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Logic in Computer Science: Modelling and Reasoning about Systems. (2000)

by M Huth, M Ryan
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Application of formal methods to biological regulatory networks: extending Thomas’ asynchronous logical approach with temporal logic.

by Gilles Bernot , Jean-Paul Comet , Adrien Richard , Janine Guespin - J. Theor. Biol. , 2004
"... Abstract Based on the discrete definition of biological regulatory networks developed by Rene´Thomas, we provide a computer science formal approach to treat temporal properties of biological regulatory networks, expressed in computational tree logic. It is then possible to build all the models sati ..."
Abstract - Cited by 100 (18 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract Based on the discrete definition of biological regulatory networks developed by Rene´Thomas, we provide a computer science formal approach to treat temporal properties of biological regulatory networks, expressed in computational tree logic. It is then possible to build all the models satisfying a set of given temporal properties. Our approach is illustrated with the mucus production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This application of formal methods from computer science to biological regulatory networks should open the way to many other fruitful applications. r
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...e basal state). Consequently the AG statement says that mucus is never produced. On the one hand, proposing a method independent of the example to formally express a biological hypothesis remains a difficult open problem. Here the major key to overcome the problem is our lemma about the relationship between x 2 and the mucus production. On the other hand, the CTL formulae being given, one can automatically extract the compatible models, i.e. the compatible families of parameters K: For each state graph, model checking very efficiently computes all the states which satisfy a set of formulae (Huth and Ryan, 2000). If all the states satisfy the formulae, one says that the model satisfies them. We have designed a software, SMBioNet (Selection of Models of Biological Networks), which allows one to select models of given regulatory graphs according to their temporal properties. The software takes as input biological regulatory graphs (with a graphical interface), CTL formulae and a set of functional loops. It gives as output all the models from the regulatory graphs which satisfy the formulae and make functional the given loops. Technically, SMBioNet: * generates, from the graphs, all the biological regul...

Implementation of Symbolic Model Checking for Probabilistic Systems

by David Anthony Parker , 2002
"... In this thesis, we present ecient implementation techniques for probabilistic model checking, a method which can be used to analyse probabilistic systems such as randomised distributed algorithms, fault-tolerant processes and communication networks. A probabilistic model checker inputs a probabilist ..."
Abstract - Cited by 72 (21 self) - Add to MetaCart
In this thesis, we present ecient implementation techniques for probabilistic model checking, a method which can be used to analyse probabilistic systems such as randomised distributed algorithms, fault-tolerant processes and communication networks. A probabilistic model checker inputs a probabilistic model and a speci cation, such as \the message will be delivered with probability 1", \the probability of shutdown occurring is at most 0.02" or \the probability of a leader being elected within 5 rounds is at least 0.98", and can automatically verify if the speci cation is true in the model.

Multi-Valued Symbolic Model-Checking

by Marsha Chechik, Benet Devereux, Steve Easterbrook, Arie Gurfinkel - ACM TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING AND METHODOLOGY , 2003
"... This paper introduces the concept and the general theory of multi-valued model checking, and describes a multi-valued symbolic model-checker \Chi Chek. Multi-valued ..."
Abstract - Cited by 68 (17 self) - Add to MetaCart
This paper introduces the concept and the general theory of multi-valued model checking, and describes a multi-valued symbolic model-checker \Chi Chek. Multi-valued

Receding horizon control for temporal logic specifications.

by Tichakorn Wongpiromsarn , Ufuk Topcu , Richard M Murray - In 13th ACM international conference on Hybrid systems: computation and control, , 2010
"... ABSTRACT In this paper, we describe a receding horizon framework that satisfies a class of linear temporal logic specifications sufficient to describe a wide range of properties including safety, stability, progress, obligation, response and guarantee. The resulting embedded control software consis ..."
Abstract - Cited by 61 (9 self) - Add to MetaCart
ABSTRACT In this paper, we describe a receding horizon framework that satisfies a class of linear temporal logic specifications sufficient to describe a wide range of properties including safety, stability, progress, obligation, response and guarantee. The resulting embedded control software consists of a goal generator, a trajectory planner, and a continuous controller. The goal generator essentially reduces the trajectory generation problem to a sequence of smaller problems of short horizon while preserving the desired system-level temporal properties. Subsequently, in each iteration, the trajectory planner solves the corresponding short-horizon problem with the currently observed state as the initial state and generates a feasible trajectory to be implemented by the continuous controller. Based on the simulation property, we show that the composition of the goal generator, trajectory planner and continuous controller and the corresponding receding horizon framework guarantee the correctness of the system. To handle failures that may occur due to a mismatch between the actual system and its model, we propose a response mechanism and illustrate, through an example, how the system is capable of responding to certain failures and continues to exhibit a correct behavior.
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...nd v2 v3, then v1 v3. Definition 4. An atomic proposition is a statement on system variables υ that has a unique truth value (True or False) for a given value of υ. Let v ∈ dom(V ) be a state of the system and p be an atomic proposition. We write v p if p is True at the state v. Otherwise, we write v 1 p. Definition 5. An execution σ of a discrete-time system is an infinite sequence of the system states over a particular run, i.e., σ can be written as σ = v0v1v2 . . . where for each t ≥ 0, vt ∈ dom(V ) is the state of the system at time t. Linear Temporal Logic Linear temporal logic (LTL) [13, 7, 3] is a powerful specification language for unambiguously and concisely expressing a wide range of properties of systems. LTL is built up from a set of atomic propositions, the logic connectives (¬, ∨ , ∧ , =⇒), and the temporal modal operators (#, , 3, U which are read as “next,” “always,” “eventually,” and “until,” respectively). An LTL formula is defined inductively as follows: (1) any atomic proposition p is an LTL formula; and (2) given LTL formulas ϕ and ψ, ¬ϕ, ϕ ∨ ψ, #ϕ and ϕ U ψ are also LTL formulas. Other operators can be defined as follows: ϕ ∧ ψ = ¬(¬ϕ ∨ ¬ψ), ϕ =⇒ ψ = ¬ϕ ∨ ψ, 3ϕ = T...

Semantics of Types for Mutable State

by Amal Jamil Ahmed , 2004
"... Proof-carrying code (PCC) is a framework for mechanically verifying the safety of machine language programs. A program that is successfully verified by a PCC system is guaranteed to be safe to execute, but this safety guarantee is contingent upon the correctness of various trusted components. For in ..."
Abstract - Cited by 59 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
Proof-carrying code (PCC) is a framework for mechanically verifying the safety of machine language programs. A program that is successfully verified by a PCC system is guaranteed to be safe to execute, but this safety guarantee is contingent upon the correctness of various trusted components. For instance, in traditional PCC systems the trusted computing base includes a large set of low-level typing rules. Foundational PCC systems seek to minimize the size of the trusted computing base. In particular, they eliminate the need to trust complex, low-level type systems by providing machine-checkable proofs of type soundness for real machine languages. In this thesis, I demonstrate the use of logical relations for proving the soundness of type systems for mutable state. Specifically, I focus on type systems that ensure the safe allocation, update, and reuse of memory. For each type in the language, I define logical relations that explain the meaning of the type in terms of the oper-ational semantics of the language. Using this model of types, I prove each typing rule as a lemma. The major contribution is a model of System F with general references — that is, mutable cells that can hold values of any closed type including other references, functions, recursive types, and impredicative quantified types. The model is based on ideas from both possible worlds and the indexed model of Appel and McAllester. I show how the model of mutable references is encoded in higher-order logic. I also show how to construct an indexed possible-worlds model for a von Neumann machine. The latter is used in the Princeton Foundational PCC system to prove type safety for a full-fledged low-level typed assembly language. Finally, I present a semantic model for a region calculus that supports type-invariant references as well as memory reuse. iii
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...n our model, I will now examine the connections between possible-worlds models of modal logic and our model for λ I . Possible-worlds models are specified by defining the following (see Huth and Ryan =-=[HR00]-=-): • A set W, whose elements are called worlds. In Kripke’s multiple-world interpretation of modal logic, a proposition is true or false relative to a world. Similarly, in our model, a value v has typ...

Synthesising verified access control systems

by Nan Zhang - in XACML. In FMSE ’04 , 2004
"... sy? H? J TU? EQ? R B V FD1E V^Z ®¯R>)Z FD jk B V no E> []#C)B V J TUV R> [^[rH l ..."
Abstract - Cited by 46 (5 self) - Add to MetaCart
sy? H? J TU? EQ? R B V FD1E V^Z ®¯R>)Z FD jk B V no E> []#C)B V J TUV R> [^[rH l

Test generation based on symbolic specifications

by Lars Frantzen, Jan Tretmans, Tim A. C. Willemse - FATES 2004, number 3395 in LNCS , 2005
"... Abstract. Classical state-oriented testing approaches are based on simple machine models such as Labelled Transition Systems (LTSs), in which data is represented by concrete values. To implement these theories, data types which have infinite universes have to be cut down to finite variants, which ar ..."
Abstract - Cited by 43 (7 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract. Classical state-oriented testing approaches are based on simple machine models such as Labelled Transition Systems (LTSs), in which data is represented by concrete values. To implement these theories, data types which have infinite universes have to be cut down to finite variants, which are subsequently enumerated to fit in the model. This leads to an explosion of the state space. Moreover, exploiting the syntactical and/or semantical information of the involved data types is non-trivial after enumeration. To overcome these problems, we lift the family of testing relations iocoF to the level of Symbolic Transition Systems (STSs). We present an algorithm based on STSs, which generates and executes tests on-the-fly on a given system. It is sound and complete for the iocoF testing relations. 1
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...t Order Logic Test Generation Based on Symbolic Specifications 3 We use basic concepts from first order logic as our framework for dealing with data. For a general introduction into logic we refer to =-=[4]-=-. From hereon we assume a first order structure as given, i.e.:s4 L. Frantzen, J. Tretmans, and T.A.C. Willemse – A logical signature S = (F, P ) with • F is a set of function symbols. Each f∈F has a ...

Comparing semantics of logics for multi-agent systems

by Valentin Goranko, Wojciech Jamroga - Synthese
"... Abstract. We draw parallels between several closely related logics that combine { in dierent proportions { elements of game theory, computation tree logics, and epistemic logics to reason about agents and their abilities. These are: the coalition game logics CL and ECL introduced by Pauly in 2000, t ..."
Abstract - Cited by 40 (14 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract. We draw parallels between several closely related logics that combine { in dierent proportions { elements of game theory, computation tree logics, and epistemic logics to reason about agents and their abilities. These are: the coalition game logics CL and ECL introduced by Pauly in 2000, the alternating-time tem-poral logic ATL developed by Alur, Henzinger and Kupferman between 1997 and 2002, and the alternating-time temporal epistemic logic ATEL by van der Hoek and Wooldridge (2002). In particular, we establish some subsumption and equivalence results for their semantics, as well as interpretation of the alternating-time temporal epistemic logic into ATL. The focus in this paper is on models: alternating transition systems, multi-player game models (alias concurrent game structures) and coalition eectivity models turn out to be intimately related, while alternating epistemic transition systems share much of their philosophical and formal apparatus. Our approach is constructive: we present ways to transform between dierent types of models and languages.

Receding Horizon Temporal Logic Planning for Dynamical Systems

by Tichakorn Wongpiromsarn, Ufuk Topcu, Richard M. Murray - In 48th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) 2009 , 2009
"... Abstract—This paper bridges the advances in computer science and control to allow automatic synthesis of complex dynamical systems which are guaranteed, by construction, to satisfy the desired properties even in the presence of adversary. The desired properties are expressed in the language of tempo ..."
Abstract - Cited by 37 (7 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract—This paper bridges the advances in computer science and control to allow automatic synthesis of complex dynamical systems which are guaranteed, by construction, to satisfy the desired properties even in the presence of adversary. The desired properties are expressed in the language of tempo-ral logic. With its expressive power, a wider class of properties than safety and stability can be specified. The resulting system consists of a discrete planner which plans, in the abstracted discrete domain, a set of transitions of the system to ensure the correct behaviors and a continuous controller which continu-ously implements the plan. For a system with certain structure, we present an approach, based on a receding horizon scheme, to overcome computational difficulties in the synthesis of a discrete planner and allow more complex problems to be solved. I.
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...1v2 . . . where for each t 0, vt dom V is the state of the system at time t. B. Linear Temporal Logic The use of linear temporal logic (LTL) as a specification language was introduced by Pnueli [12], =-=[13]-=-. LTL is built up from a set of atomic propositions, the logic connectives ( , , , ), and the temporal modal operators ( , , , )1. An LTL formula is defined inductively as follows. 1) Any atomic propo...

Detecting Malicious Code by Model Checking

by Johannes Kinder, Stefan Katzenbeisser, Christian Schallhart, Helmut Veith
"... ..."
Abstract - Cited by 36 (6 self) - Add to MetaCart
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...n this register is always pushed onto the stack”. In theory this can can be done in a temporal logic such as CTL [7]. For an introduction to temporal logics in the context of verification we refer to =-=[5, 9]-=-. We model the control flow graph of an executable as a Kripke structure, i.e., as a labeled finite graph. A Kripke structure M is a triple 〈S, R, L〉, where S is a set of states, R ⊆ S × S is a total ...

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