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... advance knowledge about which cars will provide the traffic information. Generalized software built to support context-aware computing in mobile environments has also become a focus of much research =-=[18]-=-, [21], [43]. Among the best known systems is the Context Toolkit [43], which provides abstractions for representing context information through widgets that collect low-level sensor information and a...

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...Monitoring Our protocol relies on the availability of context information from the environment. To perform this context-sensing service in mobile ad hoc networks, we use the CONSUL monitoring package =-=[13]-=-. As shown in Fig. 3, two components contribute to providing environmental monitoring functionality: the sensing component and the sensor monitoring component. The sensing component allows software to...

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...ehavior include location (e.g., for guide programs [1, 2]), time (e.g., for reminders [3]), or weather conditions (e.g., for automated field notes [4]). While toolkits that allow sensing such context =-=[5, 6, 7]-=- provide information about a device’s physical environment, network context, i.e., information sensed about the status of the communication links, can also be very important. For example, an applicati...

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...s in the library studying, he is part of a particular group project, he is distracted, he is hungry). Existing work has created mechanisms to clearly understand, represent, and use individual context =-=[11, 23]-=-. What is equally interesting is the context of a group of students. Such group context may be symmetric (shared and coordinated among the group members) or asymmetric (egocentric and individualized t...

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...0,2) should have access to both the weight of the link and the identity of the host on the other side of the link. In our implementation, this information is made available to SICC through the CONSUL =-=[11]-=- sensing package. B. Protocol Foundations SICC takes advantage of the fact that a reference host (i.e., the host building the context) specifies the context over which it would like to operate but doe...

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...[19]). Such applications rely on information about the physical world, and several toolkits have been created that provide abstractions for sensing and getting access to such context information [9], =-=[11]-=-, [13]. While adaptation to physical characteristics is the most obvious use of contextawareness, the ability to respond to the condition of the network is just as crucial. Network-awareness is especi...

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... his detour. Improving the architecture to introduce landmarks which are far from the user’s position is a challenge for further work. While we agree with the motivation and requirements presented in =-=[8]-=- (transparent monitoring of context, decoupled communication, scalability etc), our architecture goes a step further than context sensing abstraction, and not only provides a context model, but also a...

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...seminal research projects; we further characterize real-world objects according to the role they can play to assist the user’s travel. While we agree with the motivation and requirements presented in =-=[7]-=- (transparent monitoring of context, decoupled communication, scalability etc), our architecture goes a step further that context sensing abstraction, and not only provides a context model but also a ...

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...valuations appear in Section VI.II. RELATED WORK Sensing and understanding the environment is a necessity in pervasive computing, and many solutions acquire, aggregate, and assess pervasive contexts =-=[16]-=-, [17], [31], including approaches that assess network context [2], [8]. Sensing context is often expensive; joint sensing approaches reduce the costs of determining context in a distributed fashion, ...