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Ontologies: Principles, methods and applications

by Mike Uschold, Michael Gruninger - KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING REVIEW , 1996
"... This paper is intended to serve as a comprehensive introduction to the emerging field concerned with the design and use of ontologies. We observe that disparate backgrounds, languages, tools, and techniques are a major barrier to effective communication among people, organisations, and/or software s ..."
Abstract - Cited by 570 (3 self) - Add to MetaCart
This paper is intended to serve as a comprehensive introduction to the emerging field concerned with the design and use of ontologies. We observe that disparate backgrounds, languages, tools, and techniques are a major barrier to effective communication among people, organisations, and/or software systems. We show how the development and implementation of an explicit account of a shared understanding (i.e. an `ontology') in a given subject area, can improve such communication, which in turn, can give rise to greater reuse and sharing, inter-operability, and more reliable software. After motivating their need, we clarify just what ontologies are and what purposes they serve. We outline a methodology for developing and evaluating ontologies, first discussing informal techniques, concerning such issues as scoping, handling ambiguity, reaching agreement and producing de nitions. We then consider the bene ts of and describe, a more formal approach. We re-visit the scoping phase, and discuss the role of formal languages and techniques in the specification, implementation and evaluation of ontologies. Finally, we review the state of the art and practice in this emerging field,

The Application of Petri Nets to Workflow Management

by W.M.P. Van Der Aalst , 1998
"... Workflow management promises a new solution to an age-old problem: controlling, monitoring, optimizing and supporting business processes. What is new about workflow management is the explicit representation of the business process logic which allows for computerized support. This paper discusses the ..."
Abstract - Cited by 522 (61 self) - Add to MetaCart
techniques which can be used to verify the correctness of workflow procedures. This paper introduces workflow management as an application domain for Petri nets, presents state-of-the-art results with respect to the verification of workflows, and highlights some Petri-net-based workflow tools.

Applications Of Circumscription To Formalizing Common Sense Knowledge

by John McCarthy - Artificial Intelligence , 1986
"... We present a new and more symmetric version of the circumscription method of nonmonotonic reasoning first described in (McCarthy 1980) and some applications to formalizing common sense knowledge. The applications in this paper are mostly based on minimizing the abnormality of different aspects o ..."
Abstract - Cited by 536 (12 self) - Add to MetaCart
We present a new and more symmetric version of the circumscription method of nonmonotonic reasoning first described in (McCarthy 1980) and some applications to formalizing common sense knowledge. The applications in this paper are mostly based on minimizing the abnormality of different aspects

An iterative image registration technique with an application to stereo vision

by Bruce D. Lucas, Takeo Kanade - In IJCAI81 , 1981
"... Image registration finds a variety of applications in computer vision. Unfortunately, traditional image registration techniques tend to be costly. We present a new image registration technique that makes use of the spatial intensity gradient of the images to find a good match using a type of Newton- ..."
Abstract - Cited by 2872 (35 self) - Add to MetaCart
Image registration finds a variety of applications in computer vision. Unfortunately, traditional image registration techniques tend to be costly. We present a new image registration technique that makes use of the spatial intensity gradient of the images to find a good match using a type of Newton

Distance Metric Learning, With Application To Clustering With Side-Information

by Eric P. Xing, Andrew Y. Ng, Michael I. Jordan, Stuart Russell - ADVANCES IN NEURAL INFORMATION PROCESSING SYSTEMS 15 , 2003
"... Many algorithms rely critically on being given a good metric over their inputs. For instance, data can often be clustered in many "plausible" ways, and if a clustering algorithm such as K-means initially fails to find one that is meaningful to a user, the only recourse may be for the us ..."
Abstract - Cited by 799 (14 self) - Add to MetaCart
be for the user to manually tweak the metric until sufficiently good clusters are found. For these and other applications requiring good metrics, it is desirable that we provide a more systematic way for users to indicate what they consider "similar." For instance, we may ask them to provide

Supporting Real-Time Applications in an Integrated Services Packet Network: Architecture and Mechanism

by David D. Clark, Scott Shenker, Lixia Zhang , 1992
"... This paper considers the support of real-time applications in an ..."
Abstract - Cited by 575 (25 self) - Add to MetaCart
This paper considers the support of real-time applications in an

Exokernel: An Operating System Architecture for Application-Level Resource Management

by Dawson R. Engler, M. Frans Kaashoek, James O’toole , 1995
"... We describe an operating system architecture that securely multiplexes machine resources while permitting an unprecedented degree of application-specific customization of traditional operating system abstractions. By abstracting physical hardware resources, traditional operating systems have signifi ..."
Abstract - Cited by 724 (24 self) - Add to MetaCart
We describe an operating system architecture that securely multiplexes machine resources while permitting an unprecedented degree of application-specific customization of traditional operating system abstractions. By abstracting physical hardware resources, traditional operating systems have

Chord: A Scalable Peer-to-Peer Lookup Service for Internet Applications

by Ion Stoica, Robert Morris, David Karger, M. Frans Kaashoek, Hari Balakrishnan - SIGCOMM'01 , 2001
"... A fundamental problem that confronts peer-to-peer applications is to efficiently locate the node that stores a particular data item. This paper presents Chord, a distributed lookup protocol that addresses this problem. Chord provides support for just one operation: given a key, it maps the key onto ..."
Abstract - Cited by 4435 (75 self) - Add to MetaCart
A fundamental problem that confronts peer-to-peer applications is to efficiently locate the node that stores a particular data item. This paper presents Chord, a distributed lookup protocol that addresses this problem. Chord provides support for just one operation: given a key, it maps the key onto

Exact Sampling with Coupled Markov Chains and Applications to Statistical Mechanics

by James Gary Propp, David Bruce Wilson , 1996
"... For many applications it is useful to sample from a finite set of objects in accordance with some particular distribution. One approach is to run an ergodic (i.e., irreducible aperiodic) Markov chain whose stationary distribution is the desired distribution on this set; after the Markov chain has ..."
Abstract - Cited by 548 (13 self) - Add to MetaCart
For many applications it is useful to sample from a finite set of objects in accordance with some particular distribution. One approach is to run an ergodic (i.e., irreducible aperiodic) Markov chain whose stationary distribution is the desired distribution on this set; after the Markov chain

A Decision-Theoretic Generalization of on-Line Learning and an Application to Boosting

by Yoav Freund, Robert E. Schapire , 1996
"... ..."
Abstract - Cited by 3437 (65 self) - Add to MetaCart
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