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...y places have been labeled with useful tags such as restaurant or cinema, which are crucial for assisting users in searching and exploring new places as well as for developing recommendation services =-=[2, 12, 28]-=-. However, based on our analysis of data collected from Whrrl and Foursquare, about 30% of all places are lacking any meaningful textual descriptions. To address this problem, we develop a novel techn...

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...nd, among other information, the corresponding latitude and longitude coordinates. In some contexts,stools which maintain this kind of information are also called semantic gazetteers (forsinstance in =-=[12]-=-) or semantic geo-catalogs [4].sGeo-spatial ontologies are of fundamental importance in many applications, suchsas (among others) semantic Geographic Information Systems [4, 5], semantic annotation (b...

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...s spatial and other relations between features, the data accuracy, and the source of the data for an individual place. In a recent review of requirements for a next generation gazetteer, Keßler et al =-=[4]-=- drew attention to a number of desirable gazetteer properties which include those of accessing multiple data sources, exploiting volunteered data sources, maintaining mechanisms to assess trust in res...

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...es to quality control work well on the whole, applications often require an assessment of the quality of a specific feature. Trust and reputation models have been proposed as proxies for data quality =-=[5,14]-=- in the absence of the metadata and quality metrics that come 1 See http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/List_of_OSM_based_Services.with commercial geographic information. Sztompka defines trust as “a ...

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...[5] to determine the regional use of words like soda or pop [6]. One promising use of VGI – and geotagged photos in particular – is the enrichment of gazetteers with vernacular names and vague places =-=[7]-=-. Gazetteers have been developed as directories of named places with information on geographic footprints and place types to facilitate geographic information organization and retrieval. Most gazettee...

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... predict, we assume that both approaches do not necessarily exclude each other. For instance, one could think of a microSDI for linked data. Examples include recent work on next generation gazetteers =-=[34]-=-, a forthcoming linked data serialization of OpenStreetMap [35], or JavaScript reasoners such as JSExplicit 10 which can directly be embedded into web pages to generate context and user-aware informat...

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...uld be used by scholars to discover and infer new facts and to clean up external knowledge bases. Finally, opening the system for 6volunteered geographic information may introduce other requirements =-=[16]-=-. A promising approach to deal with such a heterogeneous setting are microtheories (also called contexts) as implemented by the (Open)CyC ontology. Microtheories follow the classical idea from artific...

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...n the earlier discussion in section 2 on our proposed notion of informational trust. This process requires spatial and temporal aspects of trust and reputation models for VGI triage. In previous work =-=[16, 17]-=-, we have discussed models for VGI quality assessment based on the spatial and temporal notion of trust and reputation. The spatial and temporal dimensions of informational trust can be used to make a...

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...lity [4] an important issue. As traditional criteria for data quality do not apply for OSM, we propose to use the trustworthiness [9] of features in OpenStreetMap as a proxy function for data quality =-=[3,8]-=-. Similar to previous approaches developed for Wikipedia [1,7], the features’ trust ratings are computed solely from their provenance. We look for specific patterns, such as rollbacks or deletions, th...