RATHER THAN REPLACING EMPLOYEES. THEY ARE BEING USED TO MAKE

and always has sufficient receiver window and sender data. The model predicts the Congestion Avoidance performance of nearly all TCP implementations under restricted conditions and of TCP with SelectiveAcknowledgements over a much wider range of Internet conditions. We verify

retransmit events. Our measurements demonstrate that our model is able to more accurately predict TCP throughput and is accurate over a wider range of loss rates. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grants NCR-95-08274, NCR-95-23807 and CDA-95-02639. Any

to work well. In this paper we investigate loopy prop agation empirically under a wider range of conditions. Is there something special about the error-correcting code setting, or does loopy propagation work as an approximation scheme for a wider range of networks? ..\ x(:x).) (1) where: and: The message

Geared towards non-scientist audience Maps communicate effectively, but other formats are necessary for other projects. Breakout Session 1: Communicating with Climate Visuals Participants were arranged according to the sector they work with for the breakout session and were given examples of different ways climate information could be illustrated (see Appendix A). Participants were then asked a series of questions about the examples. The purpose of this exercise was to identify the kind of visual formats that effectively communicate climate projection information to decision-makers. Agriculture Response to the images from the agricultural sector was largely critical. Concerns largely focused on data confidence and locality of information provided. Participants overwhelmingly expressed concern in the accuracy of climate change projections, doubting the effectiveness of data extrapolation. Most seemed to advise

The paper combines a comprehensive account of the probabilistic model of retrieval with new systematic experiments on TREC Programme material. It presents the model from its foundations through its logical development to cover more aspects of retrieval data and a wider range of system functions

that this latter behavior is important from a modeling perspective, as almost all of our TCP traces contained more time-out events than fast retransmit events. Our measurements demonstrate that our model is able to more accurately predict TCP send rate and is accurate over a wider range of loss rates. We also

For most of us, discoveries in the art arerare. My books reviewed the contribu-tions of many engineers and contained a limited number of original ideas. I recall many excited moments during my career that faded upon the realization that a “discovery ” was actually a measurement error, misunderstand-ing or rediscovery. In 1997, an engineer requested that I exam-ine his measured data for an inductor. The data was unexpected, so I decided to measure a sim-ple solenoid with a network analyzer. The ana-lyzer display stunned me. This moment of excitement would not fade. The industry’s accepted and century-old inductor model was wrong. Why had no engineer before me per-formed this simple experiment and written about it? The significance of the experiment began to unfold at my desk as I examined the problem mathematically. As is often the case, new knowledge is both satisfying and useful. The purpose of this paper is to describe new fil-ter and oscillator structures suggested by the new model. First, I will review the historic inductor model, then the new one. The historic model One need only ponder a solenoid inductor to realize that the close spaced turns are capaci-tively coupled. But how do you measure capaci-tance that is shorted by a turn of wire? Webster [12] solved this problem by building a parallel-resonant mode oscillator using an inductor and its self-capacitance. Knowing the inductance (measured at low frequency) and the oscillating frequency, you may deduce the capacitance. From this capacitance, and series resistance from the wire loss, the model of the inductor given in Figure 1(a) was born. The transmission amplitude and phase versus frequency of this model that is simulated from the schematic and computed by the GENESYS [2] software pro-gram is given in Figure 1(b). Numerous attempts at mathematically solv-ing the self-capacitance failed. Medhurst [6]

remains for the applied researcher—namely, which test should be used for a particular association study which may consider multiple genes and/or multiple phenotypes. Recently, tests have been proposed which combine individual tests to minimize power loss while improving the robustness to a wide range

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