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Structure and change in the space of possible grammars
"... 0. This paper shows how many linguistic proposals can be formally modeled by a theory of language change that can then be refined using standard quantitative methods. In particular, the recognition of empirical and logical structure in the space of possible grammars allows a simple formal model that ..."
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0. This paper shows how many linguistic proposals can be formally modeled by a theory of language change that can then be refined using standard quantitative methods. In particular, the recognition of empirical and logical structure in the space of possible grammars allows a simple formal model
Learnability in Optimality Theory
, 1995
"... In this article we show how Optimality Theory yields a highly general Constraint Demotion principle for grammar learning. The resulting learning procedure specifically exploits the grammatical structure of Optimality Theory, independent of the content of substantive constraints defining any given gr ..."
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Cited by 529 (35 self)
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grammatical module. We decompose the learning problem and present formal results for a central subproblem, deducing the constraint ranking particular to a target language, given structural descriptions of positive examples. The structure imposed on the space of possible grammars by Optimality Theory allows
Semantics of Context-Free Languages
- In Mathematical Systems Theory
, 1968
"... "Meaning " may be assigned to a string in a context-free language by defining "at-tributes " of the symbols in a derivation tree for that string. The attributes can be de-fined by functions associated with each production in the grammar. This paper examines the implications of th ..."
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Cited by 569 (0 self)
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"Meaning " may be assigned to a string in a context-free language by defining "at-tributes " of the symbols in a derivation tree for that string. The attributes can be de-fined by functions associated with each production in the grammar. This paper examines the implications
A discriminatively trained, multiscale, deformable part model
- In IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR-2008
, 2008
"... This paper describes a discriminatively trained, multiscale, deformable part model for object detection. Our system achieves a two-fold improvement in average precision over the best performance in the 2006 PASCAL person detection challenge. It also outperforms the best results in the 2007 challenge ..."
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Cited by 555 (11 self)
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is specified for the positive examples. We believe that our training methods will eventually make possible the effective use of more latent information such as hierarchical (grammar) models and models involving latent three dimensional pose. 1.
Statistical Parsing with a Context-free Grammar and Word Statistics
, 1997
"... We describe a parsing system based upon a language model for English that is, in turn, based upon assigning probabilities to possible parses for a sentence. This model is used in a parsing system by finding the parse for the sentence with the highest probability. This system outperforms previou ..."
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Cited by 414 (18 self)
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We describe a parsing system based upon a language model for English that is, in turn, based upon assigning probabilities to possible parses for a sentence. This model is used in a parsing system by finding the parse for the sentence with the highest probability. This system outperforms
A-morphous morphology
, 1992
"... In the early years of the development of a theory of generative grammar (roughly 1955 through the early 1970s), a striking difference between the research problems that characterized the emerging field and those that had occupied its predecessors was the precipitous decline of the study of morpholog ..."
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Cited by 444 (9 self)
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In the early years of the development of a theory of generative grammar (roughly 1955 through the early 1970s), a striking difference between the research problems that characterized the emerging field and those that had occupied its predecessors was the precipitous decline of the study
Pfold: RNA secondary structure prediction using stochastic context-free grammars
- Nucleic Acids Res
, 2003
"... RNA secondary structures are important in many biological processes and efficient structure prediction can give vital directions for experimental investigations. Many available programs for RNA secondary structure prediction only use a single sequence at a time. This may be sufficient in some applic ..."
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Cited by 213 (11 self)
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applications, but often it is possible to obtain related RNA sequences with conserved secondary structure. These should be included in structural analyses to give improved results. This work presents a practical way of predicting RNA secondary structure that is especially useful when related sequences can
Grammars
"... enriched with Kleene star *; it is equivalent to the equational theory of residuated Kleene algebras (lattices). Some results on axiom systems, complexity and models of this logic were obtained in [4, 3, 18]. Here we prove a stronger form of *-elimination for the logic of *-continuous action lattice ..."
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lattices and the Π01−completeness of the equational theories of action lattices of subsets of a finite monoid and action lattices of binary relations on a finite universe. We also discuss possible applications in linguistics.
Universal Grammar and second language acquisition
, 1989
"... In this paper, I provide an overview of differing perspectives on the role of Universal Grammar (UG) in second language acquisition (SLA). I will suggest that we must not lose sight of the fact that UG is a theory which provides constraints on linguistic representation. At issue, then, is whether in ..."
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Cited by 152 (1 self)
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interlanguage (IL) representation is constrained by UG. UG is part of an innate biologically endowed language faculty. It places limitations on grammars, constraining their form (the inventory of possible grammatical categories, in the broadest sense, i.e., syntactic, semantic, phonological), as well as how
A Stochastic Grammar of Images
- Foundations and Trends in Computer Graphics and Vision
, 2006
"... This exploratory paper quests for a stochastic and context sensitive grammar of images. The grammar should achieve the following four objectives and thus serves as a unified framework of representation, learning, and recognition for a large number of object categories. (i) The grammar represents bot ..."
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Cited by 121 (26 self)
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This exploratory paper quests for a stochastic and context sensitive grammar of images. The grammar should achieve the following four objectives and thus serves as a unified framework of representation, learning, and recognition for a large number of object categories. (i) The grammar represents
Results 1 - 10
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