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Integration of trade and disintegration of production in the global economy

by Robert C. Feenstra - Journal of Economic Perspectives , 1998
"... The last few decades have seen a spectacular integration of the global economy through trade. The rising integration of world markets has brought with it a disintegration of the production process, however, as manufacturing or services activities done abroad are combined with those performed at home ..."
Abstract - Cited by 496 (7 self) - Add to MetaCart
at home. I compare several different measures of foreign outsourcing, and argue that they have all increased since the 1970s. I also consider the implications of globalization for employment and wages of low-skilled workers, and for trade and regulatory policy, such as labor standards. The last few

Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The implicit association test

by Anthony G. Greenwald, Debbie E. McGhee, et al. - J PERSONALITY SOCIAL PSYCHOL 74:1464–1480 , 1998
"... An implicit association test (IAT) measures differential association of 2 target concepts with an attribute. The 2 concepts appear in a 2-choice task (e.g., flower vs. insect names), and the attribute in a 2nd task (e.g., pleasant vs. unpleasant words for an evaluation attribute). When instructions ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1008 (63 self) - Add to MetaCart
oblige highly associated categories (e.g., flower + pleasant) to share a response key, performance is faster than when less associated categories (e.g., insect + pleasant) share a key. This performance difference implicitly measures differential association of the 2 concepts with the attribute. In 3

How much should we trust differences-in-differences estimates?

by Marianne Bertrand, Esther Duflo, Sendhil Mullainathan , 2003
"... Most papers that employ Differences-in-Differences estimation (DD) use many years of data and focus on serially correlated outcomes but ignore that the resulting standard errors are inconsistent. To illustrate the severity of this issue, we randomly generate placebo laws in state-level data on femal ..."
Abstract - Cited by 828 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
Most papers that employ Differences-in-Differences estimation (DD) use many years of data and focus on serially correlated outcomes but ignore that the resulting standard errors are inconsistent. To illustrate the severity of this issue, we randomly generate placebo laws in state-level data

Approximate Riemann Solvers, Parameter Vectors, and Difference Schemes

by P. L. Roe - J. COMP. PHYS , 1981
"... Several numerical schemes for the solution of hyperbolic conservation laws are based on exploiting the information obtained by considering a sequence of Riemann problems. It is argued that in existing schemes much of this information is degraded, and that only certain features of the exact solution ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1010 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
Several numerical schemes for the solution of hyperbolic conservation laws are based on exploiting the information obtained by considering a sequence of Riemann problems. It is argued that in existing schemes much of this information is degraded, and that only certain features of the exact solution

An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties

by Aaron T. Beck, Norman Epstein, Gary Brown, Robert A. Steer - JOURNAL OF CONSULTING AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY , 1988
"... The development of a 2 l-item self-report inventory for measuring the severity of anxiety in psychia-ric populations i described. The initial item pool f86 items was drawn from three preexisting scales: the Anxiety Checklist, the Physician's Desk Reference Checklist, and the Situational Anxiety ..."
Abstract - Cited by 778 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
The development of a 2 l-item self-report inventory for measuring the severity of anxiety in psychia-ric populations i described. The initial item pool f86 items was drawn from three preexisting scales: the Anxiety Checklist, the Physician's Desk Reference Checklist, and the Situational

A capacity theory of comprehension: Individual differences in working memory

by Marcel Adam Just, Patricia A. Carpenter - Psychological Review , 1992
"... A theory of the way working memory capacity constrains comprehension is proposed. The theory proposes that both processing and storage are mediated by activation and that the total amount of activation available in working memory varies among individuals. Individual differences in working memory cap ..."
Abstract - Cited by 700 (21 self) - Add to MetaCart
capacity for language can account for qualitative and quantitative differences among college-age adults in several aspects of language comprehension. One aspect is syntactic modularity: The larger capacity of some individuals permits interaction among syntactic and pragmatic information, so

A Measurement Study of Peer-to-Peer File Sharing Systems

by Stefan Saroiu , P. Krishna Gummadi, Steven D. Gribble , 2002
"... The popularity of peer-to-peer multimedia file sharing applications such as Gnutella and Napster has created a flurry of recent research activity into peer-to-peer architectures. We believe that the proper evaluation of a peer-to-peer system must take into account the characteristics of the peers th ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1254 (15 self) - Add to MetaCart
to these hosts, how often hosts connect and disconnect from the system, how many les hosts share and download, the degree of cooperation between the hosts, and several correlations between these characteristics. Our measurements show that there is significant heterogeneity and lack of cooperation across peers

A database of human segmented natural images and its application to evaluating segmentation algorithms and measuring ecological statistics

by David Martin, Charless Fowlkes, Doron Tal, Jitendra Malik - in Proc. 8th Int’l Conf. Computer Vision , 2001
"... This paper presents a database containing ‘ground truth ’ segmentations produced by humans for images of a wide variety of natural scenes. We define an error measure which quantifies the consistency between segmentations of differing granularities and find that different human segmentations of the s ..."
Abstract - Cited by 954 (14 self) - Add to MetaCart
This paper presents a database containing ‘ground truth ’ segmentations produced by humans for images of a wide variety of natural scenes. We define an error measure which quantifies the consistency between segmentations of differing granularities and find that different human segmentations

A standardized set of 260 pictures: Norms for name agreement, image agreement, familiarity, and visual complexity

by Joan Gay Snodgrass, Mary Vanderwart - JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY: HUMAN LEARNING AND MEMORY , 1980
"... In this article we present a standardized set of 260 pictures for use in experiments investigating differences and similarities in the processing of pictures and words. The pictures are black-and-white line drawings executed according to a set of rules that provide consistency of pictorial represent ..."
Abstract - Cited by 663 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
representation. The pictures have been standardized on four variables of central relevance to memory and cognitive processing: name agreement, image agreement, familiarity, and visual complexity. The intercorrelations among the four measures were low, suggesting that the) ' are indices of different

Assessing agreement on classification tasks: the kappa statistic

by Jean Carletta - Computational Linguistics , 1996
"... Currently, computational linguists and cognitive scientists working in the area of discourse and dialogue argue that their subjective judgments are reliable using several different statistics, none of which are easily interpretable or comparable to each other. Meanwhile, researchers in content analy ..."
Abstract - Cited by 846 (9 self) - Add to MetaCart
Currently, computational linguists and cognitive scientists working in the area of discourse and dialogue argue that their subjective judgments are reliable using several different statistics, none of which are easily interpretable or comparable to each other. Meanwhile, researchers in content
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