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158
Supple: Automatically generating user interfaces
- In IUI’04
, 2004
"... In order to give people ubiquitous access to software applications, device controllers, and Internet services, it will be necessary to automatically adapt user interfaces to the computational devices at hand (e.g., cell phones, PDAs, touch panels, etc.). While previous researchers have proposed solu ..."
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Cited by 138 (14 self)
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In order to give people ubiquitous access to software applications, device controllers, and Internet services, it will be necessary to automatically adapt user interfaces to the computational devices at hand (e.g., cell phones, PDAs, touch panels, etc.). While previous researchers have proposed solutions to this problem, each has limitations. This paper proposes a novel solution based on treating interface adaptation as an optimization problem. When asked to render an interface on a specific device, our Supple system searches for the rendition that meets the device’s constraints and minimizes the estimated effort for the user’s expected interface actions. We make several contributions: 1) precisely defining the interface rendition problem, 2) demonstrating how user traces can be used to customize interface rendering to particular user’s usage pattern, 3) presenting an efficient interface rendering algorithm, 4) performing experiments that demonstrate the utility of our approach.
Flow Map Layout
- Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization
, 2005
"... Cartographers have long used flow maps to show the movement of objects from one location to another, such as the number of people in a migration, the amount of goods being traded, or the number of packets in a network. The advantage of flow maps is that they reduce visual clutter by merging edges. M ..."
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Cited by 72 (1 self)
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Cartographers have long used flow maps to show the movement of objects from one location to another, such as the number of people in a migration, the amount of goods being traded, or the number of packets in a network. The advantage of flow maps is that they reduce visual clutter by merging edges. Most flow maps are drawn by hand and there are few computer algorithms available. We present a method for generating flow maps using hierarchical clustering given a set of nodes, positions, and flow data between the nodes. Our techniques are inspired by graph layout algorithms that minimize edge crossings and distort node positions while maintaining their relative position to one another. We demonstrate our technique by producing flow maps for network traffic, census data, and trade data.
An Invitation to Discuss Computer Depiction
, 2002
"... This paper draws from art history and perception to place computer depiction in the broader context of picture production. It highlights the often underestimated complexity of the interactions between features in the picture and features of the represented scene. Depiction is not always a unidirecti ..."
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Cited by 63 (4 self)
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This paper draws from art history and perception to place computer depiction in the broader context of picture production. It highlights the often underestimated complexity of the interactions between features in the picture and features of the represented scene. Depiction is not always a unidirectional projection from a 3D scene to a 2D picture, but involves much feedback and influence from the picture space to the object space. Depiction can be seen as a pre-existing 3D reality projected onto 2D, but also as a 2D pictorial representation that is superficially compatible with an hypothetic 3D scene. We show that depiction is essentially an optimization problem, producing the best picture given goals and constraints. We introduce a classification of basic depiction techniques based on four kinds of issue. The spatial system deals with the mapping of spatial properties between 3D and 2D (including, but not restricted to, perspective projection). The primitive system deals with the dimensionality and mappings between picture primitives and scene primitives. Attributes deal with the assignment of visual properties such as colors, texture, or thickness. Finally, marks are the physical implementations of the picture (e.g. brush strokes, mosaic cells). A distinction is introduced between interaction and picturegeneration methods, and techniques are then organized depending on the dimensionality of the inputs and outputs.
Halo: a Technique for Visualizing Off-Screen Locations
- In Proc. CHI’03
, 2003
"... As users pan and zoom, display content can disappear into off-screen space, particularly on small-screen devices. The clipping of locations, such as relevant places on a map, can make spatial cognition tasks harder. Halo is a visualization technique that supports spatial cognition by showing users t ..."
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Cited by 56 (4 self)
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As users pan and zoom, display content can disappear into off-screen space, particularly on small-screen devices. The clipping of locations, such as relevant places on a map, can make spatial cognition tasks harder. Halo is a visualization technique that supports spatial cognition by showing users the location of off-screen objects. Halo accomplishes this by surrounding off-screen objects with rings that are just large enough to reach into the border region of the display window. From the portion of the ring that is visible on-screen, users can infer the offscreen location of the object at the center of the ring. We report the results of a user study comparing Halo with an arrow-based visualization technique with respect to four types of map-based route planning tasks. When using the Halo interface, users completed tasks 16-33% faster, while there were no significant differences in error rate for three out of four tasks in our study.
Visual Interest and NPR: an Evaluation and Manifesto
- NPAR 2004
, 2004
"... Using eye tracking, we study the way viewers look at photos and image based NPR illustrations. Viewers examine the same number of locations in photos and in NPR images with uniformly high or low detail. In contrast, viewers are attracted to areas where detail is locally preserved in meaningfully abs ..."
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Cited by 51 (4 self)
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Using eye tracking, we study the way viewers look at photos and image based NPR illustrations. Viewers examine the same number of locations in photos and in NPR images with uniformly high or low detail. In contrast, viewers are attracted to areas where detail is locally preserved in meaningfully abstracted images. This accords with the idea that artists carefully manipulate detail to control interest and understanding. It also validates the method of meaningful abstraction used in DeCarlo and Santella [2002]. Results also suggest eye tracking can be a useful tool for evaluation of NPR systems.
Preference Elicitation for Interface Optimization
- In Proceedings of UIST 2005
, 2005
"... Decision-theoretic optimization is becoming a popular tool in the user interface community, but creating accurate cost (or utility) functions has become a bottleneck --- in most cases the numerous parameters of these functions are chosen manually, which is a tedious and error-prone process. This pap ..."
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Cited by 48 (11 self)
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Decision-theoretic optimization is becoming a popular tool in the user interface community, but creating accurate cost (or utility) functions has become a bottleneck --- in most cases the numerous parameters of these functions are chosen manually, which is a tedious and error-prone process. This paper describes ARNAULD, a general interactive tool for eliciting user preferences concerning concrete outcomes and using this feedback to automatically learn a factored cost function. We empirically evaluate our machine learning algorithm and two automatic query generation approaches and report on an informal user study.
Biketastic: Sensing and Mapping for Better Biking
"... Bicycling is an affordable, environmentally friendly alternative transportation mode to motorized travel. A common task performed by bikers is to find good routes in an area, where the quality of a route is based on safety, efficiency, and enjoyment. Finding routes involves trial and error as well a ..."
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Cited by 42 (5 self)
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Bicycling is an affordable, environmentally friendly alternative transportation mode to motorized travel. A common task performed by bikers is to find good routes in an area, where the quality of a route is based on safety, efficiency, and enjoyment. Finding routes involves trial and error as well as exchanging information between members of a bike community. Biketastic is a platform that enriches this experimentation and route sharing process making it both easier and more effective. Using a mobile phone application and online map visualization, bikers are able to document and share routes, ride statistics, sensed information to infer route roughness and noisiness, and media that documents ride experience. Biketastic was designed to ensure the link between information gathering, visualization, and bicycling practices. In this paper, we present architecture and algorithms for route data inferences and visualization. We evaluate the system based on feedback from bicyclists provided during a two-week pilot. Author Keywords Location based services, mobile sensing systems, participatory
User-Adaptive Maps for Location-Based Services (LBS) for Tourism
, 2002
"... Producing interactive maps for internet applications in tourism has become widespread. But they are often quite simple in terms of adaptation to the user or context. We argue that it is not enough to focus on adaptions to technical parameters (device characteristics, QoS, location, ), but propose th ..."
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Cited by 40 (5 self)
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Producing interactive maps for internet applications in tourism has become widespread. But they are often quite simple in terms of adaptation to the user or context. We argue that it is not enough to focus on adaptions to technical parameters (device characteristics, QoS, location, ), but propose that tourist maps need to be dynamically generated according to a wider range of variables from user preferences and interests, the given task, cultural aspects to communicative goals and actual context and location. This means that a system that is able to generate such maps needs to exploit user models and context knowledge. Within this paper, we focus on two aspects of LBS, i.e., using the spatial and personal context for proactive tips and generating personalised maps, by presenting an overview about posible parameters and propose a model for adaptive map generation and give examples of first prototypical realizations.
