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Export, R&D and new products: A model and a test on european industries, Working paper 1406
, 2014
"... In this article we extend the model developed by Bogliacino and Pianta (2013a, 2013b) on the link between R&D, innovation and economic performance, considering the impact of innovation of export success. We develop a simultaneous three equation model in order to investigate the existence of a ‘v ..."
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In this article we extend the model developed by Bogliacino and Pianta (2013a, 2013b) on the link between R&D, innovation and economic performance, considering the impact of innovation of export success. We develop a simultaneous three equation model in order to investigate the existence of a ‘virtuous circle ’ between industries ’ R&D, share of product innovators and export market shares. We investigate empirically – at the industry level – three key relationships affecting the dynamics of innovation and export performance: first, the capacity of firms to translate their R&D efforts in new products; second, the role of innovation as a determinant of export market shares; third, the export success as a driver of new R&D efforts. The model is tested for 38 manufacturing and service sectors of six European countries over three time periods from 1995 to 2010. The model effectively accounts for the dynamics of R&D efforts, innovation and international performances of European industries. Moreover, important differences across countries emerge when we split our sample in a Northern group – Germany, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom – and a Southern group – France, Italy and Spain. We find that the ‘virtuous circle ’ between innovation and competitiveness holds for Northern economies only, while Southern industries fail to translate innovation efforts into export success.
2013) ‘Pushes and pulls’: The hi(s)tory of the demand pull model of innovation
- Science, Technology and Human Values
"... Much has been written about the linear model of innovation. While it may have been the dominant model used to explain technological innovation for decades, alternatives did exist. One such alternative—generally discussed as being the exact opposite of the linear model—is the demand-pull model. Begin ..."
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Much has been written about the linear model of innovation. While it may have been the dominant model used to explain technological innovation for decades, alternatives did exist. One such alternative—generally discussed as being the exact opposite of the linear model—is the demand-pull model. Beginning in the 1960s, people from different disciplines started looking at technological innovation from a demand rather than a supply perspective. The theory was that technological innovation is stimulated by market demand rather than by scientific discoveries. However, few traces of the demand-pull model remain in the literature today. This article looks at what happened to the demand-pull model from a historical perspective, at three points in time: birth, crystallization, and death. It suggests that the idea of demand as a factor explaining technological innovation emerged in the 1960s, was formalized into models in the 1970-1980s, then got integrated into ‘‘multidimensional’ ’ models. From then on, the demand-pull model disappeared from the literature, existing only as an object of the past, like the linear model of innovation.
Business cycles, technology and exports
- Economia Politica – Journal of Analytical and Institutional Economics
, 2015
"... This article shows – on both conceptual and empirical grounds- the importance of business cycles in affecting key relationships between innovation and international performance. While periods of upswing are characterised by a well documented „virtuous circle ‟ between innovation inputs, new products ..."
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This article shows – on both conceptual and empirical grounds- the importance of business cycles in affecting key relationships between innovation and international performance. While periods of upswing are characterised by a well documented „virtuous circle ‟ between innovation inputs, new products and export success, during downswings most of the positive relationships and feedbacks tend to break down. The findings of Guarascio et al. (2014) on the long-term relationships between R&D, new products and exports are confirmed and qualified with major novelties. But when the period of analysis is split between periods of upswing and downswing- following Lucchese and Pianta (2012) – significantly different relationships emerge. These results are obtained through an approach that combines several complementary perspectives. A Schumpeterian view on the diversity of technological change allows to disentangle the specificities and effects of innovation inputs and outputs, and of new products and new processes. A structural change perspective on the role of demand as a driver of innovation and on the importance of open economies allows to link industries ‟ dynamics with international competitiveness. A business cycle perspective crossing the two previous appraoches sheds new light on the fragility of key economic relationships and on the long term damage that recessions may cause to the „virtuous circle ‟ of innovation and performance.
Structural Change and Innovation as Exit Strategies from the Middle Income Trap
, 2014
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1 R&D DRIVERS AND AGE: ARE YOUNG FIRMS DIFFERENT?*
"... This paper examines the relationship between R&D drivers and firm’s age, taking into account the autoregressive nature of innovation. Using a large longitudinal dataset comprising Spanish manufacturing firms over the period 1990-2008, we find that previous R&D experience is a fundamental det ..."
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This paper examines the relationship between R&D drivers and firm’s age, taking into account the autoregressive nature of innovation. Using a large longitudinal dataset comprising Spanish manufacturing firms over the period 1990-2008, we find that previous R&D experience is a fundamental determinant for mature and young firms, albeit to a smaller extent in the case of younger firms, suggesting that their innovation behaviour is less persistent and more erratic. Moreover, our results suggest that firm and market characteristics play a distinct role in boosting the innovation activity of firms of different ages. In particular, while market concentration and the degree of product diversification are found to be important in fostering R&D activities in the subsample of mature firms only, young firms ’ spending on R&D appears to be more sensitive to demand-pull variables. These results have been obtained using a recently proposed dynamic type-2 tobit estimator, which accounts for individual effects and efficiently handles the initial conditions problem.
An Empirical Analysis of the Relationship Between Inequality and Innovation in a Schumpeterian Framework
"... to promote scientific discussion. They are not to be quoted without written permission of the author(s). ..."
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to promote scientific discussion. They are not to be quoted without written permission of the author(s).
zbw Leibniz-Informationszentrum WirtschaftLeibniz Information Centre for Economics
, 2011
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Maastricht Economic and social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology,
"... UNU-MERIT Working Papers intend to disseminate preliminary results of research carried out at UNU-MERIT and MGSoG to stimulate discussion on the issues raised. Is money all? Financing versus knowledge and demand constraints to innovation Gabriele Pellegrino a b, Maria Savona c* The paper adds to the ..."
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UNU-MERIT Working Papers intend to disseminate preliminary results of research carried out at UNU-MERIT and MGSoG to stimulate discussion on the issues raised. Is money all? Financing versus knowledge and demand constraints to innovation Gabriele Pellegrino a b, Maria Savona c* The paper adds to the scattered empirical evidence on the role of obstacles to innovation in a three-fold way. First, we correct for the usual sample selection bias by filtering out firms not interested in innovation from ‘potential innovators’. We then analyse the impact of obstacles on the translation of firms ’ engagement in innovative activities onto actual innovative outputs. Second, we assess what mostly affects firms ’ rate of failure in this process, whether finance or, rather, knowledge or demand-related constraints. Third, we do so in a panel framework, which allows to account for endogeneity and firms ’ unobserved heterogeneity through individual effects. We find that demand- and market-related factors are as important as financing
2013 Previous Papers in the Series: 1. B. Godin, Innovation: the History of a Category.
"... Much has been written about the linear model of innovation. While it may have been the dominant model used to explain technological innovation for decades, alternatives did exist. One such alternative – generally discussed as being the exact opposite of the linear model – is the demand-pull model. B ..."
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Much has been written about the linear model of innovation. While it may have been the dominant model used to explain technological innovation for decades, alternatives did exist. One such alternative – generally discussed as being the exact opposite of the linear model – is the demand-pull model. Beginning in the 1960s, people from different horizons started looking at technological innovation from a demand rather than a supply perspective. The theory was that technological innovation is stimulated by market demand rather than by scientific discoveries. However, few traces of the demand-pull model remain in the literature today. This paper looks at what happened to the demand-pull model from a historical perspective, at three points in time: birth, crystallization and death. It suggests that the idea of ‘demand ’ as a factor explaining technological innovation emerged in the
