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Short-Term Memory Processes Closed Head Injury

by Marc W. Haut, Thomas V. Petros, Robert C. Frank, Greg Lamberty
"... Survivors of severe closed head injury (CHI) were compared with neurologically normal matched controls on measures of short-term memory processes. The results indicate that patients with CHI took longer to scan their short-term memory than controls, and this increased disproportionately as the memor ..."
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Survivors of severe closed head injury (CHI) were compared with neurologically normal matched controls on measures of short-term memory processes. The results indicate that patients with CHI took longer to scan their short-term memory than controls, and this increased disproportionately

Long Short-term Memory

by Sepp Hochreiter, Jürgen Schmidhuber , 1995
"... "Recurrent backprop" for learning to store information over extended time intervals takes too long. The main reason is insufficient, decaying error back flow. We briefly review Hochreiter's 1991 analysis of this problem. Then we overcome it by introducing a novel, efficient method c ..."
Abstract - Cited by 387 (58 self) - Add to MetaCart
called "Long Short Term Memory" (LSTM). LSTM can learn to bridge minimal time lags in excess of 1000 time steps by enforcing constant error flow through internal states of special units. Multiplicative gate units learn to open and close access to constant error flow. LSTM's update

Tabu Search -- Part I

by Fred Glover , 1989
"... This paper presents the fundamental principles underlying tabu search as a strategy for combinatorial optimization problems. Tabu search has achieved impressive practical successes in applications ranging from scheduling and computer channel balancing to cluster analysis and space planning, and more ..."
Abstract - Cited by 652 (10 self) - Add to MetaCart
of problems for which it is best suited. This paper undertakes to present the major ideas and findings to date, and to indicate challenges for future research. Part I of this study indicates the basic principles, ranging from the short-term memory process at the core of the search to the intermediate and long

A theory of memory retrieval

by Roger Ratcliff - PSYCHOL. REV , 1978
"... A theory of memory retrieval is developed and is shown to apply over a range of experimental paradigms. Access to memory traces is viewed in terms of a resonance metaphor. The probe item evokes the search set on the basis of probe-memory item relatedness, just as a ringing tuning fork evokes sympath ..."
Abstract - Cited by 728 (81 self) - Add to MetaCart
A theory of memory retrieval is developed and is shown to apply over a range of experimental paradigms. Access to memory traces is viewed in terms of a resonance metaphor. The probe item evokes the search set on the basis of probe-memory item relatedness, just as a ringing tuning fork evokes

Software Transactional Memory

by Nir Shavit, Dan Touitou , 1995
"... As we learn from the literature, flexibility in choosing synchronization operations greatly simplifies the task of designing highly concurrent programs. Unfortunately, existing hardware is inflexible and is at best on the level of a Load Linked/Store Conditional operation on a single word. Building ..."
Abstract - Cited by 691 (14 self) - Add to MetaCart
on the hardware based transactional synchronization methodology of Herlihy and Moss, we offer software transactional memory (STM), a novel software method for supporting flexible transactional programming of synchronization operations. STM is non-blocking, and can be implemented on existing machines using only a

Composable memory transactions

by Tim Harris, Mark Plesko, Avraham Shinnar, David Tarditi - In Symposium on Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming (PPoPP , 2005
"... Atomic blocks allow programmers to delimit sections of code as ‘atomic’, leaving the language’s implementation to enforce atomicity. Existing work has shown how to implement atomic blocks over word-based transactional memory that provides scalable multiprocessor performance without requiring changes ..."
Abstract - Cited by 506 (42 self) - Add to MetaCart
Atomic blocks allow programmers to delimit sections of code as ‘atomic’, leaving the language’s implementation to enforce atomicity. Existing work has shown how to implement atomic blocks over word-based transactional memory that provides scalable multiprocessor performance without requiring

Short-term conceptual memory for pictures

by Mary C. Potter - J. Exp. Psychol. [Hum. Learn , 1976
"... M q^ssachuselts lnstitute of T e chnolo gy Three converging procedures were used to determine whether pictures presented in a rapid sequence at rates comparable to eye fixations are understood and then quickly forgotten. In two experiments, sequences of 16 color photograplrs were presented at rates ..."
Abstract - Cited by 232 (11 self) - Add to MetaCart
of 113, 167, 230, or 333 msec per picture. In one group, subjects were given an immediate test of recognition memory for the pictures and in other groups they searched for a target picture. Even rvhen the target had only been specified by a title (e.g., a boat) detection of a target was strikingly

Algorithms for Scalable Synchronization on Shared-Memory Multiprocessors

by John M. Mellor-crummey, Michael L. Scott - ACM Transactions on Computer Systems , 1991
"... Busy-wait techniques are heavily used for mutual exclusion and barrier synchronization in shared-memory parallel programs. Unfortunately, typical implementations of busy-waiting tend to produce large amounts of memory and interconnect contention, introducing performance bottlenecks that become marke ..."
Abstract - Cited by 567 (32 self) - Add to MetaCart
Busy-wait techniques are heavily used for mutual exclusion and barrier synchronization in shared-memory parallel programs. Unfortunately, typical implementations of busy-waiting tend to produce large amounts of memory and interconnect contention, introducing performance bottlenecks that become

Controlled and automatic human information processing

by Walter Schneider, Richard M. Shiffrin - I. Detection, search, and attention. Psychological Review , 1977
"... A two-process theory of human information processing is proposed and applied to detection, search, and attention phenomena. Automatic processing is activa-tion of a learned sequence of elements in long-term memory that is initiated by appropriate inputs and then proceeds automatically—without subjec ..."
Abstract - Cited by 841 (15 self) - Add to MetaCart
A two-process theory of human information processing is proposed and applied to detection, search, and attention phenomena. Automatic processing is activa-tion of a learned sequence of elements in long-term memory that is initiated by appropriate inputs and then proceeds automatically

Gaussian processes for machine learning

by Carl Edward Rasmussen - in: Adaptive Computation and Machine Learning , 2006
"... Abstract. We give a basic introduction to Gaussian Process regression models. We focus on understanding the role of the stochastic process and how it is used to define a distribution over functions. We present the simple equations for incorporating training data and examine how to learn the hyperpar ..."
Abstract - Cited by 631 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract. We give a basic introduction to Gaussian Process regression models. We focus on understanding the role of the stochastic process and how it is used to define a distribution over functions. We present the simple equations for incorporating training data and examine how to learn
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