"... In PAGE 4: ...ent was a reduction of 1.03 D in contrast to 1.94 D mean change in manifest spherical equivalent refraction. Preoperative uncorrected and spectacle-corrected visual acuity and postoperative uncorrected visual acuity at 1 year after LASIK retreatment are detailed in Table3 . Before surgery, 28 eyes (80%) had spectacle-corrected visual acuity of 20/40 or better but only 10 eyes (28.... ..."

"... In PAGE 5: ...4). The visual acuity for patients in each group who chose rehabilitation with optical aids (spectacles or contact lens) is summarized in Table4 . Among this subset of 209 penetrating keratoplasty and 77 epi- keratoplasty eyes, the median logMAR visual acuity at the final follow-up examination was 0.... ..."

"... In PAGE 4: ... Six of eight patients (six of eight eyes) lost one or two lines from their baseline spectacle-corrected visual acuity. Visual acuity results in iris prosthesis/IOL patients are shown in Table4 . All of these patients had penetrating keratoplasty and their aphakia was corrected with the iris prosthesis/IOL, except one eye in which a sutured posterior chamber IOL was used.... In PAGE 5: ...Table4 ), the iris pros- thesis/IOL was dislocated posteriorly 1.5 years after surgery.... ..."

"... In PAGE 4: ... At the end of surgery, a collagen shield impregnated with tobramycin and dexamethasone was placed on the eye, and the eye was then patched. RESULTS Visual acuity results in patients with traumatic aphakia corrected with epikeratophakia are shown in Table3 . Mean age of patients was 41.... ..."

"... In PAGE 4: ... From this figure, we see that as the order of the correction increases (sphere to sphero-cylindrical to b-spline) the optical error indi- cated by the spot diagram decreases. The SC RMS values for correction with these three surface types is given in the Table3 also indicating reduced error as the order of correction increases. From the SC RMS spot size alone, it is often dif- ficult for the user to get a feel for the actual quality of the retinal image.... In PAGE 5: ... Under these conditions, the surface to be optimized is the contact lens front surface. The SC RMS values for correction with the three surface types are given in Table3 . Notice that the difference between the spherical front surface and the sphero- cylindrical front surface SC RMS values is small, demonstrating the effects of tear lens and the toric back surface of the contact lens.... In PAGE 5: ... If we now return to the ini- tial parameters of the Schwiegerling model with a 6.0 mm pupil, we can compare the SC RMS error in the initial model with the error for a spherical ante- rior cornea and the optimal b-spline corneal surface ( Table3 ). Since we optimize using the SC RMS value, a corneal first surface sphere and sphero- cylinder will lead to the same result.... In PAGE 6: ....0 mm and the center thickness is 0.5 mm. The shape of the lens is plano-concave and for our com- parison we varied the back surface of the lens, leav- ing the first surface fixed. Values for SC RMS error for the three surface types are given in Table3 . Note that in this case the B-spline SC RMS value is 2.... ..."

"... In PAGE 2: ...0 mm. In Table1 , the refractive errors derived from the Zernike coefficients are compared with the subjective refraction. As a measure of the total wavefront deviation from the ideal spherical form the total mean- square wavefront error lt;W2 gt; is expressed as: where Zn are the Zernike coefficients, Fn are scaling factors, S1.... ..."

"... In PAGE 2: ...In this prospective study, we performed excimer laser PRK on 12 eyes of 6 keratoconus suspect patients and followed them for corneal topographic changes, haze, visual acuity, and progression to keratoconus for at least 38 months. PATIENTS AND METHODS PRK was performed to correct myopia and astig- matism in 12 eyes of six patients with a clear corneal topographic indication of inferior steepening detected during preoperative videokeratographic screening for PRK ( Table1 ). The Aesculap Meditec Mel 60 excimer laser (Jena, Germany) was used for the PRK procedures.... ..."