Petrify is a tool for (1) manipulating concurrent specifications and (2) synthesis and optimization of asynchronous control circuits. Given a Petri Net (PN), a Signal Transition Graph (STG), or a Transition System (TS) 1 it (1) generates another PN or STG which is simpler than the original

Recent studies suggest significant benefits from using 1st and 2nd generation Radioisotope Power Systems (RPS) as a power source for electric propulsion (EP) missions to the outer planets. This study focuses on trajectories to the Trojan asteroids. A high level analysis is performed with chemical

Consider a queue which serves traffic from a number of distinct sources and which is required to deliver a performance guarantee, expressed in terms of the mean delay or the probability the delay exceeds a threshold. For various simple models we show that an effective bandwidth can be associated

We present a new force directed method for global placement. Besides the well-known wire length dependent forces we use additional forces to reduce cell overlaps and to consider the placement area. Compared to existing approaches, the main advantage is that the algorithm provides increased

Hidden malicious circuits provide an attacker with a stealthy attack vector. As they occupy a layer below the entire software stack, malicious circuits can bypass traditional defensive techniques. Yet current work on trojan circuits considers only simple attacks against the hardware itself

...) of the integrated circuits which composes the lot. In case of additional circuitry this design will be modify and the extracted structure will be affected. After developing the extraction techniques we present a method-ology to insert detection of hardware trojan and counterfeit in different IC manufacturing steps

Abstract—There have been a number of hardware Trojan (HT) designs at register-transfer level (RTL) in the literature, which mainly describe their malicious behaviors and trigger mechanisms. Generally speaking, the stealthiness of the HTs is shown with extremely low sensitization probability

switching circuits. These circuits were considered as transforming infinite input sequences into output sequences, and systems of restricted arithmetic served as specification formalisms ([Ch63]). With Buchi's decision procedure for the monadic second-order theory S1S of one successor ([Bu62

aspect of the total characteristics of a genuine design. Chips are validated by comparing their delay parameters to the fingerprints. The comparison of path delays makes small Trojan circuits significant from a delay point of view. The experiment's results show that the detection rate on explicit

Abstract-In this paper, we propose a randomization based technique to verify whether a manufactured chip conforms to its design or is infected by any trojan circuit. A trojan circuit can be inserted into the design or fabrication mask by a malicious manufacturer such that it monitors for a