• Documents
  • Authors
  • Tables
  • Log in
  • Sign up
  • MetaCart
  • DMCA
  • Donate

CiteSeerX logo

Advanced Search Include Citations
Advanced Search Include Citations

Surface deformation due to shear and tensile faults in a halfspace, (1985)

by Y Okada
Venue:Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am.,
Add To MetaCart

Tools

Sorted by:
Results 1 - 10 of 727
Next 10 →

Implementation and testing of the method of splitting tsunami (MOST) model

by V. V. Titov, F. I. Gonzalez - NOAA Technical Memorandum ERL PMEL-112, 11 pp UNIDATA , 1997
"... Mention of a commercial company or product does not constitute an endorsement by NOAA/ERL. Use of information from this publication concerning proprietary products or the tests of such products for publicity or advertising purposes is not authorized. ..."
Abstract - Cited by 54 (9 self) - Add to MetaCart
Mention of a commercial company or product does not constitute an endorsement by NOAA/ERL. Use of information from this publication concerning proprietary products or the tests of such products for publicity or advertising purposes is not authorized.
(Show Context)

Citation Context

...e used to develop tsunami hazard mitigation tools for the Pacific Disaster Center (PDC). Simulation of the generation process in the MOST model is based on elastic deformation theory (Gusiakov, 1978; =-=Okada, 1985-=-), as described in Titov (1997), and the method of computing inundation is a derivative of the VTCS model (Titov, 1997; Titov and Synolakis, 1997, 1996, 1995). The global propagation code was develope...

A revised dislocation model of interseismic deformation of the Cascadia subduction zone,

by Kelin Wang , Ray Wells , Stephane Mazzotti , Roy D Hyndman , Takeshi Sagiya , K Wang , R Wells , S Mazzotti , R D Hyndman , T Sagiya - J. Geophys. Res.,
"... [1] CAS3D-2, a new three-dimensional (3-D) dislocation model, is developed to model interseismic deformation rates at the Cascadia subduction zone. The model is considered a snapshot description of the deformation field that changes with time. The effect of northward secular motion of the central a ..."
Abstract - Cited by 40 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
[1] CAS3D-2, a new three-dimensional (3-D) dislocation model, is developed to model interseismic deformation rates at the Cascadia subduction zone. The model is considered a snapshot description of the deformation field that changes with time. The effect of northward secular motion of the central and southern Cascadia forearc sliver is subtracted to obtain the effective convergence between the subducting plate and the forearc. Horizontal deformation data, including strain rates and surface velocities from Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements, provide primary geodetic constraints, but uplift rate data from tide gauges and leveling also provide important validations for the model. A locked zone, based on the results of previous thermal models constrained by heat flow observations, is located entirely offshore beneath the continental slope. Similar to previous dislocation models, an effective zone of downdip transition from locking to full slip is used, but the slip deficit rate is assumed to decrease exponentially with downdip distance. The exponential function resolves the problem of overpredicting coastal GPS velocities and underpredicting inland velocities by previous models that used a linear downdip transition. A wide effective transition zone (ETZ) partially accounts for stress relaxation in the mantle wedge that cannot be simulated by the elastic model. The pattern of coseismic deformation is expected to be different from that of interseismic deformation at present, 300 years after the last great subduction earthquake. The downdip transition from full rupture to no slip should take place over a much narrower zone.

Comparison between three-dimensional linear and nonlinear tsunami generation models, Theor. Comput. Fluid Dyn

by Youen Kervella, Denys Dutykh, Frédéric Dias
"... The modeling of tsunami generation is an essential phase in understanding tsunamis. For tsunamis generated by underwater earthquakes, it involves the modeling of the sea bottom motion as well as the resulting motion of the water above it. A comparison between various models for three-dimensional wat ..."
Abstract - Cited by 34 (18 self) - Add to MetaCart
The modeling of tsunami generation is an essential phase in understanding tsunamis. For tsunamis generated by underwater earthquakes, it involves the modeling of the sea bottom motion as well as the resulting motion of the water above it. A comparison between various models for three-dimensional water motion, ranging from linear theory to fully nonlinear theory, is performed. It is found that for most events the linear theory is sufficient. However, in some cases, more sophisticated theories are needed. Moreover, it is shown that the passive approach in which the seafloor deformation is simply translated to the ocean surface is not always equivalent to the active approach in which the bottom motion is taken into account, even if the deformation is
(Show Context)

Citation Context

...eure de Cachan, 61 avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan cedex, France; e-mail: dias@cmla.ens-cachan.fr, phone: +33 1 47 40 59 00, fax: +33 1 47 40 59 011 Introduction 2 the seafloor displacement =-=[26]-=-. For the resulting water motion, the standard practice is to transfer the inferred seafloor displacement to the free surface of the ocean. In this paper, we will call this approach the passive genera...

Crustal deformation across and beyond the Los Angeles basin, from geodetic measurements

by Zheng-kang Shen, David D. Jackson, Bob X. Ge - J. geophys. Res , 1996
"... Abstract. We combine 6 years of Global Positioning System (GPS) data with 20 years of trilateration data and a century of triangulation, taped distance, and astronomic azimuth measurements to derive 66 interseismic station velocities in the greater Los Angeles region. We interpolate the velocities t ..."
Abstract - Cited by 32 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract. We combine 6 years of Global Positioning System (GPS) data with 20 years of trilateration data and a century of triangulation, taped distance, and astronomic azimuth measurements to derive 66 interseismic station velocities in the greater Los Angeles region. We interpolate the velocities to construct a regional strain rate map beyond the Los Angeles basin. Our results generally agree with the model proposed by the Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities in 1995. Important regional findings of this study are as follows: (1) There is a significant N-S convergence and E-W extension, about 0.22 and 0.17 •: 0.05 #strain/yr, respectively, for the two components, along the southern frontal fault system ofthe San Gabriel Mountains. (2) The crustal deformation around the Big Bend of the San Andreas fault (SAF) cannot be explained solely by wrench-style motion across the SAF. Remaining motion could be part of a NW-SE extension which is the response to NF•SW compression i the central Transverse Ranges region. Alternatively, it could be caused by left-lateral faulting on an oblique blind thrust beneath the San Gabriel Mountains. (3) Low strain rates axe found along the Elsinore fault and Newport-Inglewood fault. (4) North-south compression decreases from the Raymond Hill fault westward to the Santa Monica fault. There is little east-west extension along this fault system.

Source rupture process of the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake determined by joint inversion of teleseismic body wave and strong ground motion data, Earth Planets Space

by Yuji Yagi , 2004
"... The spatio-temporal slip distribution of the 2003 Tokachi-oki, Japan, earthquake was estimated from teleseismic body wave and strong ground motion data. To perform stable inversion, we applied smoothing constraints to the slip distribution with respect to time and space, and determined the optimal w ..."
Abstract - Cited by 31 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
The spatio-temporal slip distribution of the 2003 Tokachi-oki, Japan, earthquake was estimated from teleseismic body wave and strong ground motion data. To perform stable inversion, we applied smoothing constraints to the slip distribution with respect to time and space, and determined the optimal weights of constraints using an optimized Akaike’s Bayesian Information Criterion (ABIC). We found that the rupture propagates mainly along the dip direction, and the length of the rupture area is shorter than its width. The mean rise time in the shallow asperity is significantly longer than that in the deep asperity, which might be attributed to variable frictional properties or lower strength of the plate interface at shallower depths. The average rupture velocity of deep asperity extends to the shear-wave velocity. The derived source parameters are as follows: seismic moment Mo = 1.7×1021 Nm (Mw 8.0); source duration = 50 sec. We also estimated the shear stress change due to the mainshock on and around the major fault zone. It appears that many aftershocks on the plate boundary took place in and adjacent to the zones of stress increase due to the rupture of the mainshock.
(Show Context)

Citation Context

...ftershock distribution. We calculated the shear stress component parallel to the slip direction on the mainshock fault plane using the formulations for static dislocation in a homogeneous half-space (=-=Okada, 1992-=-). Figure 9 shows the shear stress change due to the mainshock. It is found that the maximum stress drop is 10 MPa near the epicenter. On the other hand, we noticed a zone of stress increase up to 2.3...

2008), Heterogeneous coupling of the Sumatran megathrust constrained by geodetic and paleogeodetic measurements

by M. Chlieh, J. P. Avouac, K. Sieh, D. H. Natawidjaja, John Galetzka - J. Geophys. Res
"... [1] Geodetic and paleogeodetic measurements of interseismic strain above the Sumatran portion of the Sunda subduction zone reveal a heterogeneous pattern of coupling. Annual banding in corals provides vertical rates of deformation spanning the last half of the 20th century, and repeated GPS surveys ..."
Abstract - Cited by 31 (5 self) - Add to MetaCart
[1] Geodetic and paleogeodetic measurements of interseismic strain above the Sumatran portion of the Sunda subduction zone reveal a heterogeneous pattern of coupling. Annual banding in corals provides vertical rates of deformation spanning the last half of the 20th century, and repeated GPS surveys between 1991 and 2001 and continuous measurements at GPS stations operated since 2002 provide horizontal velocities. Near the equator, the megathrust is locked over a narrow width of only a few tens of kilometers. In contrast, the locked fault zone is up to about 175 km wide in areas where great interplate earthquakes have occurred in the past. Formal inversion of the data reveals that these strongly coupled patches are roughly coincident with asperities that ruptured during these events. The correlation is most spectacular for rupture of the Mw 8.7 Nias-Simeulue earthquake of 2005, which released half of the moment deficit that had accumulated since its previous rupture in 1861, suggesting that this earthquake was overdue. Beneath the Mentawai islands, strong coupling is observed within the overlapping rupture areas of the great earthquakes of 1797 and 1833. The accumulated slip deficit since these events is slowly reaching
(Show Context)

Citation Context

...partially or fully locked needs to be considered. The surface deformation field caused by distributed creep along the megathrust is computed using the theory of dislocations in an elastic half-space [=-=Okada, 1992-=-]. The slip vector on the megathrust is assumed to remain parallel to the long-term interplate velocity (Figure 2), and the interseismic coupling is constrained to range between 0 (decoupled) and 1 (f...

Detailed observations of California foreshock sequences: implications for the earthquake initiation process

by Douglas A. Dodge, Gregory C. Beroza, W. L. Ellsworth, Douglas A. Dodge, Gregory C. B Eroza, W. L. E Sworth , 1996
"... sequences: Implications for the earthquake ..."
Abstract - Cited by 30 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
sequences: Implications for the earthquake

Block models of crustal motion in southern California constrained by GPS measurements,

by Brendan J Meade , Bradford H Hager - J. Geophys. Res., , 2005
"... ..."
Abstract - Cited by 30 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract not found

Recalculated probability of M 7 earthquakes beneath the Sea of Marmara

by Tom Parsons , 2004
"... [1] New earthquake probability calculations are made for the Sea of Marmara region and the city of Istanbul, providing a revised forecast and an evaluation of time-dependent interaction techniques. Calculations incorporate newly obtained bathymetric images of the North Anatolian fault beneath the Se ..."
Abstract - Cited by 27 (3 self) - Add to MetaCart
[1] New earthquake probability calculations are made for the Sea of Marmara region and the city of Istanbul, providing a revised forecast and an evaluation of time-dependent interaction techniques. Calculations incorporate newly obtained bathymetric images of the North Anatolian fault beneath the Sea of Marmara [Le Pichon et al., 2001; Armijo et al., 2002]. Newly interpreted fault segmentation enables an improved regional A.D. 1500– 2000 earthquake catalog and interevent model, which form the basis for time-dependent probability estimates. Calculations presented here also employ detailed models of coseismic and postseismic slip associated with the 17 August 1999 M = 7.4 Izmit earthquake to investigate effects of stress transfer on seismic hazard. Probability changes caused by the 1999 shock depend on Marmara Sea fault-stressing rates, which are calculated with a new finite element model. The combined 2004–2034 regional Poisson probability of M 7 earthquakes is 38%, the regional time-dependent probability is 44 ± 18%, and incorporation of stress transfer raises it to 53 ± 18%. The most important effect of adding time dependence and stress transfer to the calculations is an increase in the 30 year probability of a M 7 earthquake affecting Istanbul. The 30 year Poisson
(Show Context)

Citation Context

...tin, 1969; Barka, 1996; Toksoz et al., 1979], in which all but one event promoted the next [Stein et al., 1997]. An earthquake can be modeled as a slipping dislocation in an elastic half space [e.g., =-=Okada, 1992-=-], enabling estimation of stress transfer to other faults. Calculated changes in stress tensor components are resolved on planes of interest, and changes in failure stress are related to triggering or...

India and Sunda plates motion and deformation along their boundary in Myanmar determined by

by Anne Socquet, Christophe Vigny, Nicolas Chamot-rooke, Wim Simons, Claude Rangin, Boudewijn Ambrosius , 2006
"... [1] Using a regional GPS data set including 190 stations in Asia, from Nepal to eastern Indonesia and spanning 11 years, we update the present-day relative motion between the Indian and Sundaland plates and discuss the deformation taking place between them in Myanmar. Revisiting measurements acquire ..."
Abstract - Cited by 26 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
[1] Using a regional GPS data set including 190 stations in Asia, from Nepal to eastern Indonesia and spanning 11 years, we update the present-day relative motion between the Indian and Sundaland plates and discuss the deformation taking place between them in Myanmar. Revisiting measurements acquired on the Main Boundary Thrust in Nepal, it appears that points in southern Nepal exhibit negligible deformation with respect to mainland India. Including these points, using a longer time span than previous studies, and making an accurate geodetic mapping in the newest reference frame allows us to refine the present-day Indian motion. Our results confirm that the current motion of India is slower than predicted by the NUVEL-1A model, and in addition our India-Eurasia motion is significantly (5 mm/yr) slower than previous geodetic determinations. This new Indian motion, combined with a refined determination of the Sundaland motion, gives way to a relative India-Sunda angular velocity of 20.2N, 26.1E, 0.370/Myr in ITRF2000, predicting a relative motion of 35 mm/yr oriented N10 at the latitude of Myanmar. There, the Sagaing Fault accommodates only 18 mm/yr of right-lateral strike slip, only half of the shear component of motion. We present two models addressing how and where the
(Show Context)

Citation Context

...m a first-order test. We constructed a model using DEFNODE software [McCaffrey, 1995, 2002, 2005] considering rigid blocks separated by faults modeled as locked dislocations in an elastic half-space [=-=Okada, 1985-=-]. The two-fault model is schematized in Figure 6. The surface traces of the faults follow the mapping of the Arakan Trench and the Sagaing Fault [Nielsen et al., 2004; Vigny et al., 2003]. The Sagain...

Powered by: Apache Solr
  • About CiteSeerX
  • Submit and Index Documents
  • Privacy Policy
  • Help
  • Data
  • Source
  • Contact Us

Developed at and hosted by The College of Information Sciences and Technology

© 2007-2019 The Pennsylvania State University