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131
Semantic feature production norms for a large set of living and nonliving things. Behavior Research Methods
, 2005
"... living and nonliving things ..."
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Becoming Syntactic
, 2006
"... Psycholinguistic research has shown that the influence of abstract syntactic knowledge on performance is shaped by particular sentences that have been experienced. To explore this idea, the authors applied a connectionist model of sentence production to the development and use of abstract syntax. Th ..."
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Cited by 96 (6 self)
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Psycholinguistic research has shown that the influence of abstract syntactic knowledge on performance is shaped by particular sentences that have been experienced. To explore this idea, the authors applied a connectionist model of sentence production to the development and use of abstract syntax. The model makes use of (a) error-based learning to acquire and adapt sequencing mechanisms and (b) meaning–form mappings to derive syntactic representations. The model is able to account for most of what is known about structural priming in adult speakers, as well as key findings in preferential looking and elicited production studies of language acquisition. The model suggests how abstract knowledge and concrete experience are balanced in the development and use of syntax.
Morphological influences on the recognition of monosyllabic monomorphemic words
- Journal of Memory and Language
, 2006
"... Balota, Cortese, Sergent-Marschall, Spieler, and Yap (2004) have cautioned researchers in the field about the drawbacks of factorial designs where variables are manipulated in a noncontinuous manner and effects are assessed in terms of the presence or absence of a significant effect. They have eloqu ..."
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Cited by 68 (21 self)
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Balota, Cortese, Sergent-Marschall, Spieler, and Yap (2004) have cautioned researchers in the field about the drawbacks of factorial designs where variables are manipulated in a noncontinuous manner and effects are assessed in terms of the presence or absence of a significant effect. They have eloquently demonstrated for us the power of regression analyses based on hundreds or even thousands of data points and the potential
An amorphous model for morphological processing in visual comprehension based on naive discriminative learning
- Pscychological Review
, 2011
"... A two-layer symbolic network model based on the equilibrium equations of the Rescorla-Wagner model (Danks, 2003) is proposed. The study starts by presenting two experiments in Serbian, which reveal for sentential reading the inflectional paradigmatic effects previously observed by Milin, Filipović ..."
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Cited by 40 (13 self)
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A two-layer symbolic network model based on the equilibrium equations of the Rescorla-Wagner model (Danks, 2003) is proposed. The study starts by presenting two experiments in Serbian, which reveal for sentential reading the inflectional paradigmatic effects previously observed by Milin, Filipović Durdević, and Moscoso del Prado Mart́ın (2009) for unprimed lexical de-cision. The empirical results are successfully modeled without having to assume separate representations for inflections or data structures such as in-flectional paradigms. In the next step, the same naive discriminative learn-ing approach is pitted against a wide range of effects documented in the morphological processing literature. Frequency effects for complex words as well as for phrases (Arnon & Snider, 2010) emerge in the model without the presence of whole-word or whole-phrase representations. Family size effects (Schreuder & Baayen, 1997; Moscoso del Prado Mart́ın, Bertram, Häikiö, Schreuder, & Baayen, 2004) emerge in the simulations across simple words, derived words, and compounds, without derived words or compounds being represented as such. It is shown that for pseudo-derived words no special morpho-orthographic segmentation mechanism as posited by Rastle, Davis, and New (2004) is required. The model also replicates the finding of Plag and Baayen (2009), that, on average, words with more productive af-fixes elicit longer response latencies, while at the same time predicting that productive affixes afford faster response latencies for new words. English phrasal paradigmatic effects modulating isolated word reading are reported and modelled, showing that the paradigmatic effects characterizing Serbian case inflection have cross-linguistic scope.
Graded semantic and phonological similarity effects in priming: evidence for a distributed connectionist approach to morphology
- Journal of Experimental Psychology: General
, 2007
"... A considerable body of empirical and theoretical research suggests that morphological structure governs the representation of words in memory and that many words are decomposed into morphological components in processing. The authors investigated an alternative approach in which morphology arises fr ..."
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Cited by 35 (1 self)
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A considerable body of empirical and theoretical research suggests that morphological structure governs the representation of words in memory and that many words are decomposed into morphological components in processing. The authors investigated an alternative approach in which morphology arises from the interaction of semantic and phonological codes. A series of cross-modal lexical decision experiments shows that the magnitude of priming reflects the degree of semantic and phonological overlap between words. Crucially, moderately similar items produce intermediate facilitation (e.g., lately–late). This pattern is observed for word pairs exhibiting different types of morphological rela-tionships, including suffixed–stem (e.g., teacher–teach), suffixed–suffixed (e.g., saintly–sainthood), and prefixed–stem pairs ( preheat–heat). The results can be understood in terms of connectionist models that use distributed representations rather than discrete morphemes.
Lexical Dynamics for Low-Frequency Complex Words: A Regression Study Across Tasks and Modalities
"... In this study we examine the word recognition process for low-frequency morphologically complex words. One goal of the study was to replicate and expand upon findings suggesting facilitative effects of morphological relatives of a target word. A second goal was to demonstrate the need for a reinterp ..."
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Cited by 34 (11 self)
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In this study we examine the word recognition process for low-frequency morphologically complex words. One goal of the study was to replicate and expand upon findings suggesting facilitative effects of morphological relatives of a target word. A second goal was to demonstrate the need for a reinterpretation of root and surface frequency effects, which traditionally have been taken as indicators of parsing-based and memory-driven processing, respectively. In a first study, we used the same stimuli across auditory and visual lexical decision and naming. Mixed-effects statistical modeling revealed that surface frequency was a robust predictor of RTs even in the very low end of the distribution, but root frequency was not. Also, the nature of the similarity between a target and its lexical competitors is crucial. Measures gauging the influence of morphological relatives of the target were facilitative, while measures gauging the influence of words related only in form were inhibitory. A second study analysing data from the English Lexicon Project, for a large sample of words from across the full frequency range, supports these conclusions. An information-theoretical analysis of root and surface frequency explains why surface frequency must be the most important predictor, with only a marginal role for root frequency.
I: How the brain constructs cognition
- Mareschal, D and Johnson, MH
, 2003
"... Below is the unedited précis of a book that is being accorded BBS multiple book review. This preprint has been prepared for potential commentators who wish to nominate themselves for formal commentary invitation. Please do not write a commentary unless you receive a formal invitation. Invited commen ..."
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Cited by 32 (18 self)
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Below is the unedited précis of a book that is being accorded BBS multiple book review. This preprint has been prepared for potential commentators who wish to nominate themselves for formal commentary invitation. Please do not write a commentary unless you receive a formal invitation. Invited commentators will receive full instructions. Commentary must be based on the book.*
Distinctive features hold a privileged status in the computation of word meaning: Implications for theories of semantic memory
- Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition
, 2006
"... The authors present data from 2 feature verification experiments designed to determine whether distinctive features have a privileged status in the computation of word meaning. They use an attractor-based connectionist model of semantic memory to derive predictions for the experiments. Contrary to c ..."
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Cited by 30 (1 self)
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The authors present data from 2 feature verification experiments designed to determine whether distinctive features have a privileged status in the computation of word meaning. They use an attractor-based connectionist model of semantic memory to derive predictions for the experiments. Contrary to central predictions of the conceptual structure account, but consistent with their own model, the authors present empirical evidence that distinctive features of both living and nonliving things do indeed have a privileged role in the computation of word meaning. The authors explain the mechanism through which these effects are produced in their model by presenting an analysis of the weight structure developed in the network during training.
Speaking Up for Vocabulary: Reading Skill Differences in Young Adults
"... This study is part of a broader project aimed at developing cognitive and neurocognitive profiles of adolescent and young adult readers whose educational and occupational prospects are constrained by their limited literacy skills. We explore the relationships among reading-related abilities in parti ..."
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Cited by 30 (2 self)
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This study is part of a broader project aimed at developing cognitive and neurocognitive profiles of adolescent and young adult readers whose educational and occupational prospects are constrained by their limited literacy skills. We explore the relationships among reading-related abilities in participants ages 16 to 24 years spanning a wide range of reading ability. Two specific questions are addressed: (a) Does the simple view of reading capture all nonrandom variation in reading comprehension? (b) Does orally assessed vocabulary knowledge account for variance in reading comprehension, as predicted by the lexical quality hypothesis? A comprehensive battery of cognitive and educational tests was employed to assess phonological awareness, decoding, verbal working memory, listening comprehension, reading comprehension, word knowledge, and experience with print. In this heterogeneous sample, decoding ability clearly played an important role in reading comprehension. The simple view of reading gave a reasonable fit to the data, although it did not capture all of the reliable variance in reading comprehension as predicted. Orally assessed vocabulary knowledge captured unique variance in reading comprehension even after listening comprehension and decoding skill were accounted for. We explore how a specific connectionist model of lexical representation and lexical access can account for these findings. Surprisingly, the cognitive basis of reading differences has not been nearly as well studied in young
Boredom: A Review
- Human Factors
, 1981
"... Edward Jenner, who discovered that it is possible to vaccinate against Small Pox using material from Cow Pox, is rightly the man who started the science of immunology. However, over the passage of time many of the details surrounding his astounding discovery have been lost or forgotten. Also, the en ..."
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Cited by 23 (0 self)
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Edward Jenner, who discovered that it is possible to vaccinate against Small Pox using material from Cow Pox, is rightly the man who started the science of immunology. However, over the passage of time many of the details surrounding his astounding discovery have been lost or forgotten. Also, the environment within which Jenner worked as a physician in the countryside, and the state of the art of medicine and society are difficult to appreciate today. It is important to recall that people were still being bled at the time, to relieve the presence of evil humors. Accordingly, this review details Jenner’s discovery and attempts to place it in historical context. Also, the vaccine that Jenner used, which decreased the prevalence of Small Pox worldwide in his own time, and later was used to eradicate Small Pox altogether, is discussed in light of recent data.
