Abstract not found

Initiative seminar for their helpful comments. Nexus Work

In this paper we describe the ways participants of the Scratch online community, primarily young people, engage in remix-ing of each others ’ shared animations, games, and interac-tive projects. In particular, we try to answer the following questions: How do users respond to remixing in a social media environment where remixing is explicitly permitted? What qualities of originators and their projects correspond to a higher likelihood of plagiarism accusations? Is there a con-nection between plagiarism complaints and similarities be-tween a remix and the work it is based on? Our findings indi-cate that users have a very wide range of reactions to remix-ing and that as many users react positively as accuse remixers of plagiarism. We test several hypotheses that might explain the high number of plagiarism accusations related to origi-nal project complexity, cumulative remixing, originators ’ in-tegration into remixing practice, and remixee-remixer project similarity, and find support for the first and last explanations.

Abstract not found

Abstract: Research from a variety of perspectives has argued that innovation no longer takes place within a single organization, but rather is distributed across multiple stakeholders in a value network. Here we contrast the vertically integrated innovation model to open innovation, user innovation, as well as other distributed processes (cumulative innovation, communities or social production, and co-creation), while we also discuss open source software and crowdsourcing as applications of the perspectives. We consider differences in the nature of distributed innovation, as well as its origins and its effects. From this, we contrast the predictions of the perspectives on the sources, motivation and value appropriation of external innovation, and thereby provide a framework for the strategic management of distributed innovation.

In this paper we argue that there is a trade-off between generativity and originality in online communities that support open collaboration. We build on foundational theoretical work in peer production to formulate and test a series of hypotheses suggesting that the generativity of creative works is associated with moderate complexity, prominent authors, and cumulativeness. We also formulate and test three hypotheses that these qualities are associated with decreased originality in resulting derivatives. Our analysis uses a rich data set from the Scratch Online Community -a large website where young people openly share and remix animations and video games. We discuss the implications of this trade-off for the design of peer production systems that support amateur creativity.

Conceptualizing new knowledge development as a process of search and recombination, we suggest that a focus on individual productivity alone presents an undersocialized view of human capital. Rather, we emphasize the importance of embedded relationships by individuals to effec-tively perform knowledge-generating activities. We rely on intraorganizational knowledge net-works emerging through individual collaboration to identify actors who can positively influence their organization’s knowledge outcomes. We study two types of such relational stars: integra-tors (outliers in centrality) and connectors (outliers in bridging behavior). We test our ideas using the patenting portfolios of 106 pharmaceutical firms from 1974 to 1998 predicting the

ABSTRACT Open innovation has received an increasing amount of attention from innovation

In this study we present evidence on the importance of inventor characteristics in explaining inventive performance. We use an extraordinarily detailed set of profiles of Swedish inventors, based on linked inventors to register data for more than 80 % of the population of Swedish inventors at the European Patent Office in 2004-2005. We show that 1) inventor characteristics are important predictors for mainly the quantity of patents and 2) a team of inventors having more or better experience in developing patentable technologies produce both higher quality and a larger number of patents.

Communities of Practice (CoPs) in organisation science are often described as ‘the shop floor of human capital’ where learning and knowledge creation which underpins innovation evolves. Adopting the Bristol area geocaching community as a case study, this paper draws on the ‘practice turn ’ in contemporary social theory to study the everyday interaction of the community members in their situated practice. Taking the geocaching community and their practice as a collective unit of analysis, the study employed the qualitative methods of ethnographic interviewing, participant observation and content analysis of archival internet forum logs of members to extend our understanding of the performative processes of social learning and knowledge creations in CoPs. A conceptual framework showing how the interactions among actors and their artefacts and reflexivity in practice could lead to learning and knowledge creation that stimulates innovation in a CoP is presented as a modest attempt to improve our understanding of the dynamics of a CoP renewal and sustainability.