tiply connected networks: When loops are present, the network is no longer singly connected and local propaga tion schemes will invariably run into trouble . We believe there are general undiscovered theorems about the performance of belief propagation on loopy DAGs. These theo rems, which may have

adaptation scheme outperforms the single-mode schemes and the AutoRate Fallback (ARF) scheme — which is used in Lucent Technologies ’ WaveLAN-II networking devices — significantly in terms of the average goodput, the frame drop rate, and the average number of transmission attempts per data frame delivery.

of the multimode scheme over the single-mode scheme are discussed.

-photon microscopy [3,4]. We have extended it to a second harmonic generation microscope based on a three-port single-mode optical fibre coupler. A fibre coupler is used to replace bulk optics for illumination delivery and second harmonic light collection. The coupler behaves as a low-pass filter that can deliver

Received xxx; accepted xxx Aims. In this paper we compare the performance of multi and single-mode interferometry for the estimation of the phase of the complex visibility. Methods. We provide a theoretical description of the interferometric signal which enables to derive the phase error

on the characteristics of the decision circuit and on the driver and detector bandwidths. I. INTRODUCTION The optimum performance of high capacity, long-haul fiber-based, communication systems is obtained with monochromatic light sources that remain single-mode even under fast, large-signal pseudo random word modulation

demonstrate, the RSP scheme is fully functional: the measurement by Alice collapses the EPR state into a pure single-mode photonic qubit xj0i yj1i. In other words, we prepare a bit of quantum information encoded in a discrete (photon number) basis by measuring a continuous observable (field quadrature). So

We experimentally investigate an optimum scheme of coupling a collimated light from a Ti:sapphire laser source into a standard single-mode fiber (SMF). By adjusting the effective numerical aperture (NA) of coupling lens and eliminating the chromatic aberration, a coupling efficiency of around 70

-resource allo-cation to the users, whereas transmission mode switching is used to guarantee high user rates. The degree of fairness of the scheduler can be adapted by adequately configuring a weighting function for the scores. Comparison with single-mode schemes reveals substantial throughput gains

overhead is small. OCB refines a scheme, IAPM, suggested by Jutla [20]. Desirable properties of OCB include: the ability to encrypt a bit string of arbitrary length into a ciphertext of minimal length; cheap o#set calculations; cheap session setup, a single underlying cryptographic key; no extended