map has thousand available avatars to be controlled by the ...

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...fe expectancy than HDDs and can cost significantly more per MByte (about 5x to 10x more). In addition, any reported performance gains are highly dependent upon the application workload [3]. Thus, a computer game player interested in an improved gaming experience may be willing to invest in SSDs, but only if the performance gains to games are tangible. Computer games use a range of resources, including at least the processor, memory, network card, graphics card and storage drive. Games have several phases that differ in the player’s interactions with the game and in the computer resources used [4]. Although the duration and frequency of each phase varies depending upon the specific game, fundamental phases common to most computer games include boot when the game is first launched, start when the map data and other object information is loaded, play when the game is actually played, and save when player progress is saved. As one would expect, the storage drive is not used uniformly throughout these phases, but can be heavily used during the boot, load and save phases. While whitepapers from SSD manufacturers or paid technology consultants have briefly examined SSD benefits to computer g...

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...ion. Accurately quantifying expectations is very difficult as a gamer’s expectation depends on past history and personnel factors. Works such as [BC04,SG03,QM04,WVW10] all seek to understand the impact that loss and latency have on real-time online games. The usual approach is to emulate loss and latency in a controlled testbed environment. In [BC04] the authors found that game play was viewed as less enjoyable at latencies over 100 ms. In [QM04] players thought they detected impairment once delays exceeded 60 ms. More recent work has tried to find commonality of results over classes of games [CC06,CC10]. Our research is motivated by the observation that much of the prior work described in the literature has focused on objective studies. While subjective studies have been considered, there have been limited results. This is primarily because a widely accepted utility function that maps objective metric results to a perceived quality assessment has not been established. We focus on the widely played FPS game, Call of Duty Modern Warfare II. We engage the student population at Clemson University to participate in a large scale experimental study designed to explore the impacts of network impair...