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Job Creation or Destruction? Labor-Market Effects of Wal-Mart Expansion

by Emek Basker , 2002
"... The phenomenal expansion of Wal-Mart provides a clean case for studying the labor-market effects of increased efficiency. I estimate the effect of Wal-Mart entry on retail employment at the county level. Using an instrumental-variables approach to correct for both measurement error in entry dates an ..."
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The phenomenal expansion of Wal-Mart provides a clean case for studying the labor-market effects of increased efficiency. I estimate the effect of Wal-Mart entry on retail employment at the county level. Using an instrumental-variables approach to correct for both measurement error in entry dates

their support and guidance. I have also benefited from the comments of Josh Angrist, Saku Aura,

by Emek Basker, David Autor, Glenn Ellison, Bengte Evenson, Amy Finkelstein, Guido Kuersteiner, Jeffrey Miron, Peter Mueser, Whitney Newey, Marko Terviö, Ken Troske, Howard Wall , 2004
"... This paper estimates the effect of Wal-Mart expansion on retail employment at the county level. Using an instrumental-variables approach to correct for both measurement error in entry dates and endogeneity of the timing of entry, I find that Wal-Mart entry increases retail employment by 100 jobs int ..."
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This paper estimates the effect of Wal-Mart expansion on retail employment at the county level. Using an instrumental-variables approach to correct for both measurement error in entry dates and endogeneity of the timing of entry, I find that Wal-Mart entry increases retail employment by 100 jobs

What happens when Wal-Mart comes to town: An empirical analysis of the discount retailing industry

by Panle Jia , 2006
"... In the past few decades multi-store retailers, especially those with a hundred or more stores, have experienced substantial growth. At the same time, there is widely reported public outcry over the impact of these chain stores on small retailers and local communities. This paper develops an empirica ..."
Abstract - Cited by 120 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
to 1997 and yields interesting results. First, Wal-Mart’s expansion from the late 1980s to the late 1990s explains about fifty to seventy percent of the net change in the number of small discount retailers. Failure to address the endogeneity of the firms ’ entry decisions would result in underestimating

2006) “Wal-Mart and Local Labor Markets, 1990-2004,” unpublished paper

by Scott Drewianka, Dain Johnson
"... Contrary to popular opinion and previous estimates, this paper finds that Wal-Mart raises local retail (and possibly non-retail) employment, but has little effect on wages or the number of establishments. The main discrepancy with earlier studies arises because we control for trends that pre-date Wa ..."
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Contrary to popular opinion and previous estimates, this paper finds that Wal-Mart raises local retail (and possibly non-retail) employment, but has little effect on wages or the number of establishments. The main discrepancy with earlier studies arises because we control for trends that pre

THE EFFECT OF ENTRY BY WAL-MART SUPERCENTERS ON RETAIL GROCERY CONCENTRATION

by Bobby J. Martensa, Frank Dooleyb, Sounghun Kimc
"... verbatim copies of this document for non-commercial purposes by any means, provided that this copyright notice appears on such copies. 2 The U.S. retail grocery industry shifted from an industry dominated by small grocers serving local markets to one characterized by large retailers present in inter ..."
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was estimated. The results show that existing Wal-Mart Supercenter operations and entry by Wal-Mart Supercenters significantly increase the rate of change in retail grocery concentration as measured by CR4.

The causes and consequences of Wal-Mart’s growth

by Emek Basker - Journal of Economic Perspectives , 2007
"... W al-Mart plays a large and ever-growing role in the U.S. economy. As ofJanuary 31, 2007, Wal-Mart operated more than 3,400 U.S. Wal-Martstores along with more than 550 Sam’s Club locations. Wal-Mart is the largest private employer in the United States, with 1.3 million employees, and the largest re ..."
Abstract - Cited by 35 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
retailer in the United States. In 2004, Wal-Mart handled 6.5 percent of U.S. retail sales (8.8 percent if automobile sales are excluded); this number has since increased. Wal-Mart is the top U.S. seller of apparel, groceries, and music, among other products, and is the top retailer in most states. Wal-Mart’s

Wal-Mart’s impact on supplier profits

by Qingyi Huang, Vincent Nijs, Karsten Hansen, Eric T. Anderson , 2009
"... Previous academic research on the expansion of dominant retailers such as Wal-Mart has looked at implications for incumbent retailers, consumers, and the local community. Little is known, however, about Wal-Mart’s influence on suppliers ’ performance. Manufacturers suggest Wal-Mart uses its power to ..."
Abstract - Cited by 3 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
to squeeze their profits. In this paper we study the validity of that claim. We investigate the underlying mechanisms that may cause changes in manufacturer profits following Wal-Mart market entry. Our data contains information on supplier interactions with retail stores, including Wal-Mart, for a period

Wal-Mart and the Geography of Grocery RetailingI

by Paul B. Ellickson, Paul L. E. Grieco
"... This paper empirically examines the impact of entry by Wal-Mart on competition in the supermarket industry. Using a detailed panel dataset spanning 1994 to 2006, we estimate the impact of Wal-Mart on firm outcomes and market structure, controlling for persistent local trends and systematic differenc ..."
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This paper empirically examines the impact of entry by Wal-Mart on competition in the supermarket industry. Using a detailed panel dataset spanning 1994 to 2006, we estimate the impact of Wal-Mart on firm outcomes and market structure, controlling for persistent local trends and systematic

Firm Entry and Wages: Impact of Wal-Mart Growth on Earnings throughout the Retailing Sector.” Working paper. Institute of 20 on Labor and Employment

by Arindrajit Dube, T. William Lester, Barry Eidlin, Arindrajit Dube, T. William Lester, Barry Eidlin , 2007
"... Abstract: This paper estimates the effect of Wal-Mart expansion on wages, benefits, and skill-composition of retail workers during the 1990s. We exploit the spatial pattern of Wal-Mart diffusion, radiating outward from the original store in Benton county, Arkansas, to control for potential endogene ..."
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Abstract: This paper estimates the effect of Wal-Mart expansion on wages, benefits, and skill-composition of retail workers during the 1990s. We exploit the spatial pattern of Wal-Mart diffusion, radiating outward from the original store in Benton county, Arkansas, to control for potential

Wal-Mart and County-Wide Poverty

by Stephan J. Goetz, Hema Swaminathan - Pennsylvania State University , 2004
"... than a former Post-Doctoral scholar at Penn State. Opinions expressed are those of the authors, and their affiliation appears for informational purposes only. ©2004 by Stephan J. Goetz and Hema Swaminthan. Readers may make verbatim copies of this document for non-commercial purposes by any means, pr ..."
Abstract - Cited by 7 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
, provided that this copyright notice appears on all such copies. 2 Wal-Mart and County-Wide Poverty Wal-Mart has created tremendous economic benefits for consumers by providing more choices at lower prices, especially in communities that had only local retail monopolies prior to the chain‘s arrival. Yet
Results 1 - 10 of 1,079