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...l error rate. Consequently, DD algorithms are not a good choice for cold startup of BPSK equalizers [12], and the situation may only be worse for BOM signals since the open eye region is even smaller =-=[13]-=-. C. Example 1: False Local Minima in DD-LMS To illustrate the fact that DD-LMS is indeed sensitive to initialization with BOM signals, we consider a specific low-dimensional example which permits us ...