Abstract: One of the fundamental limits to high-performance, high-reliability file systems is memory’s vulnerability to system crashes. Because memory is viewed as unsafe, systems periodically write data back to disk. The extra disk traffic lowers performance, and the delay period before data

of providing them at that low level. Examples discussed in the paper include bit error recovery, security using encryption, duplicate message suppression, recovery from system crashes, and delivery acknowledgement. Low level mechanisms to support these functions are justified only as performance enhancements

Abstract — When an operating system crashes and hangs, it leaves the machine in an unusable state. All currently running program state and data is lost. The usual solution is to reboot the machine and restart user programs. However, it is possible that after a crash, user program state and most

: This paper defines a framework for explaining redo recovery after a system crash. In this framework, an installation graph explains the order in which operations must be installed into the stable database if it is to remain recoverable. This installation graph is a significantly weaker ordering

We introduce the concept of unreliable failure detectors and study how they can be used to solve Consensus in asynchronous systems with crash failures. We characterise unreliable failure detectors in terms of two properties — completeness and accuracy. We show that Consensus can be solved even

This paper presents a new technique for disk storage management called a log-structured file system. A logstructured file system writes all modifications to disk sequentially in a log-like structure, thereby speeding up both file writing and crash recovery. The log is the only structure on disk

Over the last decade many techniques for recovering a consistent state for a database management system after a system crash have been proposed. However, the problem of handling system crashes in database application programs, and of masking these crashes to users of those programs, has received

We determine what information about failures is necessary and sufficient to solve Consensus in asynchronous distributed systems subject to crash failures. In [CT91], it is shown that 3W, a failure detector that provides surprisingly little information about which processes have crashed

the use of infrared light which is harmful for the human eye. Motor vehicle accidents cause injury and death, and this system will help to decrease the amount of crashes due to fatigued drivers. The proposed algorithm will work in three main stages. In first stage the face of the driver is detected

fraction of the nodes crash or the network partitions. But current overlays are not secure; even a small fraction of malicious nodes can prevent correct message delivery throughout the overlay. This prob-lem is particularly serious in open peer-to-peer systems, where many diverse, autonomous parties