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GTM: The generative topographic mapping

by Christopher M. Bishop, Markus Svensén, Christopher K. I. Williams - Neural Computation , 1998
"... Latent variable models represent the probability density of data in a space of several dimensions in terms of a smaller number of latent, or hidden, variables. A familiar example is factor analysis which is based on a linear transformations between the latent space and the data space. In this paper ..."
Abstract - Cited by 361 (6 self) - Add to MetaCart
we introduce a form of non-linear latent variable model called the Generative Topographic Mapping for which the parameters of the model can be determined using the EM algorithm. GTM provides a principled alternative to the widely used Self-Organizing Map (SOM) of Kohonen (1982), and overcomes most

Topographic Maps

by Vicent Caselles, Bartomeu Coll, Jean-michel Morel , 1998
"... We call "natural" image any photograph of an outdoor or indoor scene taken by a standard camera. We discuss the physical generation process of natural images as a combination of occlusions, transparencies and contrast changes. This description fits to the phenomenological description of Ga ..."
Abstract - Cited by 3 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
of Gaetano Kanizsa according to which visual perception tends to remain stable with respect to these basic operations. We define a contrast invariant presentation of the digital image, the topographic map, where the subjacent occlusion-transparency structure is put into evidence by the interplay of level

GENERALIZED TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS

by Dr. J. E. Stoter, Xiang Zhang
"... Automated evaluation of generalized topographic maps — supported by formalization and data enrichment techniques ..."
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Automated evaluation of generalized topographic maps — supported by formalization and data enrichment techniques

Topographic Maps of Color Images

by Bartomeu Coll, Jacques Froment , 2000
"... We address the problem of extending topographic maps to color images. A topographic map gives a morphological and a geometrical representation of the information contained in natural images. Two approaches are presented and discussed. The first one is new and consists in defining a total order in IR ..."
Abstract - Cited by 3 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
We address the problem of extending topographic maps to color images. A topographic map gives a morphological and a geometrical representation of the information contained in natural images. Two approaches are presented and discussed. The first one is new and consists in defining a total order

Developments of the generative topographic mapping

by Christopher M. Bishop - Neurocomputing , 1998
"... 1 Introduction Probability theory provides a powerful, consistent framework for dealing quantitatively with un-certainty (10). It is therefore ideally suited as a theoretical foundation for pattern recognition. Recently, the self-organizing map (SOM) of 19) was re-formulated within a probabilistic s ..."
Abstract - Cited by 25 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
setting(7) to give the GTM (Generative Topographic Mapping). In going to a probabilistic formulation, several limitations of the SOM were overcome, including the absence of a cost function and thelack of a convergence proof.

Kernel Generative Topographic Mapping

by Iván Olier, Alfredo Vellido, Jesús Giraldo
"... Abstract. A kernel version of Generative Topographic Mapping, a model of the manifold learning family, is defined in this paper. Its ability to adequately model non-i.i.d. data is illustrated in a problem concerning the identification of protein subfamilies from protein sequences. 1 ..."
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Abstract. A kernel version of Generative Topographic Mapping, a model of the manifold learning family, is defined in this paper. Its ability to adequately model non-i.i.d. data is illustrated in a problem concerning the identification of protein subfamilies from protein sequences. 1

New topographic mapping

by Geoff Aitken
"... www.newtopo.co.nz Current technologies have given us opportunities to explore and develop the graphic communication of topographic mapping. This paper presents some developments within a New Zealand mountain context, and challenges cartographers to further improve effective communication through tot ..."
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www.newtopo.co.nz Current technologies have given us opportunities to explore and develop the graphic communication of topographic mapping. This paper presents some developments within a New Zealand mountain context, and challenges cartographers to further improve effective communication through

Latent Beta Topographic Mapping

by Kirthevasan Kandasamy
"... Abstract-This paper describes Latent Beta Topographic Mapping (LBTM), a generative probability model for non linear dimensionality reduction and density estimation. LBTM is based on Generative Topographic Mapping (GTM) and hence inherits its ability to map complex non linear manifolds. However, the ..."
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Abstract-This paper describes Latent Beta Topographic Mapping (LBTM), a generative probability model for non linear dimensionality reduction and density estimation. LBTM is based on Generative Topographic Mapping (GTM) and hence inherits its ability to map complex non linear manifolds. However

Research on Topographic Map Updating

by Ivana Javorović, Miljenko Lapaine
"... ABSTRACT. The investigation of interpretability of panchromatic satellite image IRS-1C inte-grated with multispectral Landsat TM image with the purpose of updating the topographic map sheet at the scale of 1:25 000 has been described. The geocoding of source map was based on trigonometric points of ..."
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ABSTRACT. The investigation of interpretability of panchromatic satellite image IRS-1C inte-grated with multispectral Landsat TM image with the purpose of updating the topographic map sheet at the scale of 1:25 000 has been described. The geocoding of source map was based on trigonometric points

Relational generative topographic mapping

by Andrej Gisbrecht, Bassam Mokbel, Barbara Hammer - In this volume
"... Abstract. The generative topographic mapping (GTM) has been proposed as a statistical modeltorepresent highdimensional databymeans of a sparse lattice of points in latent space, such that visualization, compression, and data inspection become possible. Original GTM is restricted to Euclidean data po ..."
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Abstract. The generative topographic mapping (GTM) has been proposed as a statistical modeltorepresent highdimensional databymeans of a sparse lattice of points in latent space, such that visualization, compression, and data inspection become possible. Original GTM is restricted to Euclidean data
Results 1 - 10 of 2,974