Any brief portrait of American philosophy in the twentieth century will inevi-tably illustrate at least one fundamental principle of William James’s (1842–1910) psychology and his pragmatist philosophy: namely, the idea that all cognition is selective, for “without selective interest, experience

The state of development of the financial sector does not change monotonically over time. In particular, by most measures, countries were more financially developed in 1913 than in 1980 and only recently have they surpassed their 1913 levels. To explain these changes, we propose an interest group theory of financial development where incumbents oppose financial development because it breeds competition. The theory predicts that incumbents' opposition will be weaker when an economy allows both cross-border trade and capital flows. This theory can go some way in accounting for the cross-country differences in, and the time-series variation of, financial development.

August Becker and traditional vs. modern culture in the first decades of the twentieth century

One of the most important ad-vances in human origins studies be-gan at the end of the seventeenth cen-tury with the growing suspicion that ceraunia, oddly shaped stones that had long been collected by European geologists, were actually implements fashioned before the use of metal. The debate over

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Greek history in the Balkans during the twentieth-century is traumatic and tumultuous, as well as integrally linked to the Macedonian Question, ‘the unyielding philosopher’s stone of Balkan nationalism. ’ i In the first half of the century, Greek actions were associated with war and expansion