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Improved prediction of signal peptides -- SignalP 3.0

by Jannick Dyrløv Bendtsen, Henrik Nielsen, Gunnar von Heijne, Søren Brunak - J. MOL. BIOL. , 2004
"... We describe improvements of the currently most popular method for prediction of classically secreted proteins, SignalP. SignalP consists of two different predictors based on neural network and hidden Markov model algorithms, where both components have been updated. Motivated by the idea that the cle ..."
Abstract - Cited by 654 (7 self) - Add to MetaCart
We describe improvements of the currently most popular method for prediction of classically secreted proteins, SignalP. SignalP consists of two different predictors based on neural network and hidden Markov model algorithms, where both components have been updated. Motivated by the idea

Improved methods for building protein models in electron density maps and the location of errors in these models. Acta Crystallogr. sect

by T. A. Jones, J. -y. Zou, S. W. Cowan, M. Kjeldgaard - A , 1991
"... Map interpretation remains a critical step in solving the structure of a macromolecule. Errors introduced at this early stage may persist throughout crystallo-graphic refinement and result in an incorrect struc-ture. The normally quoted crystallographic residual is often a poor description for the q ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1051 (9 self) - Add to MetaCart
for the quality of the model. Strategies and tools are described that help to alleviate this problem. These simplify the model-building process, quantify the goodness of fit of the model on a per-residue basis and locate possible errors in pep-tide and side-chain conformations.

A combined transmembrane topology and signal peptide prediction method

by Sheila M. Reynolds, Lukas Käll, Michael E. Riffle, Jeff A. Bilmes, William Stafford Noble - J. Mol. Biol , 2004
"... Hidden Markov models (HMMs) have been successfully applied to the tasks of transmembrane protein topology prediction and signal peptide prediction. In this paper we expand upon this work by making use of the more powerful class of dynamic Bayesian networks (DBNs). Our model, Philius, is inspired by ..."
Abstract - Cited by 233 (10 self) - Add to MetaCart
Hidden Markov models (HMMs) have been successfully applied to the tasks of transmembrane protein topology prediction and signal peptide prediction. In this paper we expand upon this work by making use of the more powerful class of dynamic Bayesian networks (DBNs). Our model, Philius, is inspired

A point-charge force field for molecular mechanics simulations of proteins based on condensed-phase QM calculations

by Yong Duan, Chun Wu, Shibasish Chowdhury, Mathew C. Lee, Guoming Xiong - J. Comput. Chem , 2003
"... Abstract: Molecular mechanics models have been applied extensively to study the dynamics of proteins and nucleic acids. Here we report the development of a third-generation point-charge all-atom force field for proteins. Following the earlier approach of Cornell et al., the charge set was obtained b ..."
Abstract - Cited by 229 (6 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract: Molecular mechanics models have been applied extensively to study the dynamics of proteins and nucleic acids. Here we report the development of a third-generation point-charge all-atom force field for proteins. Following the earlier approach of Cornell et al., the charge set was obtained

Antigen

by Emmanuel Saridakis, Efstratios Stratikos , 2011
"... to trim a vast variety of antigenic peptide precursors to generate mature epitopes for binding to major histocompatibility class I molecules. We report here the first structure of ERAP2 determined at 3.08 Å by X-ray crystallography. On the basis of residual electron density, a lysine residue has bee ..."
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to trim a vast variety of antigenic peptide precursors to generate mature epitopes for binding to major histocompatibility class I molecules. We report here the first structure of ERAP2 determined at 3.08 Å by X-ray crystallography. On the basis of residual electron density, a lysine residue has

Prediction of signal peptides and signal anchors by a hidden Markov model

by Henrik Nielsen, Anders Krogh - Proc. Int. Conf. Intell. Syst. Mol. Biol , 1998
"... A hidden Markov model of signal peptides has been developed. It contains submodels for the N-terminal part, the hydrophobic region, and the region around the cleavage site. For known signal peptides, the model can be used to assign objective boundaries between these three regions. Applied to our dat ..."
Abstract - Cited by 157 (10 self) - Add to MetaCart
A hidden Markov model of signal peptides has been developed. It contains submodels for the N-terminal part, the hydrophobic region, and the region around the cleavage site. For known signal peptides, the model can be used to assign objective boundaries between these three regions. Applied to our

Characterization of monoclonal antibody directed against mouse macrophage and lymphocyte Fc receptors.J. Exp. Med

by C. Unkeless , 1979
"... Fc receptors 1 (FcR) recognize the Fc domain of IgG and are found on macrophages, lymphocytes, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (for reviews see Kerbel and Davies [1] and Dickler[2]). These receptors enable the effector cells to recognize foreign antigens to which antibodies are bound and may also p ..."
Abstract - Cited by 183 (7 self) - Add to MetaCart
Fc receptors 1 (FcR) recognize the Fc domain of IgG and are found on macrophages, lymphocytes, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (for reviews see Kerbel and Davies [1] and Dickler[2]). These receptors enable the effector cells to recognize foreign antigens to which antibodies are bound and may also

Antigen presentation by chemically modified splenocytes induces antigen-specific T cell unresponsiveness

by K. Jenkins, Ronald, H. Schwartz - in vitro and in vivo .J Exp Med. 165 :302 , 1987
"... Despite a large body of evidence concerning the phenomenon of immune tolerance at the T cell level, the actual mechanism of unresponsiveness is not understood. Experimentally, T cell unresponsiveness can be induced in adults by the intravenous injection of high doses of soluble antigen (1) or of ant ..."
Abstract - Cited by 114 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
) or of antigen coupled to syngeneic splenocytes (reviewed in references 2-6). Two major hypotheses have been proposed (3-6) to explain unresponsiveness: regulation by suppressor T cells or direct inactivation of responding T cells by antigen. The suppression model of unresponsiveness states that a complex

Conversion of Peripheral CD4 � CD25 � Naive T Cells to CD4 � CD25 � Regulatory T Cells by TGF- � Induction of Transcription Factor Foxp3

by Wanjun Chen, Wenwen Jin, Neil Hardegen, Ke-jian Lei, Li Li, Nancy Marinos, George Mcgrady, Sharon M. Wahl
"... CD4�CD25 � regulatory T cells (Treg) are instrumental in the maintenance of immunological tolerance. One critical question is whether Treg can only be generated in the thymus or can differentiate from peripheral CD4�CD25 � naive T cells. In this paper, we present novel evidence that conversion of na ..."
Abstract - Cited by 149 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
. These converted anergic/suppressor cells are not only unresponsive to TCR stimulation and produce neither T helper cell 1 nor T helper cell 2 cytokines but they also express TGF- � and inhibit normal T cell proliferation in vitro. More importantly, in an ovalbumin peptide TCR transgenic adoptive transfer model

Oxidative stress can alter the antigenicity of immunodominant peptides

by Daniela Weiskopf, Angelika Schwanninger, Birgit Weinberger, Giovanni Almanzar, Walther Parson, Soren Buus, Herbert Lindner, Beatrix Grubeck-loebenstein - J Leukoc Biol , 2010
"... peptides ..."
Abstract - Cited by 2 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
peptides
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