signal from water molecules surrounding a blood vessel in gradientecho MRI, producing blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) contrast. BOLD contrast has its origin in the fact that when normally diamagnetic oxyhemoglobin gives up its oxygen, the resulting deoxyhemoglobin is paramagnetic. The presence

resulting in E rosettes is mediated by specific receptors on the human T cells (5), a notion fully confirmed by the discovery that mAb against the T cell surface molecule carrying T 1 1 and related markers block rosette formation (6-9). Nevertheless, E rosetting remained a curious, if useful, phenomenon

common, systems with very small numbers of molecules are important in some applications (e.g., in small biological cells or in surface processes). In both views, most complicated systems with multiple reaction channels and multiple chemical species cannot be solved analytically. There are exact numerical

Repeated attempts to show that costimulation for negative selection is controlled by a single cell surface molecule have been unsuccessful. Thus, negative selection may involve multiple cell surface molecules acting in consort. In support of this idea, we show here that at least three cell surface

Interaction of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein gC with mammalian cell surface molecules.

that bivalently target influenza hemagglutinins (HA) to different surface molecules on antigen presenting cells (APC). We demonstrate that targeting to MHC class II molecules predominantly induced an antibody/Th2 response, whereas targeting to CCR1/3/5 predominantly induced a CD8+/Th1 T cell response

Limited information is available on the surface molecules that are involved in natural killer (NK) cell triggering. In this study, we selected the BAB281 monoclonal antibody (mAb) on the basis of its ability to trigger NK-mediated target cell lysis. BAB281 identified a novel NK cell

glucuronoxylomannan. Microbial pathogens are known to express molecules that interact with host proteins, leading to invasion and colonization. For example, some pathogenic microorganisms express proteins that bind to and enhance the activity of plas-minogen. In this way, pathogens utilize the host

by synaptic cell-adhesion molecules. In the Drosophila visual system, R7 and R8 photoreceptor subtypes target distinct layers and form en passant pre-synaptic terminals at stereotypic loci of the axonal shaft. A leucine-rich repeat transmembrane protein, Capricious (Caps), is known to be selectively expressed

A new tecnique for the production of special shaped SPM tips is reported. Noble metal coated tips are produced with flat and circular tip front. The unusual truncated-cone tip shape is obtained by modifying commercial tips. The diameter of the tip front flat area can be varied continuously in the range 0.05 ÷ 1 µm. Typeset using REVTEX