size is small or suppression is a possibility. Empirical examples and computer setups for bootstrap analyses are provided. Mediation models of psychological processes are popular because they allow interesting associations to be decomposed into components that reveal possible causal mechanisms

Compared with the elongate bodies of shrimps or lobsters, crabs are characterised by a compact body organisation with a depressed, short carapace and a ventrally folded pleon. The evo-lutionary transformation from a lobster-like crustacean towards a crab is called ‘carcinization ’ and has been interpreted as a dramatic morphological change. Nevertheless, the crab-shape evolved convergently in a number of lineages within Decapoda. Accordingly, numerous hypotheses about internal and external factors have been presented, which all try to explain these fre-quent convergent carcinization events despite the seemingly fundamental changes in the body organisation. However, what a crab is lies greatly in the eye of the beholder and most of the hypotheses about the lobster/crab transformation are biased by untested assumptions. Furthermore, there are two meanings of

In this paper we (1) define the concept of a Clause Man-agetnent System (CMS) — a generaizatiou of de Kleer’s ATMS, (2) motivate such systems in terms of efficiency of search and abductive reasoning, and (3) characterize the computation affected by a CMS in terms of the concept of prime implicants

to self-regulatory failure. A strength model of self-regulation fits the data better than activation, priming, skill, or constant capacity models of self-regulation. The capacity of the human organism to override, interrupt, and otherwise alter its own responses is one of the most dramatic and impressive

? For the moment, we will skip the first three questions, but here are a couple of examples that might help convince you of the difficulty of those three. (Document your approach to these problems; do not spend an excessive amount of time on them.) Exercise 13.2 Is 3571 prime or composite? Exercise 13.3 Is 2773

the hypercube, which is a representative connectivity graph for a distributed hash table, the complete graph, which is an important connectivity graph for BGP, and the power law graph, of which the AS-level Internet graph is a prime example. We also study the star topology and the Erdős-Rényi graph

). We consider complex information spaces: our references belong to multiple related classes and each reference may have very few attribute values. A prime example of such a space is Personal Information Management, where the goal is to provide a coherent view of all the information on one’s desktop

provides a prime example that illustrates the essential contributions of larval morphology and comparative

of the infrastructure over a 24-hour day, by avoiding long queues during prime daytime hours and inactive periods during the wee hours of the night. A proper pricing structure known in advance to the captains of the barges will shape their decisions to enter the locks at a moment that is economically most appropriate

Abstract. One approach in pursuit of general intelligent agents has been to concentrate on the underlying cognitive architecture, of which Soar is a prime example. In the past, Soar has relied on a minimal number of architectural modules together with purely symbolic representations of knowledge