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Epistemological underpinnings of theory developments in educational
"... A lt hough it is difficult to categorise the philosophical positions of competingtheories of educational administration, it can be said that four major formsof theory have been advanced in the field: traditional positivism, subjec-tivism, critical theory, and an emerging theory, naturalistic coheren ..."
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ideas proposed by each of the four major schools of thought and focuses particularly on their philosophical assump-tions concerning the nature of science and their approach to theorising about educational administration.
Decentring Nanoethics toward Objects
"... It is now widely accepted that Research & Development in nanotechnology and biotechnology should be accompanied by research programs in ethics. This paper first critically assesses the ini-tiatives that characterize this “ethical turn ” by clarifying its underlying philosophical assump-tions and ..."
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It is now widely accepted that Research & Development in nanotechnology and biotechnology should be accompanied by research programs in ethics. This paper first critically assesses the ini-tiatives that characterize this “ethical turn ” by clarifying its underlying philosophical assump-tions
ETHICAL REASONING, EPISTEMOLOGY, AND ADMINISTRATIVE INQUIRY
"... Theories of knowledge are critical to practical reasoning. Nevertheless, most students of management pay little or no attention to the disciplines that deal most directly with questions about knowledge, its origins, and its nature: epistemology primarily, but the philosophy of science and other rela ..."
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related disciplines as well. Even where underlying philosophical assump-tions influence their thinking and writing, students of practical reasoning often fail to acknowledge these influences. That is a great pity. By looking to epistemology, a richer and more coherent development of practical reasoning
How the Philosophical Assumptions of Transactional Analysis Complement the Theory of Adult Education
"... Transactional analysis and adult educa-tion are both located within the tradition of humanistic psychology,and they share many underlying assumptions, including that hu-man beings naturally tend toward growth and change, that adults are responsible for themselves, and that people are inherently good ..."
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Transactional analysis and adult educa-tion are both located within the tradition of humanistic psychology,and they share many underlying assumptions, including that hu-man beings naturally tend toward growth and change, that adults are responsible for themselves, and that people are inherently
Reflexive accounts and accounts of reflexivity in qualitative data analysis
- Sociology
, 2003
"... While the importance of being reflexive is acknowledged within social science research, the difficulties, practicalities and methods of doing it are rarely addressed. Thus, the implications of current theoretical and philosophical discussions about reflexivity, epistemology and the construction of k ..."
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Cited by 73 (4 self)
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with, theoretical, epistemological and ontological assumptions – including concep-tions of subjects and subjectivities, and understandings of how knowledge is con-structed and produced. In suggesting how epistemological and ontological positionings can be translated into research practice, our article
© 2004 The Board of Trustees, University of Illinois Arguments for Philosophical Realism in Library and Information Science
"... The basic realist claim is that a mind-independent reality exists. It should be common sense knowledge to accept this claim, just as any the-ories that try to deny it soon become inconsistent because reality strikes back. In spite of this, antirealist philosophies flourish, not only in philoso-phy b ..."
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kind of naiveté concerning knowledge claims. The opposite of realism may be termed antirealism, idealism, or nominalism. Although many people confuse empiricism and positivism with realism, these tradi-tions are by nature strongly antirealist, which is why a sharp distinction should be made between
Alternative ways of seeking knowledge in consumer research
- Journal of Consumer Research
, 1988
"... Two of the predominant approaches to gaining knowledge in the social sciences are the positivist and interpretive approaches. Different philosophical assumptions and goals underlie both. We are better able to see the strengths and weaknesses in the two approaches by comparing and contrasting differe ..."
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Cited by 61 (2 self)
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Two of the predominant approaches to gaining knowledge in the social sciences are the positivist and interpretive approaches. Different philosophical assumptions and goals underlie both. We are better able to see the strengths and weaknesses in the two approaches by comparing and contrasting
©2009 The Aristotelian Society Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society Supplementary Volume lxxxiii doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8349.2009.00179.x Confirmation and Climate Models
"... Today’s climate models are supported in a couple of ways that receive little attention from philosophers or climate scientists. In addition to standard ‘model fit’, wherein a model’s simulation is compared to observational data, there is an additional type of confirmation available through the varie ..."
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of a global climate model using distinct data sets considered col-lectively will provide stronger evidence for a model than either one of the instances considered individually. This has consequences for model ro-bustness. Sets of models that produce robust results will, if their assump-tions vary
COGNITIVE SCIENCE 8, 275304 (1984) Literal Meaning and Psychological Theory*
"... This paper evaluates the psychological status of literal meaning. Mast linguis-tic and philosophical theories assume that sentences have well-specified literal meanings which represent the meaning of a sentence independent of context. Recent debate an this issue has centered an whether literal meani ..."
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-less of whether these are determined in light of a set of background assump-tions. Moreover, the putative literal meanings of sentences da not contribute in systematic ways toward the understanding of speakers ’ utterance mean-ings. These observations suggest that the distinctions between literal and metopharic
What awareness isn't: A sentential view of implicit and explicit belief
- Proceedings of the 1986 Conference on Theoretical Aspects of Reasoning About Knowledge
, 1986
"... In their attempt to model and reason about the beliefs of agents, artificial intelligence (AI) researchers have borrowed from two different philosophical tradi-tions regarding the folk psychology of belief. In one tradition, belief is a relation between an agent and a proposition, that is, a proposi ..."
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Cited by 26 (0 self)
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In their attempt to model and reason about the beliefs of agents, artificial intelligence (AI) researchers have borrowed from two different philosophical tradi-tions regarding the folk psychology of belief. In one tradition, belief is a relation between an agent and a proposition, that is, a
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