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Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, vol. 7, núm. 1, 2012, pp. S17-S23

держава. — 2015. — Вип. 2 (13). — С. 279-286. — Режим доступу до журн.:

Pseudorandom generators are fundamental to many theoretical and applied aspects of computing. We show howto construct a pseudorandom generator from any oneway function. Since it is easy to construct a one-way function from a pseudorandom generator, this result shows that there is a pseudorandom

INTRODUCTION A logo is "a single piece of type bearing two or more usually separate elements" [1]. In this paper, we use logos to display aligned sets of sequences. Sequence logos concentrate the following information into a single graphic [2]: 1. The general consensus of the sequences. National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Laboratory of Mathematical Biology, P. O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21701. Internet addresses: toms@ncifcrf.gov and stephens@ncifcrf.gov. y corresponding author 1 2. The order of predominance of the residues at every position. 3. The relative frequencies of every residue at every position. 4. The amount of information present at every position in the sequence, measured in bits. 5. An initiation point, cut point, or other significant location (if appropriate) . Any aligned set of DNA, RNA or protein sequences can be represented using this technique. CREATION OF BINDING S

How do real graphs evolve over time? What are “normal” growth patterns in social, technological, and information networks? Many studies have discovered patterns in static graphs, identifying properties in a single snapshot of a large network, or in a very small number of snapshots; these include heavy tails for in- and out-degree distributions, communities, small-world phenomena, and others. However, given the lack of information about network evolution over long periods, it has been hard to convert these findings into statements about trends over time. Here we study a wide range of real graphs, and we observe some surprising phenomena. First, most of these graphs densify over time, with the number of edges growing superlinearly in the number of nodes. Second, the average distance between nodes often shrinks over time, in contrast to the conventional wisdom that such distance parameters should increase slowly as a function of the number of nodes (like O(log n) orO(log(log n)). Existing graph generation models do not exhibit these types of behavior, even at a qualitative level. We provide a new graph generator, based on a “forest fire” spreading process, that has a simple, intuitive justification, requires very few parameters (like the “flammability” of nodes), and produces graphs exhibiting the full range of properties observed both in prior work and in the present study.

various limitations of current recommendation methods and discusses possible extensions that can improve recommendation capabilities and make recommender systems applicable to an even broader range of applications. These extensions include, among others, an improvement of understanding of users and items

ambiguities in these models are analyzed. Possible ways to derive their views of data from the entity-relationship model are presented. Key Words and Phrases: database design, logical view of data, semantics of data, data models, entity-relationship model, relational model, Data Base Task Group, network model

Qualitative simulation predicts the set of possible behaviors...

, and no coordination: any user can choose any set of possible signers that includes himself, and sign any message by using his secret key and the others ’ public keys, without getting their approval or assistance. Ring signatures provide an elegant way to leak authoritative secrets in an anonymous way, to sign casual