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CloudSim: a toolkit for modeling and simulation of cloud computing environments and evaluation of resource provisioning algorithms
, 2010
"... Cloud computing is a recent advancement wherein IT infrastructure and applications are provided as “services ” to endusers under a usage-based payment model. They can leverage virtualized services even on the fly based on requirements (workload patterns and QoS) varying with time. The application se ..."
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Cited by 199 (23 self)
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Cloud computing is a recent advancement wherein IT infrastructure and applications are provided as “services ” to endusers under a usage-based payment model. They can leverage virtualized services even on the fly based on requirements (workload patterns and QoS) varying with time. The application services hosted under Cloud computing model have complex provisioning, composition, configuration, and deployment requirements. Evaluating the performance of Cloud provisioning policies, application workload models, and resources performance models in a repeatable manner under varying system and user configurations and requirements is difficult to achieve. To overcome this challenge, we propose CloudSim: an extensible simulation toolkit that enables modeling and simulation of Cloud computing systems and application provisioning environments. The CloudSim toolkit supports both system and behaviour modeling of Cloud system components such as data centers, virtual machines (VMs) and resource provisioning policies. It implements generic application provisioning techniques that can be extended with ease and limited efforts. Currently, it supports modeling and simulation of Cloud computing environments consisting of both single and inter-networked clouds (federation of clouds). Moreover, it exposes custom interfaces for implementing policies and provisioning techniques for allocation of VMs under inter-networked Cloud computing scenarios. Several researchers from organisations such as HP Labs in USA are using CloudSim in their investigation on Cloud resource provisioning and energy-efficient management of data center resources.
Dynamically Scaling Applications in the Cloud
"... Scalability is said to be one of the major advantages brought by the cloud paradigm and, more specifically, the one that makes it different to an “advanced outsourcing ” solution. However, there are some important pending issues before makingthedreamedautomatedscalingforapplicationscome true. In thi ..."
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Cited by 49 (1 self)
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Scalability is said to be one of the major advantages brought by the cloud paradigm and, more specifically, the one that makes it different to an “advanced outsourcing ” solution. However, there are some important pending issues before makingthedreamedautomatedscalingforapplicationscome true. In this paper, the most notable initiatives towards whole application scalability in cloud environments are presented. We present relevant efforts at the edge of state of the art technology, providing an encompassing overview of the trends they each follow. We also highlight pending challenges that will likely be addressed in new research efforts and present an ideal scalable cloud system. Categoriesand SubjectDescriptors C.4[Performance of Systems]: reliability availabilityand serviceability, design studies
Disaster Recovery as a Cloud Service: Economic Benefits & Deployment Challenges
"... Many businesses rely on Disaster Recovery (DR) services to prevent either manmade or natural disasters from causing expensive service disruptions. Unfortunately, current DR services come either at very high cost, or with only weak guarantees about the amount of data lost or time required to restart ..."
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Cited by 25 (4 self)
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Many businesses rely on Disaster Recovery (DR) services to prevent either manmade or natural disasters from causing expensive service disruptions. Unfortunately, current DR services come either at very high cost, or with only weak guarantees about the amount of data lost or time required to restart operation after a failure. In this work, we argue that cloud computing platforms are well suited for offering DR as a service due to their pay-as-you-go pricing model that can lower costs, and their use of automated virtual platforms that can minimize the recovery time after a failure. To this end, we perform a pricing analysis to estimate the cost of running a public cloud based DR service and show significant cost reductions compared to using privately owned resources. Further, we explore what additional functionality must be exposed by current cloud platforms and describe what challenges remain in order to minimize cost, data loss, and recovery time in cloud based DR services. 1
Combinatorial auction-based allocation of virtual machine instances in clouds
- in Proc. 2nd IEEE Intl. Conf. on Cloud Computing Technology and Science
"... Abstract—The current cloud computing platforms allocate virtual machine instances to their users through fixed-price allocation mechanisms. We argue that combinatorial auction-based allocation mechanisms are especially efficient over the fixed-price mechanisms since the virtual machine instances are ..."
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Cited by 23 (6 self)
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Abstract—The current cloud computing platforms allocate virtual machine instances to their users through fixed-price allocation mechanisms. We argue that combinatorial auction-based allocation mechanisms are especially efficient over the fixed-price mechanisms since the virtual machine instances are assigned to users having the highest valuation. We formulate the problem of virtual machine allocation in clouds as a combinatorial auction problem and propose two mechanisms to solve it. We perform extensive simulation experiments to compare the two proposed combinatorial auction-based mechanisms with the currently used fixed-price allocation mechanism. Our experiments reveal that the combinatorial auction-based mechanisms can significantly improve the allocation efficiency while generating higher revenue for the cloud providers. I.
CloudNet: Dynamic Pooling of Cloud Resources by Live WAN Migration of Virtual Machines
"... Virtual machine technology and the ease with which VMs can be migrated within the LAN, has changed the scope of resource management from allocating resources on a single server to manipulating pools of resources within a data center. We expect WAN migration of virtual machines to likewise transform ..."
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Cited by 16 (4 self)
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Virtual machine technology and the ease with which VMs can be migrated within the LAN, has changed the scope of resource management from allocating resources on a single server to manipulating pools of resources within a data center. We expect WAN migration of virtual machines to likewise transform the scope of provisioning compute resources from a single data center to multiple data centers spread across the country or around the world. In this paper we present the CloudNet architecure as a cloud framework consisting of cloud computing platforms linked with a VPN based network infrastructure to provide seamless and secure connectivity between enterprise and cloud data center sites. To realize our vision of efficiently pooling geographically distributed data center resources, CloudNet provides optimized support for live WAN migration of virtual machines. Specifically, we present a set of optimizations that minimize the cost of transferring storage and virtual machine memory during migrations over low bandwidth and high latency Internet links. We evaluate our system on an operational cloud platform distributed across the continental US. During simultaneous migrations of four VMs between data centers in Texas and Illinois, CloudNet’s optimizations reduce memory migration time by 65 % and lower bandwidth consumption for the storage and memory transfer by 19GB, a 50 % reduction.
Resource provisioning policies to increase IaaS provider’s profit in a federated Cloud environment
- in Proceedings of 13th IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC’11). Banff: IEEE
, 2011
"... Abstract—Cloud Federation is a recent paradigm that helps Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) providers to overcome resource limitation during spikes in demand for Virtual Machines (VMs) by outsourcing requests to other federation members. IaaS providers also have the option of terminating spot VMs, ..."
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Cited by 15 (4 self)
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Abstract—Cloud Federation is a recent paradigm that helps Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) providers to overcome resource limitation during spikes in demand for Virtual Machines (VMs) by outsourcing requests to other federation members. IaaS providers also have the option of terminating spot VMs, i.e, cheaper VMs that can be canceled to free resources for more profitable VM requests. By both approaches, providers can expect to reject less profitable requests. For IaaS providers, pricing and profit are two important factors, in addition to maintaining a high Quality of Service (QoS) and utilization of their resources to remain in the business. For this, a clear understanding of the usage pattern, types of requests, and infrastructure costs are necessary while making decisions to terminate spot VMs, outsourcing or contributing to the federation. In this paper, we propose policies that help in the decision-making process to increase resources utilization and profit. Simulation results indicate that the proposed policies enhance the profit, utilization, and QoS (smaller number of rejected VM requests) in a Cloud federation environment. I.
Introducing STRATOS: A Cloud Broker Service
- in Cloud Computing (CLOUD), 2012 IEEE 5th International Conference on
, 2012
"... Abstract—This paper introduces a cloud broker service (STRATOS) which facilitates the deployment and runtime man-agement of cloud application topologies using cloud elements/ser-vices sourced on the fly from multiple providers, based on re-quirements specified in higher level objectives. Its impleme ..."
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Cited by 14 (2 self)
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Abstract—This paper introduces a cloud broker service (STRATOS) which facilitates the deployment and runtime man-agement of cloud application topologies using cloud elements/ser-vices sourced on the fly from multiple providers, based on re-quirements specified in higher level objectives. Its implementation and use is evaluated in a set of experiments. Keywords-Cloud Broker Service, Cloud Computing I.
Towards inter-cloud schedulers: A survey of meta- scheduling approaches
- Sixth International Conference on P2P, Parallel, Grid, Cloud and Internet Computing, Oct 26-28 2011
"... Abstract — Cloud computing has emerged as one of the latest technologies for delivering on-demand advanced services over the internet. Various cloud providers have developed data-centres which are spread at several geographically locations, and are available for utilization from internet users. Howe ..."
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Cited by 14 (7 self)
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Abstract — Cloud computing has emerged as one of the latest technologies for delivering on-demand advanced services over the internet. Various cloud providers have developed data-centres which are spread at several geographically locations, and are available for utilization from internet users. However, as the number of resource consumers is increasing significantly, it becomes apparent that the capacity-oriented clouds require coming together and agreeing on common acting behaviours for improving the quality of service, hence providing an overall optimal load allocation. In this direction, current solutions do not support a coordinated distribution of different cloud workloads. Even geographically distributed data-centres from the same vendor (e.g. Amazon) don’t support a seamless mechanic for balancing hosted services as the users require indicating their selected hosts ’ location. To answer this limitation, a recently emerged inter-clouds notion comes to expand cloud capabilities and to offer an improved sharing paradigm of workloads. Herein we present a state-of-the-art review with a particular focus on the adoptability of current meta-schedulers for managing workloads, towards the inter-cloud era. Specifically, by exploiting inter-cloud requirements (e.g. flexibility, geographically distribution etc.) we evaluate various meta-schedulers for future inter-clouds.
MODACLOUDS: A Model-Driven Approach for the Design and Execution of Applications on Multiple Clouds
"... Abstract—Cloud computing is emerging as a major trend in the ICT industry. While most of the attention of the research community is focused on considering the perspective of the Cloud providers, offering mechanisms to support scaling of resources and interoperability and federation between Clouds, t ..."
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Cited by 12 (0 self)
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Abstract—Cloud computing is emerging as a major trend in the ICT industry. While most of the attention of the research community is focused on considering the perspective of the Cloud providers, offering mechanisms to support scaling of resources and interoperability and federation between Clouds, the perspective of developers and operators willing to choose the Cloud without being strictly bound to a specific solution is mostly neglected. We argue that Model-Driven Development can be helpful in this context as it would allow developers to design software systems in a cloud-agnostic way and to be supported by model transformation techniques into the process of instantiating the system into specific, possibly, multiple Clouds. The MODA-CLOUDS (MOdel-Driven Approach for the design and execution of applications on multiple Clouds) approach we present here is based on these principles and aims at supporting system developers and operators in exploiting multiple Clouds for the same system and in migrating (part of) their systems from Cloud to Cloud as needed. MODACLOUDS offers a qualitydriven design, development and operation method and features a Decision Support System to enable risk analysis for the selection of Cloud providers and for the evaluation of the Cloud adoption impact on internal business processes. Furthermore, MODACLOUDS offers a run-time environment for observing the system under execution and for enabling a feedback loop with the design environment. This allows system developers to react to performance fluctuations and to re-deploy applications on different Clouds on the long term. Keywords-Cloud computing, model-driven development, performance, portability. I.
CloudNet: A Platform for Optimized WAN Migration of Virtual Machines
"... Cloud computing platforms are growing from clusters of machines within a data center to networks of data centers with resources spread across the globe. Virtual machine migration within the LAN has changed the scale of resource management from allocating resources on a single server to manipulating ..."
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Cited by 9 (0 self)
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Cloud computing platforms are growing from clusters of machines within a data center to networks of data centers with resources spread across the globe. Virtual machine migration within the LAN has changed the scale of resource management from allocating resources on a single server to manipulating pools of resources within a data center. We expect WAN migration to likewise transform the scope of provisioning from a single data center to multiple data centers spread across the country or around the world. In this paper we propose a cloud computing platform linked with a VPN based network infrastructure that provides seamless connectivity between enterprise and data center sites, as well as support for live WAN migration of virtual machines. We describe a set of optimizations that minimize the cost of transferring persistent storage and moving virtual machine memory during migrations over low bandwidth, high latency Internet links. Our evaluation on both a local testbed and across two real data centers demonstrates that these improvements can reduce total migration and pause time by over 30%. During simultaneous migrations of four VMs between Texas and Illinois, CloudNet’s optimizations reduce memory migration time by 65 % and lower bandwidth consumption for the storage and memory transfer by 20GB, a 57 % reduction. 1
