we have witnessed a substantialdecline in global biodiversity, much of which is clearly linked to human activities (Millennium Eco-system Assessment 2005). Land conversion, invasion by exotic species, pollution, and climate change are just a few of the factors that threaten the diversity of life. Conservation biology is the scientific discipline charged with understanding the decline in biodiversity and with providing information critical for balancing resource use with the preservation of functioning ecosystems. Conservation biology is a crisis-driven discipline (Soulé 1985). To effectively inform policy and management, conservation research must address the most pressing problems and the most threatened systems and organisms. Because threats change over time, conservation biologists should be continually tracking shifts in conservation pri-orities and addressing problems as they arise. While sev-eral studies have identified gaps in ecological research in general (Clark and May 2002; Kochin and Levin 2003), and at least one has described the research published in the major conservation literature (Fazey et al. 2005), none have directly addressed the question of whether the field of conservation biology has adequately tracked emerging threats and issues. Using a survey of 628 papers from 14 journals, we conducted an assessment of the gaps in conservation research over a 20-year period and asked whether those gaps were being filled. Specifically, we addressed two questions: first, where is conservation research being conducted and are those locations representative of the global diversity of ecologi-cal systems? Second, which taxonomic groups and which threats to biodiversity are being studied and are those groups and threats consistent with the priorities defined by previous ecological assessments? We measured the degree of disconnect in these two areas to determine whether the gaps we identified have narrowed or expanded over time. Literature survey We sampled a wide range of conservation literature by first identifying the top 60 % of ecology journals, as

The recent availability of global networks of annual or seasonal resolution proxy data, combined with the few long instrumental and historical climate records available during the past few centuries, make it possible now to reconstruct annual and seasonal spatial patterns of temperature variation

in the past century. Celebrated examples include Donald Broadbent’s lter theory of attention, which set the agenda for most subsequent work; and Anne Treisman’s revisions of this account, and her later feature-integration theory. More recent contributions include Alan Allport’s prescient emphasis

.S. and the OECD, and has been growing dramatically. In fact, if one focuses on merchandise trade relative to value-added, the world is much more integrated today than at any time during the past century.

Wireless microsensor networks have been identified as one of the most important technologies for the 21st century. This paper traces the history of research in sensor networks over the past three decades, including two important programs of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA

recorded on film a century or more ago reveal changes that help select the starting point.

risk of chronic traumatic brain injury in professional

ABSTRACT: Wind is one of the rapidly developing sources of renewable energy in the Philippines. However, determining wind speed and wind pattern poses a tough challenge to developers and researchers. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is an open source Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) system used for determining meteorological data like wind speed in a specific area. The default format of each WRF output is in netCDF which can be viewed in a GIS environment. Even though GIS can handle large files, it will take long processing time. An alternative is to convert the netCDF file into a format that is readable by the Grid Analysis and Display System (GrADS), which is an open source post-processing tool used to access, manipulate and visualize earth science data. However, creating a script for GrADS is very complex. Thus, this study developed a Python-based GUI software for extraction of wind speed using the PyGrADS library, a Python interface for GrADS. After extraction, these can be interpolated in a GIS environment to produce a raster file. The extracted and averaged wind speed data are from 2008 (La Niña), 2010 (El Niño) and 2014 of Quezon City WRF output with a domain of 1km by 1km resolution. Given the amount and number of data points, using python script in extracting and averaging wind speed is faster than doing it manually. A GIS environment can now project the extracted output because it has a smaller file compared to the raw netCDF file. It was also able to show that the output visualized in the GIS environment has a similar trend with the output of the previous NREL study. It can be concluded that this study has

Among countries colonized by European powers during the past 500 years, those that were relatively rich in 1500 are now relatively poor. We document this reversal using data on urbanization patterns and population density, which, we argue, proxy for economic prosperity. This reversal weighs

Abstract. Tinte series of observed seasonal temperature data from selected locations on the American Great Plains contain a great deal of information on the nature and scales of climate variations over the past century. At four long-term stations in eastern Colorado, trends of increasing mean