Results 1 - 10 of 2,131

Estimating Wealth Effects without Expenditure Data— or Tears

by Deon Filmer, Lant Pritchett - Policy Research Working Paper 1980, The World , 1998
"... Abstract: We use the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) data collected in Indian states in 1992 and 1993 to estimate the relationship between household wealth and the probability a child (aged 6 to 14) is enrolled in school. A methodological difficulty to overcome is that the NFHS, modeled closely ..."
Abstract - Cited by 871 (16 self) - Add to MetaCart
reasonable coherence with current consumption expenditures and most importantly, works as well, or better, than traditional expenditure based measures in predicting enrollment status. When the asset index is applied to the Indian data the results show large, and variable, wealth gaps in the enrollment

Algorithms for Scalable Synchronization on Shared-Memory Multiprocessors

by John M. Mellor-crummey, Michael L. Scott - ACM Transactions on Computer Systems , 1991
"... Busy-wait techniques are heavily used for mutual exclusion and barrier synchronization in shared-memory parallel programs. Unfortunately, typical implementations of busy-waiting tend to produce large amounts of memory and interconnect contention, introducing performance bottlenecks that become marke ..."
Abstract - Cited by 573 (32 self) - Add to MetaCart
-accessible ag variables, and for some other processor to terminate the spin with a single remote write operation at an appropriate time. Flag variables may be locally-accessible as a result of coherent caching, or by virtue of allocation in the local portion of physically distributed shared memory. We present a

Towards flexible teamwork

by Milind Tambe - JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE RESEARCH , 1997
"... Many AI researchers are today striving to build agent teams for complex, dynamic multi-agent domains, with intended applications in arenas such as education, training, entertainment, information integration, and collective robotics. Unfortunately, uncertainties in these complex, dynamic domains obst ..."
Abstract - Cited by 570 (59 self) - Add to MetaCart
obstruct coherent teamwork. In particular, team members often encounter differing, incomplete, and possibly inconsistent views of their environment. Furthermore, team members can unexpectedly fail in fulfilling responsibilities or discover unexpected opportunities. Highly flexible coordination

The role of knowledge in discourse comprehension: A construction-integration model

by Walter Kintsch - Psychological Review , 1988
"... In contrast to expectation-based, predictive views of discourse comprehension, a model is developed in which the initial processing is strictly bottom-up. Word meanings are activated, propositions are formed, and inferences and elaborations are produced without regard to the discourse context. Howev ..."
Abstract - Cited by 476 (7 self) - Add to MetaCart
. However, a network of interrelated items is created in this manner, which can be integrated into a coherent structure through a spreading activation process. Data concerning the time course of word identification in a discourse context are examined. A simulation of arithmetic word-problem under

Measuring phase-synchrony in brain signals

by Eugenio Rodriguez, Jacques Martinerie, Francisco J. Varela - Hum. Brain Mapp , 1999
"... r r Abstract: This article presents, for the first time, a practical method for the direct quantification of frequency-specific synchronization (i.e., transient phase-locking) between two neuroelectric signals. The motivation for its development is to be able to examine the role of neural synchronie ..."
Abstract - Cited by 346 (6 self) - Add to MetaCart
synchronies as a putative mechanism for long-range neural integration during cognitive tasks. The method, called phase-locking statistics (PLS), measures the significance of the phase covariance between two signals with a reasonable time-resolution (,100 ms). Unlike the more traditional method of spectral

Observational evidence of recent change in the northern high-latitude environment

by M. C. Serreze, J. E. Walsh, F. S. Chapin Iii, T. Osterkamp, M. Dyurgerov, V. Romanovsky, W. C. Oechel, J. Morison - Chapin F S III, Osterkamp T, Dyurgerov M, Romanovsky V, Oechel W C, Morison J, Zhang T and Barry R G , 2000
"... Abstract. Studies from a variety of disciplines document recent change in the northern high-latitude environment. Prompted by predictions of an amplified response of the Arctic to enhanced greenhouse forcing, we present a synthesis of these observations. Pronounced winter and spring warming over nor ..."
Abstract - Cited by 264 (14 self) - Add to MetaCart
of increased plant growth, attended by greater shrub abundance and northward migration of the tree line. Evidence also suggests that the tundra has changed from a net sink to a net source of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Taken together, these results paint a reasonably coherent picture of change

Multiagent systems

by Katia P. Sycara - AI Magazine , 1998
"... ■ Agent-based systems technology has generated lots of excitement in recent years because of its promise as a new paradigm for conceptualizing, designing, and implementing software systems. This promise is particularly attractive for creating software that operates in environments that are distribu ..."
Abstract - Cited by 273 (5 self) - Add to MetaCart
that has addressed them. I organize these notions around the concept of problem-solving coherence, which I believe is one of the most critical overall characteristics that an MAS should exhibit. Most researchers in AI to date have dealt with developing theories, techniques, and systems to study

Weak Ordering -- A New Definition

by Sarita V. Adve, Mark D. Hill , 1990
"... A memory model for a shared memory, multiprocessor commonly and often implicitly assumed by programmers is that of sequential consistency. This model guarantees that all memory accesses will appear to execute atomically and in program order. An alternative model, weak ordering, offers greater perfor ..."
Abstract - Cited by 260 (14 self) - Add to MetaCart
performance potential. Weak ordering was first defined by Dubois, Scheurich and Briggs in terms of a set of rules for hardware that have to be made visible to software. The central hypothesis of this work is that programmers prefer to reason about sequentially consistent memory, rather than having to think

A Signal-Processing Framework for Inverse Rendering

by Ravi Ramamoorthi, Pat Hanrahan - In SIGGRAPH 01 , 2001
"... Realism in computer-generated images requires accurate input models for lighting, textures and BRDFs. One of the best ways of obtaining high-quality data is through measurements of scene attributes from real photographs by inverse rendering. However, inverse rendering methods have been largely limit ..."
Abstract - Cited by 248 (21 self) - Add to MetaCart
limited to settings with highly controlled lighting. One of the reasons for this is the lack of a coherent mathematical framework for inverse rendering under general illumination conditions. Our main contribution is the introduction of a signal-processing framework which describes the reflected light

On anytime coherence-based reasoning

by Frédéric Koriche , 2001
"... Abstract. A great deal of research has been devoted to nontrivial reasoning in inconsistent knowledge bases. Coherence-based approaches proceed by a consolidation operation which selects several consistent subsets of the knowledge base and an entailment operation which uses classical implication on ..."
Abstract - Cited by 6 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract. A great deal of research has been devoted to nontrivial reasoning in inconsistent knowledge bases. Coherence-based approaches proceed by a consolidation operation which selects several consistent subsets of the knowledge base and an entailment operation which uses classical implication
Results 1 - 10 of 2,131