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A Rice Plastidial Nucleotide Sugar Epimerase Is Involved in Galactolipid Biosynthesis and Improves Photosynthetic Efficiency

by Chunlai Li, Yiqin Wang, Linchuan Liu, Yingchun Hu, Fengxia Zhang, Sod Mergen, Chengcai Chu
"... Photosynthesis is the final determinator for crop yield. To gain insight into genes controlling photosynthetic capacity, we selected from our large T-DNA mutant population a rice stunted growth mutant with decreased carbon assimilate and yield production named photoassimilate defective1 (phd1). Mole ..."
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Photosynthesis is the final determinator for crop yield. To gain insight into genes controlling photosynthetic capacity, we selected from our large T-DNA mutant population a rice stunted growth mutant with decreased carbon assimilate and yield production named photoassimilate defective1 (phd1

RESEARCH ARTICLE Overexpression of an AP2/ERF Type Transcription Factor OsEREBP1 Confers Biotic and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Rice

by V. Jisha, Lavanya Dampanaboina, Jyothilakshmi Vadassery, Axel Mithöfer, Rajeshwari Ramanan
"... AP2/ERF–type transcription factors regulate important functions of plant growth and develop-ment as well as responses to environmental stimuli. A rice AP2/ERF transcription factor, OsEREBP1 is a downstream component of a signal transduction pathway in a specific interac-tion between rice (Oryza sati ..."
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AP2/ERF–type transcription factors regulate important functions of plant growth and develop-ment as well as responses to environmental stimuli. A rice AP2/ERF transcription factor, OsEREBP1 is a downstream component of a signal transduction pathway in a specific interac-tion between rice (Oryza

Characterization of the preprotein and amino acid transporter gene family in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 143

by Monika W. Murcha, Dina Elhafez, Ryan Lister, Manuela Baumgartner, Chris Carrie, Dejana Mokranjac, James Whelan , 2007
"... Seventeen loci encode proteins of the preprotein and amino acid transporter family in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Some of these genes have arisen from recent duplications and are not in annotated duplicated regions of the Arabidopsis genome. In comparison to a number of other eukaryotic orga ..."
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organisms, this family of proteins has greatly expanded in plants, with 24 loci in rice (Oryza sativa). Most of the Arabidopsis and rice genes are orthologous, indicating expansion of this family before monocot and dicot divergence. In vitro protein uptake assays, in vivo green fluorescent protein tagging

Commentary Lincomycin Treatment: A Simple Method to Differentiate Primary and Processed Transcripts in

by Nandadeva Yakandawala, Claudio Lupi, Roland Bilang
"... Abstract. Visualizing full-length primary transcripts is helpful in identifying transcription initiation sites and mapping promoter regions of plastid genes and operons. Detection of primary unprocessed transcripts from certain regions of the plastid genome is difficult, and sometimes impossible, be ..."
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Abstract. Visualizing full-length primary transcripts is helpful in identifying transcription initiation sites and mapping promoter regions of plastid genes and operons. Detection of primary unprocessed transcripts from certain regions of the plastid genome is difficult, and sometimes impossible

Nitrogen Nutrition Special Issue doi:10.1093/jxb/erm016 Advance Access publication 8 March, 2007 SPECIAL ISSUE PAPER Assimilation of ammonium ions and reutilization of nitrogen in rice (Oryza sativa L.)*

by Mayumi Tabuchi, Tomomi Abiko, Tomoyuki Yamaya
"... A major source of inorganic nitrogen for rice plants grown in paddy soil is ammonium ions. The ammo-nium ions are actively taken up by the roots via ammonium transporters and subsequently assimi-lated into the amide residue of glutamine (Gln) by the reaction of glutamine synthetase (GS) in the roots ..."
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) in the roots. The Gln is converted into glutamate (Glu), which is a central amino acid for the synthesis of a number of amino acids, by the reaction of glutamate synthase (GOGAT). Although a small gene family for both GS and GOGAT is present in rice, ammonium-dependent and cell type-specific expression suggest

American Journal of Botany 89(10): 1670–1681. 2002. PHYLOGENY OF SEED PLANTS BASED ON EVIDENCE FROM EIGHT GENES1

by Douglas E. Soltis, Pamela S. Soltis, Michael J. Zanis , 1670
"... Relationships among the five groups of extant seed plants (cycads, Ginkgo, conifers, Gnetales, and angiosperms) remain uncertain. To explore relationships among groups of extant seed plants further and to attempt to explain the conflict among molecular data sets, we assembled a data set of four plas ..."
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plastid (cpDNA) genes (rbcL, atpB, psaA, and psbB), three mitochondrial (mtDNA) genes (mtSSU, coxI, and atpA), and one nuclear gene (18S rDNA) for 19 exemplars representing the five groups of living seed plants. Analyses of the combined eight-gene data set (15 772 base pairs/taxon) with maximum parsimony

Signal transduction between the chloroplast and the nucleus

by Marci Surpin , Robert M Larkin , Joanne Chory - Plant Cell, 14: S327– S338. PMID , 2002
"... INTRODUCTION Chloroplasts are essential for the unique photoautotrophic and sessile existence of higher plants. Chloroplasts account for Ͼ 50% of the total soluble protein in leaves, and these proteins are encoded by both nuclear and chloroplast genomes. This separation of genetic information neces ..."
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of Mg-Proto and Mg-ProtoMe increase transiently during dark-to-light transitions, and this increase is correlated with increases in the expression of nuclear genes that encode the cytosolic and plastid heat shock proteins HSP70A and HSP70B, respectively (Kropat et al., 2000). Feeding Mg-Proto or Mg

Patterns of Genomic Integration of Nuclear Chloroplast DNA Fragments in Plant Species

by unknown authors , 2013
"... ThetransferoforganelleDNAfragmentstothenucleargenomeis frequentlyobserved ineukaryotes.These transfers are thought to play an important role in gene and genome evolution of eukaryotes. In plants, such transfers occur from plastid to nuclear [nuclear plastid DNAs (NUPTs)] and mitochondrial to nuclear ..."
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ThetransferoforganelleDNAfragmentstothenucleargenomeis frequentlyobserved ineukaryotes.These transfers are thought to play an important role in gene and genome evolution of eukaryotes. In plants, such transfers occur from plastid to nuclear [nuclear plastid DNAs (NUPTs)] and mitochondrial

Differently Associates with Multiple DNA Regions in the Chloroplast Chromosomes in Vivo

by Mitsumasa Hanaoka, Maiko Kato, Misato Anma, Kan Tanaka , 2012
"... Abstract: Chloroplasts have their own DNA and gene expression systems. Transcription in chloroplasts is regulated by two types of RNA polymerase, nuclear-encoded plastid RNA polymerase (NEP) and plastid-encoded plastid RNA polymerase (PEP), and multiple sigma factors for PEP. To study transcriptiona ..."
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Abstract: Chloroplasts have their own DNA and gene expression systems. Transcription in chloroplasts is regulated by two types of RNA polymerase, nuclear-encoded plastid RNA polymerase (NEP) and plastid-encoded plastid RNA polymerase (PEP), and multiple sigma factors for PEP. To study

Genome Sequencing and Bioinformatics Analyses of Higher Plants Chloroplasts

by Helaine Carrer Esalq, Helaine Carrer, Tercilio Calsa Júnior, Dirce Maria Carraro
"... Chloroplast DNA in higher plants exist as closed circular molecules of about 150 kb (30), usually presenting inverted repeat sequences separating two single copy regions [1]. It is available the complete chloroplast genomes of around 13 higher plants species available in the gene bank. Our group has ..."
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and to allow both, organizational and evolutionary analyses by comparison with the plastid genomes available [5]. By comparative analyses among sugarcane plastome, it was observed that all maize functional gene groups and also ycfs (conserved putative plastid genes with unknown function) found in other species
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