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Imagenet: A large-scale hierarchical image database

by Jia Deng, Wei Dong, Richard Socher, Li-jia Li, Kai Li, Li Fei-fei - In CVPR , 2009
"... The explosion of image data on the Internet has the potential to foster more sophisticated and robust models and algorithms to index, retrieve, organize and interact with images and multimedia data. But exactly how such data can be harnessed and organized remains a critical problem. We introduce her ..."
Abstract - Cited by 840 (28 self) - Add to MetaCart
of annotated images organized by the semantic hierarchy of WordNet. This paper offers a detailed analysis of ImageNet in its current state: 12 subtrees with 5247 synsets and 3.2 million images in total. We show that ImageNet is much larger in scale and diversity and much more accurate than the current image

Entrepreneurship: Productive, Unproductive, and Destructive

by William J. Baumol - JOURNAL OF POLITICAL ECONOMY , 1990
"... The basic hypothesis is that, while the total supply of entrepreneurs varies anlong societies, the productive contribution of the society's entrepreneurial activities varies much more because of their allocation between productive activities such as innovation and largely unproductive activitie ..."
Abstract - Cited by 641 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
The basic hypothesis is that, while the total supply of entrepreneurs varies anlong societies, the productive contribution of the society's entrepreneurial activities varies much more because of their allocation between productive activities such as innovation and largely unproductive

Distributed hierarchical processing in the primate cerebral cortex

by Daniel J. Felleman, David C. Van Essen - Cereb Cortex , 1991
"... In recent years, many new cortical areas have been identified in the macaque monkey. The number of identified connections between areas has increased even more dramatically. We report here on (1) a summary of the layout of cortical areas associated with vision and with other modalities, (2) a comput ..."
Abstract - Cited by 928 (6 self) - Add to MetaCart
computerized database for storing and representing large amounts of information on connectivity patterns, and (3) the application of these data to the analysis of hierarchical organization of the cerebral cortex. Our analysis concentrates on the visual system, which includes 25 neocortical areas

An approach to correlate tandem mass spectral data of peptides with amino acid sequences in a protein database

by Jimmy K. Eng, Ashley L. Mccormack, John R. Yates - J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom , 1994
"... A method to correlate the uninterpreted tandem mass spectra of peptides produced under low energy (lo-50 eV) collision conditions with amino acid sequences in the Genpept database has been developed. In this method the protein database is searched to identify linear amino acid sequences within a mas ..."
Abstract - Cited by 944 (19 self) - Add to MetaCart
from peptides obtained from the enzymatically digested total proteins of E. coli and S. cerevisiae cells allowed matchmg of the spectra to amino acid sequences within proteins of these organisms. The approach described in this manuscript provides a convenient method to interpret tandem mass spectra

From Data Mining to Knowledge Discovery in Databases.

by Usama Fayyad , Gregory Piatetsky-Shapiro , Padhraic Smyth - AI Magazine, , 1996
"... ■ Data mining and knowledge discovery in databases have been attracting a significant amount of research, industry, and media attention of late. What is all the excitement about? This article provides an overview of this emerging field, clarifying how data mining and knowledge discovery in database ..."
Abstract - Cited by 538 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
. The specialists then provide a report detailing the analysis to the sponsoring health-care organization; this report becomes the basis for future decision making and planning for health-care management. In a totally different type of application, planetary geologists sift through remotely sensed images of planets

Decomposer biomass in the rhizosphere to assess rhizodeposition

by Søren Christensen, Lisa Bjørnlund - Oikos , 2007
"... Quantification of the organic carbon released from plant roots is a challenge. These compounds of rhizodeposition are quickly transformed into CO2 and eventually bacterial biomass to be consumed by bacterivores (protozoa and nematodes). Microbes stimulate rhizodeposition several-fold so assays under ..."
Abstract - Cited by 5 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
, and turnover rates from the literature. We use literature values that maximize requirements for organic carbon and still estimate the total organic rhizodeposition to be as little as 46 % of the plant-induced respiration belowground. During the growing season annual crop plants transport

An Energy Efficient Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

by Seema Bandyopadhyay, Edward J. Coyle , 2003
"... A wireless network consisting of a large number of small sensors with low-power transceivers can be an effective tool for gathering data in a variety of environments. The data collected by each sensor is communicated through the network to a single processing center that uses all reported data to de ..."
Abstract - Cited by 390 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
communicate the aggregated information to the processing center, may save energy. In this paper, we propose a distributed, randomized clustering algorithm to organize the sensors in a wireless sensor network into clusters. We then extend this algorithm to generate a hierarchy of clusterheads and observe

Spreading dead zones and consequences for marine ecosystems

by Robert J. Diaz, Rutger Rosenberg - Science , 2008
"... Dead zones in the coastal oceans have spread exponentially since the 1960s and have serious consequences for ecosystem functioning. The formation of dead zones has been exacerbated by the increase in primary production and consequent worldwide coastal eutrophication fueled by riverine runoff of fert ..."
Abstract - Cited by 283 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
of fertilizers and the burning of fossil fuels. Enhanced primary production results in an accumulation of particulate organic matter, which encourages microbial activity and the consumption of dissolved oxygen in bottom waters. Dead zones have now been reported from more than 400 systems, affecting a total area

REVIEW OF ESTIMATION OF PLANT RHIZODEPOSITION AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO SOIL ORGANIC MATTER FORMATION

by Die Abschätzung Der, Rhizodeposition Von, Pflanzen Und, Ihren Beitrag, Zur Bildung, Der Organischen, Bodensubstanz Im , 2003
"... The methods used for estimating rhizodeposition of plants (carbon (C) deposition of living roots), and the results obtained for different plant species are reviewed. Three tracer techniques using C isotopes to quantify rhizodeposition are discussed: pulse labelling, continuous labelling, and natural ..."
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, and natural 13C abundance. Only the tracer methods provided adequate results for the whole rhizodeposition. The differences in the below-ground C translocation pattern between cereals and grasses are discussed. Cereals (wheat and barley) transfer 20 – 30 % of total assimilated C into the soil. Half

Characterization of microbial diversity by determining terminal restriction length polymorphisms of genes encoding 16S rDNA.

by Wen-Tso Liu , Terence L Marsh , Hans Cheng , Larry J Forney - Appl. Environ. Microbiol. , 1997
"... A quantitative molecular technique was developed for rapid analysis of microbial community diversity in various environments. The technique employed PCR in which one of the two primers used was fluorescently labeled at the 5 end and was used to amplify a selected region of bacterial genes encoding ..."
Abstract - Cited by 263 (7 self) - Add to MetaCart
16S rRNA from total community DNA. The PCR product was digested with restriction enzymes, and the fluorescently labeled terminal restriction fragment was precisely measured by using an automated DNA sequencer. Computersimulated analysis of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphisms (T
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