Results 11 - 20 of 305

The design space of robots: Investigating children’s views

by Sarah Woods, Kerstin Dautenhahn , 2004
"... Our study considers children’s perceptions of robots in terms of physical attributes, personality and emotion traits. To examine children’s attitudes towards robots, a questionnaire approach was taken with a large sample of children, followed by a detailed statistical framework to analyse the data. ..."
Abstract - Cited by 31 (14 self) - Add to MetaCart
Our study considers children’s perceptions of robots in terms of physical attributes, personality and emotion traits. To examine children’s attitudes towards robots, a questionnaire approach was taken with a large sample of children, followed by a detailed statistical framework to analyse the data. Results show that children clearly distinguish between emotions and behaviour when judging robots. The distinguishing robotic physical characteristics for positive and negative emotions and behaviour are highlighted. Children judge human-like robots as aggressive, but human-machine robots as friendly providing support for the Uncanny Valley. The paper concludes with discussing the results in light of design implications for children’s robots. 1
(Show Context)

P.: From isolation to communication: a case study evaluation of robot assisted play for children with autism with a minimally expressive humanoid robot

by Ben Robins, Kerstin Dautenhahn, Paul Dickerson - In: Proc. International Conference on Advances in Computer-Human Interactions , 2009
"... Abstract – The general context of the work presented in this paper is assistive robotics with our long-term aim to support children with autism. This paper is part of the Aurora project that studies ways in which robotic systems can encourage basic communication and social interaction skills in chil ..."
Abstract - Cited by 30 (7 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract – The general context of the work presented in this paper is assistive robotics with our long-term aim to support children with autism. This paper is part of the Aurora project that studies ways in which robotic systems can encourage basic communication and social interaction skills in children with autism. This paper investigates how a small minimally expressive humanoid robot KASPAR can assume the role of a social mediator- encouraging children with low functioning autism to interact with the robot, and to break their isolation and importantly, to interact with other people. The article provides a case study evaluation of segments of trials where three children with autism, who usually do not interact with other people in their day to day activity, interacted with the robot and with co-present adults. A preliminary observational analysis was undertaken which applied, in abbreviated form, certain principles from conversation analysis- notably attention to the context in which the target behaviour occurred. The analysis was conducted by a social psychologist with expertise in using conversation analysis to understand interactions involving persons with an ASD. The analysis emphasises aspects of embodiment and interaction kinesics and revealed unexpected competencies on the part of the children. It showed how the robot served as a salient object mediating and encouraging interaction between the children and co-present adults. I.
(Show Context)

Robot, Asker of Questions

by Terrence Fong, Charles Thorpe, Charles Baur , 2003
"... Collaborative control is a teleoperation system model based on human-robot dialogue. With this model, the robot asks questions to the human in order to obtain assistance with cognition and perception. This enables the human to function as a resource for the robot and to help compensate for limitatio ..."
Abstract - Cited by 29 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
Collaborative control is a teleoperation system model based on human-robot dialogue. With this model, the robot asks questions to the human in order to obtain assistance with cognition and perception. This enables the human to function as a resource for the robot and to help compensate for limitations of autonomy. To understand how collaborative control influences human-robot interaction, we performed a user study based on contextual inquiry. The study revealed that: (1) dialogue helps users understand problems encountered by the robot and (2) human assistance is a limited resource that must be carefully managed.

What is a human? Toward psychological benchmarks in the field of human-robot interaction. Interaction Studies: Social Behaviour and Communication in

by Peter H. Kahn, Hiroshi Ishiguro, Batya Friedman, Nathan G. Freier, Rachel L. Severson, Jessica Miller - Biological and Artificial Systems , 2007
"... of human–robot interaction ..."
Abstract - Cited by 28 (7 self) - Add to MetaCart
of human–robot interaction
(Show Context)

The utility of affect expression in natural language interactions in joint human-robot tasks

by Matthias Scheutz - In Proceedings of the 1st ACM International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction , 2006
"... Recognizing and responding to human affect is important in collaborative tasks in joint human-robot teams. In this paper we present an integrated architecture for HRI and report results from an experiment with this architecture that shows that expressing affect and responding to human affect with af ..."
Abstract - Cited by 28 (17 self) - Add to MetaCart
Recognizing and responding to human affect is important in collaborative tasks in joint human-robot teams. In this paper we present an integrated architecture for HRI and report results from an experiment with this architecture that shows that expressing affect and responding to human affect with affect expressions improves performance in a joint human-robot task. 1.
(Show Context)

Comparing Human Robot Interaction Scenarios Using Live and Video Based Methods: Towards a Novel Methodological Approach

by Sarah Woods, Michael Walters, Kheng Lee Koay, Kerstin Dautenhahn - Proceedings of The 9th International Workshop on Advanced Motion Control (AMC'06 , 2006
"... Abstract — This paper presents results of a pilot study that investigated whether people’s perceptions from live and video HRI trials were comparable. Subjects participated in a live HRI trial and videotaped HRI trials in which the scenario for both trials was identical, and involved a robot fetchin ..."
Abstract - Cited by 27 (8 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract — This paper presents results of a pilot study that investigated whether people’s perceptions from live and video HRI trials were comparable. Subjects participated in a live HRI trial and videotaped HRI trials in which the scenario for both trials was identical, and involved a robot fetching an object using different approach directions. Results of the trials indicated moderate to high levels of agreement for subjects’ preferences, and opinions for both the live and video based HRI trials. This methodology is in its infancy and should not be seen as a replacement for live trials. However, our results indicate that for certain HRI scenarios videotaped trials do have potential as a technique for prototyping, testing, developing HRI scenarios, and testing methodologies for use in definitive live trials. I.
(Show Context)

Methodological issues in hri: A comparison of live and video-based methods in robot to human approach direction trials

by Sarah Naomi Woods , Michael Leonard Walters , Kheng Lee Koay , Kerstin Dautenhahn - In Proceedings of the 15th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication , 2006
"... Abstract-The main aim of this study was to confirm the findings from previous pilot studies that results obtained from the same Human Robot Interaction (HRI) scenarios in trials using both video-based and live methodologies were comparable. We investigated how a robot should approach human subjects ..."
Abstract - Cited by 26 (10 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract-The main aim of this study was to confirm the findings from previous pilot studies that results obtained from the same Human Robot Interaction (HRI) scenarios in trials using both video-based and live methodologies were comparable. We investigated how a robot should approach human subjects in various scenarios relevant to the robot fetching an object for the subject. These scenarios include a human subject sitting in an open space, sitting at a table, standing in an open space and standing against a wall. The subjects experienced the robot approaching from various directions for each of these contexts in HRI trials that were both live and video-based. There was a high degree of agreement between the results obtained from both the live and video based trials using the same scenarios. The main findings from both types of trial methodology were: Humans strongly did not like a direct frontal approach by a robot, especially while sitting (even at a table) or while standing with their back to a wall. An approach from the front left or front right was preferred. When standing in an open space a frontal approach was more acceptable and although a rear approach was not usually most preferred, it was generally acceptable to subjects if physically more convenient.
(Show Context)

In your face, robot! The influence of a character’s embodiment on how users perceive its emotional expressions

by Christoph Bartneck, Juliane Reichenbach, Albert Van Breemen - IN DESIGN AND EMOTION 2004 CONFERENCE , 2004
"... The ability of artificial characters to express emotions is essential for the natural interaction with humans. Their absence could be interpreted as coldness towards the user. Artificial characters can have different embodiments. Screen characters and robotic characters are currently among the most ..."
Abstract - Cited by 23 (3 self) - Add to MetaCart
The ability of artificial characters to express emotions is essential for the natural interaction with humans. Their absence could be interpreted as coldness towards the user. Artificial characters can have different embodiments. Screen characters and robotic characters are currently among the most widely used. This study investigates the influence of the character’s embodiment on how users perceive the character’s emotional expressions. The results show that there is no significant difference in the perceived intensity and recognition accuracy between a robotic character and a screen character. Another important aspect of the character is its ability to express different emotional intensity levels. Developers create different geometrical intensity levels of emotional expressions by equally dividing the spatial difference of each facial component between the neutral and maximum expression. However, the relationship between this geometrical intensity and the intensity perceived by the user might not be strictly linear. This study shows that also a quadratic trend is present in this relationship and that10 % steps increase of geometrical intensity can often be distinguished whereas 20 % steps can be distinguished almost all the time.

Transfer Scenarios: Grounding Innovation with Marginal Practices

by Sara Ljungblad, et al. - SUBMITTED TO CHI’07 , 2007
"... Transfer scenarios is a method developed to support the design of innovative interactive technology. Such a method should help the designer to come up with inventive ideas, and at the same time provide grounding in real human needs. In transfer scenarios, we use marginal practices to encourage a cha ..."
Abstract - Cited by 21 (5 self) - Add to MetaCart
Transfer scenarios is a method developed to support the design of innovative interactive technology. Such a method should help the designer to come up with inventive ideas, and at the same time provide grounding in real human needs. In transfer scenarios, we use marginal practices to encourage a changed mindset throughout the design process. A marginal practice consists of individuals who share an activity that they find meaningful. We regard these individuals not as end-users, but as valuable input in the design process. We applied this method when designing novel applications for autonomous embodied agents, e.g. robots. Owners of unusual pets, such as snakes and spiders, were interviewed- not with the intention to design robot pets, but to determine underlying needs and interests of their practice. The results were then used to design a set of applications for more general users, including a dynamic living-room wall and a set of communicating hobby robots.
(Show Context)

A Design-Centred Framework for Social Human-Robot Interaction

by Christoph Bartneck, Jodi Forlizzi - 13TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ROBOT AND HUMAN INTERACTIVE COMMUNICATION , 2004
"... Robots currently integrate into our everyday lives, but little is known about how they can act socially. In this paper we propose a definition of social robots and describe a framework that classifies properties of social robots. The properties consist of form, modality, social norms, autonomy, and ..."
Abstract - Cited by 20 (3 self) - Add to MetaCart
Robots currently integrate into our everyday lives, but little is known about how they can act socially. In this paper we propose a definition of social robots and describe a framework that classifies properties of social robots. The properties consist of form, modality, social norms, autonomy, and interactivity. Finally, we provide broad guidelines for the design of social robots.
(Show Context)