The implications of time for geographical information systems (GIS) have been near the top of the geographical information science research agenda for well over a

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While the application of tracking technologies, like GPS, has been developed substantially in the social sciences and transportation sciences in the last decade, it has failed to make a significant impression in the scientific field of spatial planning. This paper explores the current and future possibilities and the limitations for the application of tracking technologies in spatial planning processes. It is built up around the results of an expert meeting in combination with bibliographical and literature research. After defining the principle application areas of current research on tracking technologies within planning and after sketching its crossdisciplinary character, the paper concludes by formulating major challenges and a future research agenda. 2

This paper responds to recent calls for a Foucauldian population geography by critically analyzing the 2004 Gay and Lesbian Atlas (a U.S.-oriented product of demographers at Washington, D.C.’s Urban Institute, a public policy “think tank”). We employ a framework that foregrounds issues of governmentality, sexuality, gender, and scale to explore how both the Atlas and the 2000 U.S. census from which the Atlas’s data are drawn socially construct, for governmental purposes, certain sexualized populations and spaces. We pay particular attention to the power of scaleframing in this process by varying the spatial scales at which location quotients for same-sex households are situated for census tracts in Seattle, Washington. Following the Atlas’s classification and coding algorithms, we show how the resulting cartography can reveal elements of a population that has previously been invisible in the census – but only relative to certain larger scales. The question of scale therefore becomes an important matter of governmentality, rather than solely a technical issue.