Within weeks of Roentgen's and Becquerel's discoveries, the biological effects of ionizing radiation were recognized and the search for units of measure ment of radiation doses began, so that radiation exposures might be measured and duplicated in radiation therapy and in biological research. In the begin ning the doses were expressed in terms of biological and chemical response rather than physical units. In 1953, the International Commission on Radi ological Units and Measurements officially adopted the principle of “absorbed dose⠀ (1). This principle furthered considerably the development of the dosimetry of external radiation through the experimental use of dosimeters. In systemic internal radiation the problems are somewhat different and not as likely to be solved by experimental means because radioisotopes adminis tered by a systemic route, i.e., orally or intravenously, follow a complicated pattern of distribution and elimination. Thus, the problems of dosimetry of systemic internal radiation are biological as well as physical in nature. The assumption was made that the absorbed dose is a product of energy, concen

whole-body 3-T MR scanner is reported. Experiments with a brain metabolite phantom were performed to quantify characteristics of the iDQC signal under different conditions. The feasibility of in vivo iDQC high-resolution MR spectroscopy in the presence of large intrinsic and external field inhomogeneity

We propose a new method to quickly and accurately predict 3D positions of body joints from a single depth image, using no temporal information. We take an object recognition approach, designing an intermediate body parts representation that maps the difficult pose estimation problem into a simpler

in computer vision. This survey identifies a number of promising applications and provides an overview of recent developments in this domain. The scope of this survey is limited to work on whole-body or hand motion; it does not include work on human faces. The emphasis is on discussing the various

Objective: The purpose of this work was to establish a low-cost device for simple positioning of several small ani-mals within a whole-body PET scanner. Methods: The device was designed as a stackable shelf for 3 3 3 animals, similar to a stackable shelf for wine bottles. It was constructed from

developing a dynamic 3D whole body scanner. The basic concept is to equip a studio space such that the "working volume" of the space is imaged from all directions using fixed stereo-pairs of TV cameras. The stereo-pair images, collected by the camera pairs at a frame rate of 25 Hz

developing a dynamic 3D whole body scanner. The basic concept is to equip a studio space such that the "working volume" of the space is imaged from all directions using fixed stereo-pairs of TV cameras. The stereo-pair images, collected by the camera pairs at a frame rate of 25 Hz

figural goodness or to attend-to nonaccidental geometric relations in visual arrays. Object perception does accord with principles governing the motions of material bodies: Infants divide perceptual arrays into units that move as connected wholes, that move separately from one another, that tend

human models. Key-Words:- 3D whole body scanner, Calibration model, Measurement error, Error envelope, Anthropometry 1

Even the best 3D whole body scanners can not guarantee 100 percent coverage of the body surface area due to occlusion effects. Hence, holes will appear in the obtained 3D body scans. It is important for the user to know the location and magnitude of the holes in the resulting scans. Therefore, a