Virtual reality (VR) is typically defined in terms of technological hardware. This paper attempts to cast a new, variable-based definition of virtual reality that can be used to classify virtual reality in relation to other media. The defintion of virtual reality is based on concepts of "

Abstract Several common systems satisfy some but not all of the VR This paper describes the CAVE (CAVE Automatic Virtual Environment) virtual reality/scientific visualization system in detail and demonstrates that projection technology applied to virtual-reality goals achieves a system that matches

We present the design of an immersive virtual reality (IVR) illustration and its use in teaching a biology lesson on the active structure of a termite mound. Educators at all levels use illustrations in textbooks and lectures to enhance students ’ comprehension of

The visual display transformation for virtual reality (VR) systems is typically much more complex than the standard viewing transformation discussed in the literature for conventional computer graphics. The process can be represented as a series of transformations, some of which contain parameters

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Passive haptic feedback is very compelling, but a different physical object is needed for each virtual object requiring haptic feedback. I propose to enhance passive haptics by exploiting visual dominance, enabling a single physical object to provide haptic feedback for many differently shaped

An experiment was carried out to examine the impact on electrodermal activity of people when approached by groups of 1 or 4 virtual characters to varying distances. It was premised on the basis of proxemics theory that the closer the approach of the virtual characters to the participant

Experiencing non-Newtonian physics in VR

This paper presents our novel concept Outdoor Virtual Reality. By using outdoor augmented reality techniques we propose to build very wide area virtual reality systems, outdoor virtual reality. The concept of outdoor virtual reality is compared and contrasted to traditional definitions of augmented